KOKODA INITIATIVE:
Social Mapping in Mountain Koiari
27th March 2012
Department of Environment and Conservation Terrestrial Ecosystems Management Branch
Papua New Guinea Government
A joint PNG-Australian government initiative for the sustainable development of the Owen Stanley Ranges, Brown River catchment and Kokoda Track region.
SM program
Department of Environment and Conservation Terrestrial Ecosystems Management Branch
Papua New Guinea Government
• Proposed in 2008 by DEC and DEWHA now DSEWPaC.
• 2008 A scoping studying was done by the Australian
National University.
• May 2009, preliminary study was carried out. Report was
submitted.
• September then November of 2010, two field trips-
Mountain Koiari LLG as the study area.
• April 2011-Ward 19-Edevu
• To date-data processing
Department of Environment and Conservation Terrestrial Ecosystems Management Branch
Papua New Guinea Government
Social Mapping?
a] The systematic collection of information on
customary social groups and the tracts of land
which they are associated with
b] How diff. people connect to the places and
spaces they occupy
c] Looks at the social landscape but may involve
the cadastral landscape as well BUT should
not confer any legal implications
d] Synonymous in the extractive industry in PNG
Joint Understanding II
Goals
Organized into groups:
(kinship, wards, religion,
occupation, age, gender,
etc.)
Interact: relate to each
other on daily basis
Persist: continuity across
generations
Change: change through
internal & external force
(JU Goals & KI activities)
Study of Human
Societies
1.Safe/well managed track
2. Enhance quality of life
for locals
3. Wise use & conservation
4. Building national/
international tourism
potential
5. Working with
communities
KI and Social mapping
Department of Environment and Conservation
Terrestrial Ecosystems Management Branch
Papua New Guinea Government
Social Mapping Program Objectives
Obtain information on;
• Identity of Landowners
• Land tenure (systems)
• Customary and political organization
• Formal organization
• Oral history
Purpose of collecting such information is to;
• Understand the nature of customary rights/interest in project area
• Provide a resource for com’ty planning and the appropriate
targeting of social development programs
• Assist with the management of biodiversity conservation
• Assist with cultural heritage management
• Assist with the implementation of REDD
• Document the com’ty groups/legal entities which exist within the
Study area and where possible the entire Initiative Area
2010-2011-Study Area
Ward 17 Efogi -Efogi
1 &2, Enivilogo,
Haelogo
Ward 18
Manari-
Manari,
Loni,
Naoro 1 &
2, Ebologo
Madilogo,
Ward 16
Boridi –
Maraba,
Daoi, Boridi,
Milei,
Manumu
Ward 15 Kagi
Kagi & Naduri
SM & Mt Koiari
• SM field work has covered a total of 5
wards (Koiari Rural), i.e:18 villages with 1
villages left
• Mt Koiari-rugged terrains, villages ~2 to
6km apart
• Predominantly SDAs
• Speak Koiari
• Socially isolated till 1950s
Social Mapping Approach
3 fieldworks spanning 1-2 weeks each resulting in an overwhelming
amount of data
– Community Entry-via advance information sheet/track radio
announcement & follow up on arrival @ village with a community
forum
▪ Purpose: apart from com’ty entry becomes a means of
obtaining CONSENT to conduct SM basically FPIC
▪ Informal Means/gestures of Consent; welcome songs, welcome
notices, trad dancing, com’ty welcome parade, gift/lace
presenting
▪ Formal consent seek through forum
Intensive structured/non structured interview
▪ Genealogies, history, myths, trad tributaries, local Mt names etc
General observations and photography
Cultural sites,
artefacts etc
Data collection: Illustration
Data collection and type
Haelogo Population since1949
Department of Environment and Conservation Terrestrial Ecosystems Management Branch
Papua New Guinea Government
Year Tot.pop Pop Diff
1949 92
1953 84 -8
1955 91 +7
1956 100 +9
1958 102 +2
1959 102 00
1960 92 +10
1963 96 +4
1968 109 +13
1969 105 -4
2000 54 -51
2010 56 +2
‘James Fewtrell with 103-year-old Fuzzy Wuzzy Angel, Ovuru Ndiki’
Genealogical Data analysis
Using SM software-
”Commty Express
Analysis by location
and sex
Mapping the
descendents 1958 Tax census
Findings: An Insight
• Proportion people from Koiari who are non
residents/absentees from each village covered is
as high as 75 %
• The principal factors driving emigration include
weak income generating prospects, lack of health
services, poor access to primary schooling, and
lack of access to a high school.
• Service access gets weaker as you move a way
from the Kokoda Track corridor
.
LOCAL ORGANISATION
• Local-level governments
• Ward make up-homogeneous vs.
heterogeneous (isolated)
• Special Purposes Authorities wards-4 plus 1non
SPA ward
• Landowner companies & business groups
(Ongoing Search)
• Incorporated associations (ongoing)
• Incorporated Land Groups (ongoing)
• Trekking Industry for the track villages
Other projects & IPZ
IPZ
Vabari
proposed
Agro Forestry
Binige Agro
Forestry
Program status
Current study
• Genealogy data- data entry 80% complete
• Oral history-80%
• Archival search-continuous
• Final report-draft
To be done
• Madilogo
• Follow up field work-Port Moresby Koiari
• Kokoda SM-planning
The Experience
• While there are studies that look at the
importance of the track from an Australian
and Japanese point of view, the
significance of the Kokoda Track to the
people of Papua New Guinea also needs
to assessed.
• One challenge is to record the oral
histories of the remaining few carriers who
are still alive in PNG and to record the
shared experiences of the villages at war.
Department of Environment and Conservation Terrestrial Ecosystems Management Branch
Papua New Guinea Government
THANK YOU
Elton KAITOKAI
Program Officer
Phone: 3014500
Email: [email protected]
www.dec.gov.pg