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Where the Supply ofQuinine Conies Front

Java Furnishes the Greater Part of ItHow It Is Raised and Treated

produces practically all theJAYA in use or to be more ac-

curate¬

practically all the cinchonabark from which the worlds supply of

J quinine is made Ninety per cent ofn the yield is shipped to Amsterdam

now the cinchona market of the worldthe remainder being converted into>luinine in the Java quinine factory atBandoeng

The secret of the manufacture ofthis drug has been most jealouslywarded andtitis Only of recent yearssuccess has attended the efforts ofthose who ventured to make a standagainst the combination of quininefactories in Europe The trust hadbeen particularly hard on the plant ¬

ers continually depressing the priceof the bark and keeping the price ofthe manufactured article high mak-ing it necessary for the planter eitherto go out of business or to attempt tocombat his taskmaster lIe followedthe latter course

The first efforts were not success ¬

ful the quality of the quinine beinginferior and resulting in the Java ar¬

ticle getting a bad name But nowc the factory is well on its feet and the

methods in use in the laboratories inJava are thoroughly scientific and upto date Mr F L Seely secretary andTreasurer of the Paris Medicine com-pany

¬e at St Louis one of the largest

users of quinine in the world reportsas the result of personal investiga-tions

¬

in Java the conviction that thefactory at Bandoeng produces quinineabove the standard Which is of con ¬

siderable interest io the world atlarge as the Java product is sold muchlower than the common makes Mr

I Seely has given the world the benefitof his investigations into the Java intI

1LABORATORY PLANTATION JAVA n11II

dustry through the medium of a wellwritten and interesting article in thethisiJ iirticle that we are indebted for much

l our informationIt may bf interest to know

r howIf Java has bccometne home of lnch

or Peruvian bark us it U more bImiliarly styled Both Peru and Javarr earea few degcecs spuf h of the equator1but n wide siYoMch Qf ocean die between them About life middle af the

t last century tlieDutch governmentI which has had complete control vrpfi affairs in Java since s10 decided it

would experiment wilh thecuUivatfont of cinchona in the colonies A nativet named Husskarl was sent to Peru to

procure plants and seeds He visitedI both Peru and Bolivia spending twoiirears in the two countries undergoing

hardships in the way of fever and imt JlriSOJ11 lent At last with a few seeds

and plants he embarked for homeI getting away jn a Dutch warship sent

purposely tp convey him anti his prizeto Java But the prize was not a richone Only 16 of his trees were alive at

00

A JAVA PLANTATION

the end of the long voyage Thesewere set out the seeds planted andwhile after a time 88 trees Showed asthe result of Husskarls labors therewas not a grain of quinine in one ofthem The cascarrileros bark galhIerers had given him poor seed

When this discouragement waSj dampening the ardorof those that hadi started the enterprise in Java over in

< Bolivia an Englishman by the name ofLedgers approached by a nativeone Manuel Incra Mamani and toldthere was good cinchona seed to behad b> 7a foreigner if Hiisskarl hadbeen fooled Ledger bejieved thenative bought of him 20 pounds ofguaranteed seed and sent it to hisbrother inLondonlhe Londonbrother communicated with the Dutchgovernment in regard to his posseston the whale consignment vasbought for GOO rupees bout 180and sent oil Jo Java Ledgeri gaveMamani more money and told him togo into the forest and get him samemore seeds but the cascarrileros be

4 Muse IMS haul allawed feed to fbe seat

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J 5 f Y

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out of the country captured him andwhipped him so severely that he died

The 20 pounds of seed were sufficientto start the cinchona industry in JavaTwenty thousand trees grew from theLedger seeds and some of them arestill standing These trees which arealmost 50 years old are now used onlyfor the seed The seeds arc plantedin nurseries where the young plantsare sheltered from the sun by leafshelters As the Ledgers do not taketo the soil very well they are grafted

BARK DRYING IN THE SUN

on to a red bark tree that flourishesin the soil but does not contain muchquinine When the wound of the graft ¬

ing has healed the tall top of the redbark tree is cut oft and the improvedtree transplanted from the nursery tothe forest

ro prepare land for these foreststhe jungle is cleared and the groundkept perfectly free from weeds andrubbish The trees are planted inrows and in such a manner the rainscan sink deep into the soil When theyare six years old the trees arc cutdown The old way was to peel the

1 ON GOVERNMENT CINCHONA

of

ON

bark and cover the naked trunks withmoss but now it is considered betterto cut the trees down close to theroots and near hJ plant new ones Thetrees are then cut into short lengthsand the bark 1beaten off by women

