©
L
T
O
B
R
P
S
S
© 2013 Cisco and
Lab - Vie
Topology
Objectives
Part 1: Ac
Part 2: Ex
Part 3: Ex
Backgroun
To accesstable. Thecomplex. destinatioroute prin
In this lab–r and rodestinatio
Note: This
Required R
1 PC
Part 1: A
Step 1: Re
On your Pinformatio
Step 2: Dis
In a comm
d/or its affiliates.
ewing H
ccess the Ho
xamine IPv4
xamine IPv6
nd / Scenar
s a resource oe host routingFor a packet
on, both the lont commands
b, you will dispute print com
on address.
s lab cannot b
Resources
(Windows 7,
Access th
ecord your P
PC, open a coon and record
IPv4 Add
MAC Add
Default G
splay the ro
mand prompt
All rights reserve
Host Rou
ost Routing T
Host Routin
Host Routin
rio
on a network,table is similto reach a loc
ocal host routis provide insig
play and exammmands. You
be completed
Vista, or XP w
he Host R
PC informat
ommand prom it:
dress
dress
Gateway
outing table
window type
ed. This docume
uting Ta
Table
ng Table Entr
ng Table Entr
, your host wiar to that of acal destinationg table and ght into how y
mine the inforwill determin
d using Netlab
with Internet a
Routing T
tion.
mpt window a
s.
the netstat –
ent is Cisco Publi
bles
ries
ries
ll determine ta router, but ison, the local h
the router rouyour local hos
rmation in the ne how packe
b. This lab ass
and comman
able
nd type the ip
–r (or route p
ic.
the route to ths specific to thost routing tauting table arest routes pack
host routing ts will be rout
sumes that yo
d prompt acc
pconfig /all c
rint) comman
he destinationhe local host
able is requiree required. Thkets to the de
table of your ted by your P
ou have Inter
cess)
command to d
nd to display
n host using itand much les
ed. To reach ahe netstat –r
estination.
PC using thePC depending
rnet access.
display the fol
the host routi
Page 1 of 6
ts routing ss a remote r and
e netstat on the
llowing
ing table.
L
©
S
Lab - Viewing
© 2013 Cisco and
What are
Step 3: Ex
The first snumber o
g Host Routi
d/or its affiliates.
the three sec
amine the I
section, Interfaf every netwo
ng Tables
All rights reserve
ctions displaye
nterface Lis
ace List, dispork-capable in
ed. This docume
ed in the outp
st.
plays the Mednterface on th
ent is Cisco Publi
put?
ia Access Coe host.
ic.
ontrol (MAC) aaddresses annd assigned in
Page 2 of 6
nterface
L
©
P
Lab - Viewing
© 2013 Cisco and
The first cnetwork-cadapters.
In this exa
Note: If yolisted in th
What is thcompare t
The secon127.0.0.1
The last foincludes I
Part 2: E
In Part 2, netstat –rdefault ro
The outpu
The NNetm
The NIP add
The Gdestin
The Inforwa
The Mprefer
The outpu
g Host Routi
d/or its affiliates.
column is the capable interfa
The third col
ample, the firs
ou have a PChe Interface L
he MAC addreto the recorde
nd line is loopwhen the Tra
our lines reprPv4 and IPv6
Examine I
you will examr output. It listutes.
ut is divided in
Network Destiask to match
Netmask lists dress.
Gateway columnation. If a de
nterface columrd a packet o
Metric columnrred route has
ut displays fiv
ng Tables
All rights reserve
interface numaces on the humn shows th
st line display
C with an EtheList.
ess of the inteed MAC addr
pback interfacansmission C
esent transitio6.
IPv4 Hos
mine the IPv4 ts all the know
n five columns
nation columthe destinatio
the subnet m
mn lists the astination is di
mn lists the IPon the network
lists the costs a lower met
e different typ
ed. This docume
mber. The sechosts. These ihe manufactu
ys the wireless
ernet interface
erface connecess in Step 1
ce. The loopbControl Protoc
on technology
t Routing
host routing wn IPv4 route
s: Network De
n lists the reaon IP address
mask that the h
address that threctly connec
P address thak.
t of using a rotric number th
pes of active r
ent is Cisco Publi
cond column interfaces canurer and a des
s interface tha
e and a Wirel
cted to your lo?
ack interface ol/Internet Pr
y that allows
g Table E
table. This taes, including d
estination, Ne
achable netwos.
host uses to d
he host uses cted, the gate
at is configure
oute. It is usedhan other rout
routes:
ic.
is the list of Mn include Ethescription of th
at is connecte
ess adapter e
ocal network?
is automaticarotocol (TCP/I
communicatio
Entries
ble is in the sdirect connec
etmask, Gate
ork. The Netw
determine the
to send the peway is listed
ed on the loca
d to calculatetes listed.
