MRA2- SeedQualitySocialScienceResearchSupport
EducationandTraininginTropicalSoy
KristinBilyeu:USDA-ARSKerryClark:UniversityofMissouri
MRA2linkingotherMRAs
• PlantBreedingandGermplasm• ProductionandAgronomy• PlantBreederEducation• UtilizationforHumanNutrition• UtilizationforLivestockNutrition• GenderImpacts• EconomicImpacts• EnvironmentalImpacts• SeedSystems
MRA2GrainandSeedQuality
FARMERIMPACTS
To improve yield and pest resistance, breeders need access to world’s germplasm collections
Soybean is out of its native element in the tropics and behaves strangely
Sets of genes interact to make soybean adapted/nonadapted to tropics: determinance, maturity, long juvenile
The interactions of these genes is an unknown frontier in soybean research
Understanding molecular genetics of soybean adaptation to tropical environments (PhD student)
Population TestingGenesA1:Jake(MGV)xParanagoianaMG?A2:JakexPI159925(MGVIII)
LongjuvenileJ/j
B1:X97 (MGIII)xPI159925B2:X97 xJenguma (SARI-Ghana)
MajormaturityE1/e1-as;Indeterminate/determinate Dt1/dt1;J/j?
C1:KB13:33[X97 xECMG0Longjuvenile]C2:KB13:34[TofuxECMG0Longjuvenile]
E1/e1-as;E2/e2,E3/e3,E4/e4,Dt1/dt1,J/j
0%1% 0%
14%
16%
33%
36%
AllPopulationsTotal:231Lines
Green:short
Green:Intermediate
Green:tall
Senescing
Mature:short
Mature:Intermediate
Mature:tall
CostaRica11o N,99days:B1line5222,maturetall
2016and2017fieldtrialsinfourGhanalocations;genotypinginUS
Soybean contains anti-nutritional factors that affect intake, availability, or metabolism of nutrients in animals. Require cooking/heating
Kunitz trypsin inhibitors significantly reduce the digestibility and utilization of amino acids.
Lectins are not broken down in the gut, attach to mucosa cells damaging the intestinal wall and reducing the absorption of nutrients.
Low Processing ‘Jenguma’ line developed with backcrossing and molecular markers
Backcrossbreeding:[JengumaxJengumax(X97-0101xJenguma)]
PerfectmarkerselectionforheterozygousKunitzTrypsinInhibitor(KTI3)andLectin(Le)eachgeneration
Currentlyyieldtesting(2locations)inGhana
75cm
CostaRica11o N
JengumaJenguma(lowprocessing)
This trait has no distinguishing characteristics from regular soybean so must be grown as identity preserved
Closed loop system between growers and poultry industry-grown under contracts
Possible construction of small scale, female-driven poultry systems where feed can be grown and processed in village
SocialScienceResearchSupport• OriginalGoal- supportsocialscienceresearchbyprovidingsoybeansuccesskitsto2of3surveyvillages
2400kitsdistributedinGhana2400kitsdistributedinMozambiqueKitsarenowbeingscaledupbySIL,IFDCandCRSSILwillprovidetrainingandqualitycontrol
• Expandedgoals• Increasedsphereofinfluenceofsoybeanaroundonesurveyvillage(GhanaandMozambique)andprovidetechnologyinput
Survey,nosoybeankit
Survey,yessoybeankit
Survey,yessoybeankit
Nosurvey,yeskits
Nosurvey,yeskits
ThreshersDoeshavingaccesstoharvesttechnologyincreaseuptakerateofsoybeanacceptanceandproduction
Doeshavingacriticalmassofsoybeangrowersinageographicareaincreaseuptakerateofsoybeanacceptanceandproduction
MRA2ExtensionandEducation
•DevelopExtensioninformationfordistributiontoagprofessionals
• Provideextensioninformationtokitrecipientsandothercommunitymembers~4000peoplereachedinGhana,4000inMozambique
• ProvidedAgronomicExpertiseforMEDAinUpperWest
• Trained150leadwomenfarmersinQualitySeedProductionwhoaffect10,000femalegrowers
• CollaboratingwithMEDAonmechanization/thresherprojects
MRA2- CollaborationwithMRA5- UtilizationforHumanNutrition • Agronomytrainingmustbe
pairedwithutilizationtraining
• AdaptedMRA5slideshowonnutritionandutilizationforsmallholdereducationinGhanaandMozambique
• WorkedwithMRA5toplannutrition/utilizationworkshopsinresearchvillagesinMozambique(600womenaffected=3000children)
NeedtocontinuecollaborationtoprovidetrainingoftrainerswithinMOFAExtension,healthworkers,NGOs
Thresher Design ContestThree U.S. and three Ghanaian Univ.
Thresher Fabrication Training- Tamale, Ghana August 1-9, 2016.
Collaborating with IFDC, ACDI-VOCA, CRS, Tamale Implement Factory, RING
Two year study planned on thresher utility, affect on agricultural practices and productivity
Marketing a Custom Smallholder Thresher Fabrication Workshop. Two SIL trainers will do either ToT or workforce training.
Extension will be made available to encourage use of harvest practices that leave residue in field to improve SOM
Smallholder Mechanization in AfricaMay 3: Webinar I: IITA and CTI threshers
Archived at http://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/improving-mechanization-african-smallholder-farmers-sil-webinar-series
June 6: Webinar II: MOST and SILhttp://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/economic-development-and-
mechanization-africa
July 6: Webinar III: Imara Tech and Purdue Universityhttp://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/improving-mechanization-african-
smallholder-farmers
August 2: Webinar IV: Cleber LLC, Oggún Tractorhttp://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/improving-mechanization-african-
smallholder-farmers-webinar-series-cleber-llc-and-oggun-tractor
Gained African licensing rights to Oggun tractor and Morrison seeder
Developing training program for manufacturers and service providers
Working on public-private partnerships to develop manufacturing of both in Africa (Senegal and Ethiopia)
Seeking partners to field test Oggun tractor in African environmental conditions