Women and children assist also inthe urther prepanjtjon of the barkThe pharmnceutietlbarka the pipebark is usually dried entirely in thesun It is placed sin great trays andwhile it is still green tfoinen and chil ¬

dren tie it into bundled They sit inthe tray4and tri i quite at theirease When bark Fs dried in ovens thelatter arc heated IHthe wood of the

stripped treesAfter the bark is thoroughly dried

it is roughly ground into powder Wa ¬

ter power which is abundant isusually employed for this process Thepowder is then packed into bags andthe greater part of it sent to Amster ¬

dam whence it Is distributed fo dif¬

ferent factories The remainder a-

we have said Is manufactured intoquinine at Bandoeng-

Bandoeng is about eight hours ridefrom Batavia the chief port of JavaIt is an attractive little town its longlow houses built for irdpiualVconditiOhs Cinchona plantation liesallabout Bandoeng from nine to thirtymiles distant One may reach theseplantations by anyone of three waysOn the back of a pony in a pony cartor in a mountain chair carried by fournatives On the way cinchona may beseer lit all styles from the tiny seedTip to large forest trees towerins ahundred feet from the ground Thedwellings of the planters are eminent ¬

ly comfortable not to say luxuriousThe refinements of life are not lack-ing

¬

on these Javanese plantationsand the planters are cultivated intel ¬

ligent gentlemen The Peruvian barkindustry has done not a little towardsthe evident prosperity of the countryranking today as one of the principal

I articles of export

Two IntiKHBtl EpltnphuThe churchyard contains the dust of

many eminent men and several queerepitaphs The tombstone of Mary AnnLujten is a cedar bedstead that hasstood the ravages of 131 years The epi-

taph¬

of Charlotte Elford who died onM ayf9 1317 says that

She wasIn Childhood ObedientIn Vdlpck viptunusIn Prosperity HumbleResignedInIn Death illappy

Another curious one is that of JohnSiugleton who died September 1017SOt

Sacred Urd scJcmnTo

The memory of3 In 4 and 4 In 1

A husbaEd lather grandfather afid fatherlnlaw

CharlestoaiCoriChicagoRteerdS rJ j tij t jp

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vORGANIZATION OF TRUSTS

Proof That Price Are italaedb7Combines Given Hcpubllcamir

the Lie

The typical way in which trustsareorganized is given in announcingthe

CanniugeombisaysChicago Chronicle is 10000000 to bedivided as follows

000000Sevenpreferred ¬

650X000CommonIt is understood that the underwrit-

ing¬

syndicate will furnish 3000000cash receiving therefor 3000000 indebentures with a bonus of 1500000preferred stouk and 1500000 commonstock

This company therefore starts outby presenting the underwriting syndi ¬

cate with 3000000 of preferred andcommon stock for their share of theplunder the balance of the commonstock is doubtless pure water as isprobably the case with the remaining5000000 of preferred stock as only3000000 in cash is used in the tract

actionTheinformation Iis also given that

the annual rapacity of the combine-dfonlfrns is 2000000 eases so if thesalmon canned by the originalcom ¬

pan ts produced profit of 20 percentit will require the combine to increasepaaikeeventually find its way into bank vaultsas security for loans and when a tighttime conies in the money market somebank will fail with large assets that are

not immediately available The suf ¬

ferers will not be the trusts but theunfortunate depositors

The increase of railroad fares andfreight rates has been systematically

oing on ever since the combinationswere effected The freight rates havegenerally been increased in the roundabout way of raising the classiricationThe Buffalo Times says The IarirAmerican is now complete but therailroad rates keep the crowds awayThis iis corroborated by the man ¬

ager of the PanAmerican exrposition whogivcout the following In ¬

formation We can cite ninny in ¬

stances where the railroads have puttip their rates far in excess of what thefare was before theI exposition f

This is pretty good proof that trustsand combinations do raise prices notwithstandingi the etTorts of Gen Gros <

ener and other republican leaders todrove that they are an advantage tothe people

