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Take up Darfur Now
Peace and violence continued
Just War Theory Introduction
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Violencelove/hate Where do you see a
fascination with or
interest in violence?
Fans love violence
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Violence what is it? Violence refers to harming or destroying the
well-being or existence of a person, group or
community. The harm is not restricted tophysical action; it can also be spiritual or
psychological. Violence touches every level
of human relationships, from the personal
to the global, including our treatment of the
earth.
Write this down
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Is it permissible to fight for the Righteous?
Can good come from evil?
Who decides when war is justified?
By what criteria do they judge a war?
Does God bless conflict?
Why does God suffer death and
destruction in His name?
Is war about justice or destruction?
What is a just war?
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Just War Theory St. Augustine, a 4th Century Doctor of the Church,
set the bar very high. War should be the last, not
first resort of nations. Many of his views are said to
have influenced Thomas Aquinas, whose writingson the subject have come to be known as the "Just
War Theory." As the Coalition powers continuetheir war of attrition with insurgents in Iraq, the
Catholic Church and other religious denominationsare expressing strong reservations on the moralityof these actions.
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Just War Theory theory from Doctors of the Church
St. Augustine, St. Thomas Aquinas
theory set out by Aquinas to make war andhuman dignity in war moral necessities
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In the name of God
money
revenge power
hatred
Wars throughout history
For centuries, different religions, cultures and countries have
waged war for a variety of reasons:
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List as many virtuous reasons to start a war as possible.
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Operation Overlord beginsJune 6, 1944. The Allies
fight to reclaim France from Nazi Germany.
Just Cause:force may be used only to correct agrave, public evil, i.e., aggression or massive
violation of the basic rights of whole populations
B le ssed be the Lo rd mys t r eng th , m y r oc k , w ho t r a i n sm y hands f o r ba t t l e , my f i nge r sf o r wa r .
Psalm 144:1
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A class poll
How many agree or disagree with the
following statement?
Direct annihilation of the enemys forces
must always be the dominantconsideration. Karl Von Klausewitz, 19th Century Philosopher
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Proportionality: all
subsequent conflict must
be proportional to the
original damage inflicted;i.e. torture cannot be used
in a war, nor nuclear
weapons. Also, only
enemy combatants should
be fired upon. Civilians
should not be harmed in
any way.
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Probability of Success:Arms may not be used in a futile cause or in
a case where disproportionate measures are
required to achieve success.
War is acceptable only when there is a strong
chance of imminent victory and minimal
casualties.
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A militia group in Nepaldispatches with a rival faction.The group acts as judge, jury
and executioner.
White supremacists express theiradmiration for Hitler and declare
a war of racial purification.
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At the turn of the 20th
Century, a lynch mob
prepares to dispense
justice
The grim result of vigilante
justice
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In Los Angeles the Crips and the
Bloods battle for territory and
supremacy.
Hundreds die each year.
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Legitimate Authority:
Only a duly constituted public authority; i.e. a nations military
or reserve units, may use deadly force or wage war. No vigilante
or militia groups are morally justified to fight private wars.
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Last Resort
War is only acceptable when all other
peaceful means have been exhausted;
i.e. diplomacy, sanctions, referenda
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I t i s easi e r t o m ake w ar than to mak e peace .Georges Clemenceau
What could a country or coalition do before engaging in combat?
Diplomacycountries meet in a neutrallocation; i.e. UN headquarters, andattempt to solve conflict peacefully
Trade embargo/economicsanctionsa group of countrieswithhold vital goods and services toforce the offending country to comply
with the general will.
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I f the re m ust be t roub le , l e t it be in m y day ,tha t m y ch i ld m ay have peace .
Thomas Paine
Perhaps, in time, humanity will grow beyond itsinfancy and realize a lasting peace. Until then, thefighting will continue.
B lessed a re thepeacem ake r s , fo rthey sh a l l be ca l l edch i l d ren o f God .
Matthew 5:9
Peace I l eave w i thyou; my peace Ig i ve to you .Donot l e t your hea r t sbe t r oub l ed , and dono t l e t them bea f ra id .
John 14:27
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7. Is war about justice or destruction?
Choose any three questions and write 3-4 sentence responses for each.
1. Is it permissable to fight for a righteous cause?
2. Can good come from evil?
3. Who decides when war is justified?
4. By what criteria is a war judged?
5. Does God bless conflict?
6. Why does God suffer death and destruction in His name?
8. Is the use of torture in war a necessary evil?
9. Should a war be fought if there is no hope of victory?
10. Is a war that lasts many years, with thousands of casualties, a success?
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Countering injustice
The prayer of St. Francis of Assisi
Reflect upon the prayer
What is St. Francis response to injustice? Writing your own prayer for peace
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Journal entry
Write a journal entry (not to be handedin)are you at peace with yourself,others, friends, family, or other groups of
people.
What steps would you use in order tocreate a climate of peace in theirparticular situation?