MAC addresseernet, Wi-Fi a
he interface.
ed to the loca
enabled, both
? How does th
ally assignedIP) is running
on in a mixed
second sectioctions, local ne
eway, Interfac
work Destinat
e network and
packets to a reas On-link in
al network ada
e the best rout
es associatedand Bluetooth
al network.
h interfaces w
he MAC addr
an IP addresg on a host.
d environment
on as a result etwork, and lo
ce, and Metric
tion is used w
d host portion
emote netwothe output.
aptor. This is
te to a destina
Page 3 of 6
d with the h
would be
ress
ss of
t and
of the ocal
c.
with
s of the
rk
used to
ation. A
Lab - Viewing Host Routing Tables
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 4 of 6
The local default route 0.0.0.0 is used when the packet does not match other specified addresses in the routing table. The packet will be sent to the gateway from the PC for further processing. In this example, the packet will be sent to 192.168.1.1 from 192.168.1.11.
The loopback addresses, 127.0.0.0 – 127.255.255.255, are related to direct connection and provide services to the local host.
The addresses for the subnet, 192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.255, are all related to the host and the local network. If the final destination of the packet is in the local network, the packet will exit 192.168.1.11 interface.
- The local route address 192.168.1.0 represents all devices on the 192.168.1.0/24 network.
- The address of the local host is 192.168.1.11.
- The network broadcast address 192.168.1.255 is used to send messages to all the hosts on the local network.
The special multicast class D addresses 224.0.0.0 are reserved for use through either the loopback interface (127.0.0.1) or the host (192.168.1.11).
The local broadcast address 255.255.255.255 can be used through either the loopback interface (127.0.0.1) or host (192.168.1.11).
Based on the contents of the IPv4 routing table, if the PC wanted to send a packet to 192.168.1.15, what would it do and where would it send the packet?
If the PC wanted to send a packet to a remote host located at 172.16.20.23, what would it do and where would it send the packet?
Part 3: Examine IPv6 Host Routing Table Entries
In Part 3, you will examine the IPv6 routing table. This table is in the third section displayed in the netstat –r output. It lists all the known IPv6 routes including direct connections, local network and local default routes.
L
©
Lab - Viewing
© 2013 Cisco and
The outpu128 bits v
The Ifsectio
The Mthe m
The N
The Gaddre
In this exareveal the
::/0: Taddre
::1/12
2001:
2001:
fe80::netwo
fe80::
ff00::/addre
The host for IPv4 a
What is th
How man
How man
g Host Routi
d/or its affiliates.
ut of the IPv6 versus only 32
f column lists on of the nets
Metric columnmetric is used t
Network Desti
Gateway lists ess if it is direc
ample, the fige following ne
This is the IPvess of the defa
28: This is equ
:/32: This is t
0:9d38:6ab8
/64: This is thork.
1863:3bca:3f
/8: These are esses.
routing table nd what is it f
he loopback a
y IPv6 addres
y broadcast a
ng Tables
All rights reserve
Route Table 2 bits for IPv4
the interface stat –r comma
lists the costto select betw
nation colum
the next-hop ctly connecte
ure displays ttwork destina
v6 equivalent ault router.
uivalent to the
the global unic
:1863:3bca:3f
he local link n
f57:fef4/128: T
special reser
for IPv6 has sfor IPv6?
address and s
sses have be
addresses do
ed. This docume
differs in colu4 addresses. T
numbers of tand.
t of each routeween multiple
n lists the add
IPv6 addressd to the host.
the IPv6 Rouations:
of the local de
e IPv4 loopba
cast network
f57:fef4/128:
etwork route
This is the lin
rved multicas
similar inform
subnet mask f
en assigned
es the IPv6 ro
ent is Cisco Publi
umn headingsThe IPv6 Rou
the IPv6-enab
e to a destina routes with t
dress prefix fo
s to reach the
te Table sect
efault route. T
ack address a
prefix.
This is the glo
address and
k-local IPv6 a
t class D add
mation as the I
for IPv4? Wha
to this PC?
outing table c
ic.
s and format ute Table sec
bled network
ation. The lowhe same pref
or the route.
e destination.
tion generated
The Gateway
and provides s
obal unicast I
represents a
address of the
dresses equiv
IPv4 routing t
at is the loopb
contain?
because the ction displays
interfaces fro
wer cost is thefix.
On-link is list
d by the nets
y column prov
services to th
IPv6 address
all computers
e local compu
valent to the IP
table. What is
back IP addre
IPv6 addressfour columns
om the Interfa
e preferred ro
ted as the nex
stat –r comm
vides the link-
e local host.
s of the local c
on the local-l
uter.
Pv4 224.x.x.x
s the local def
ess for IPv6?
Page 5 of 6
ses are s:
ce List
ute, and
xt-hop
mand to
local
computer.
ink IPv6
x
fault route
Lab - Viewing Host Routing Tables
© 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is Cisco Public. Page 6 of 6
Reflection
1. How is the number of bits for the network indicated for IPv4. How is it done for IPv6?
2. Why is there both IPv4 and IPv6 information in the host routing tables?