MEETING OF CONSPIRATORS

Plotting nt smut MnKiintcM TlintMolten Xo Good for the Com ¬

mon People

There was a meeting in Xew Yorka feu days ago that bodes ill for mostof the balance of us There were ices >> nt Senator llannaJl Morgaujjrtslkit at Cussattcif hYlTfu1JTaloifcroad and Co A Griscom of the Aintri< an line steamships Whattheyraetfor is not disclosed but as they ar53nheat on the ship subsidy steal Jfnoioubt that was one of the mattersthen they arty also interested inlhebituminous coal trust now formingwhich is intended to divide thefconrtrol of the mines among the railroadsjust as the anthracite field haste il

apportioned and then raise the fateall the traffic will bear and the pTicewHQindtoj 0

fields are much mote extensive thanthe hard coal ones and the softcoaltrust will have to quite equal in capi ¬

talization the steel trust if not ex-ceed it

One thing is certain These leadersof the republican party did not meetwith any philanthropic idea in xle >Y

and it is quite possible that they werescheming to squeeze the dear peoplea trifle more on some new trust comb-ination

¬

or monopoly When you order

ioumaii I

PLAYING HIDE AND SEEK rq

The ItiilitMtrlnl Cunlutissionut olIunrlllJ ltepnbllcnn5ucccst >

aThat industrious bunch of pr6fe

sional ounce seekers known as the in ¬

dust rial commission are play injj hideinpl1liniewfact that some of the members ofthe commission wish to find and I

the others do not iis are Ameri-can

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goods sold abroadcheaperUlan at home Jtr Schwab the mil ¬

lion dollar president of the steell trusttestified before the commission thatThesecretaryoftheHomebut these authorities insist there is noharm in it The great majority of thecommission being republicans theymay not find the fact but the minorityhave it right before them if it has notbeen suppressed like some other mat ¬

ters have been This industrial com ¬republicansuccessManna

anti KorakerHanna pretends to be for For

MansfielShield ¬republican¬can-not talk without letting it be knownthat he would prefer to see the forprivatlifesawthis paragraph and took warning fiirthe nay he pitched in for Forakerwas something almost spectacularWell we have no doubt Mr llamais

colleagueTherepersonal animosities mnsttrikebaek1-eatli Anyho +rllrllafinacarriesou tiohimustCiuciBUcEnquirer

QtclaiIr l

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ACTING UNDER COVER

nepnbllcnnn Who ire Afraid to LegJHlntc In na Open

Manner

Jefferson said I am not amongstthose who fear the people but Jef-ferson was a democrat That republ-ican politicians do fear the people isevident when they do not allow themto vote on measures in which theyare interested

Some hostile comment has recentlybeen indulged in with reference tothe referendum which the constitu-tion

¬

of South Dakota allows saysLouis Post in the Public Jt is ob-jected that the referendum is notwhat it has been cracked up to beor it would have been resorted to inthat state nut it has been resortedto and with gratifying effectivenessLast winter the republican ring triedto jam througha plundering measuro in redemption of campaign prom ¬

ises In the senate the measurepassed triumphantly and the housewas ready to rush it throughassmoothly as Quay ran the corruptfranchise bills through the legisla ¬

ture of Pennsylvania where no refer ¬

endum right is reserved to the peopIe Hilt at that point the ring metwith a sudden and decisive checkIt ran up against the referendumclause of the South Dakota constitu-tion

¬

Opponents of the corrupt meaN¬

are warned the republican lendersthat if the bill was passed a referen ¬

dum vote would be called for Thiswould have sent the measure to thepeople for approval or rejection andthe republicans dared not face suchan ordeal Orders were consequentlygiven and the tower house obedient-ly

¬

defeated the measure One beautyof the referendum was here exempli ¬

fied It is not always necessary toresort to it in order to get tin bent ¬

fits of its protection Like n goodmatch dog it may as often driveaway thieves with a growl as with abite

THE TARIFF WALL USED

Confront llrtvrenn Trunt 1rlrr ofIron nntl Steel nt Ilmne

and AttriinU

The industrial commission need notlook far to find the evidence that atleast one of the trusts the steeltrustis selling its products cheaperabroad than in this country for theBaltimore Sun says That the mon ¬

ster steel consolidation with head ¬

quarters at Pittsburgh is using thetariff welt for all it is worth iisshown by the following paragraph inthe Engineering News which knowswhat it is talking about The con-tract between trust prices for rorand steel to the home consumer andto the foreign consumer hay oftenbeen set forth but so frequently de ¬

nied that some actual figures may beor int1rJit µtr <altr Pjtcbfromr tand s a IS the Americanwire rods are offered delivered inManchester at 2930 per ton Mar-ket

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quotations in the United Statesare 3J per ton Adding cost offreights etc it is clear that the wirerod maker is netting at least 15 perton more profit from his Americancustomers than from his foreignsales It is not strange that theiron and steel magnates deprecateany interference with the tariff Thetrust no doubt effects economies ofproduction but the trust and theforeigner not the American consum ¬

ers get the benefit of cheaper pro ¬

duction The trusts naturally thinktits present tariff satisfactory butthe taxpayers object to it so long asforeigners are favored at their ex ¬

pense

OPINIONS AND POINTERS

There wont be any furtherbickerings of republicans concerningthe tariff when once the trusts havesaid their saySt Louis Republic

After all the screeching of therepublican organs the Tom Johnsonplatform for the equal taxation of rail ¬

roads with other property was adoptedbv the Ohio democratic convention

The Standard Oil trust and thesugar trust control the foreign com¬

mercial policy of this country hawing

succeeded in closing the Russian portsto most of our productions

Since the sultan of Sulu has beenplaced on our pay roll by the republic-ans

¬

he believes there must be rochange of administration The trustsand combines who also draw paythrough the protective tariff believe-

the same way-

Rathbone and Xeely have nut yetbeen brought to trial for stealing theCuban post office funds and PerryHeath is still on the Icokotit for achance to become n miKionaire and

the pillars of the temple are jeterectand standing

Greet Scott he of the nationalrepublican committee who admit shav ¬

ing written 170001etter to old soldiersduring the campaign cannot for thelife of him remember having promisedGen Sickles that Evans the pensioncommissioner should be removedThe facts are he did make the promiseto all the old veterans who demandedHannadand McKinley intended to carry it outbefore election but after election iianother matter

There would seem to be anotherfactional fight in progress among therepublicans about the future of Cubaand the tariff on her productions Oneside represented by the New YorkPress would repel and impoverishCuba the other side of which the In ¬

ter Ocean is the spokesman would pavethe way for manifest destiny whichin this case means annexation Thebeet sugar and tobacco combine mayandsit thgy do they Kill be builings in thediaeujse of cormorants

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rRELIABLER B B REV RD

Has Superior Stock of the best makesratlONEI

IIverymarket justifies

ALL GOODS GUARANTEED AS REPRESENTED

ROOFING A SPECIALTY

IIllEMalii

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BARKCTillANa KENTUCKY

Capital Stock paid in50OOOSurplus and Undivided Profits 20000

TermActsrespectfullyo

The Funds and Securities of this Bank are protected by the

Hosier Patent Screw Door SafeHas never yet been Opened by Burglars

0R TCashierLAast Cashier

HIOKMAN WAGON COASOFACTOKKKM VIP THE CELEBBATK

alCKEZGSEAXT vaAQemS a

1AN ECENTUOKYT

IITIUWFOIBMHW1 RESTORED

The weak made string by the use of NERYOTABLETS

NlnDlisTroublesKo matter how hopeless the case may scciu Astonishing and quick res-ults They supply the Nerves Brain and Blood with the most powerENaturalVitalItypcnnanently n skillful and learned reearch In

ateria classSIcaeve time used Ther rin nt the neat otltho diwte and act on thSWEAKMENandamli

WOMEN sIron and Ub ustThey hue our unqualified guarantee They surely andManhoodTiredVertigoStsuchffissslssfctwill bring the Bloom of Health to Pale Faces ndd pleasure to life We could jrivc Thouanda of Testimonials but your best way is to try them We remind the money lift curs is notPrIceWestampsLowuteSold by Cowgill do Cow ill

The Shortest Route to TexasOne reason why travelers to Texas go

via Cairo and the

Cotton Belt Rjoateis that the Cotton Belt is from

twentyfive to fifty miles shorterJhaiVtother routes 1

tJ Uhis0 saving in distancejfsia corresponding sayi Jv J ing in time

Cotton hit trains carry RimStopers at night pariot Cat Carsduring the diy and Free Chair Cartboth day and night tWrit and ittt us where you artgoing and when you will leave andwe will Aril you the exact cost o-

ft a ticket and send you a complete 1

b schedule for the trip We will alsosend yoj as letrestinj f fifth book

A Trip I o Texas S-

LT1LGYrILLWUKMNC6PMITi A SI LItti fM

Learaa Chieaio at a3u N m dallyAla TNI

CHICAGO MILWAUKEE I ST PAULRAILWAY ii-

ArrlveSt Paul at 750a vii

MiRa sMlisat3Oa m-

Th ally PtrfectJraia tlll Wsr1d i1r

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