Download - JCOP FW Training Course - CERN
JCOP FW Training Course
30 June – 4 July 2014
EN-ICE
Front-End technologies 2
Location and Time Schedule
ScheduleTuesday–Friday: 09:00-12:30
14:00-17:30
Monday: 14:00-17:30
Location
Building:Training Center 593-572Room #25
Front-End technologies 3
Course Outline Overview
� Front-end technologies� DCS Architecture� DIP basics� OPC basics� PLC overview� Summary
� PVSS JCOP FW� PVSS basics
� Use of JCOP FW
Tuesday-Friday
Today
Front-End technologies 4
FE Technologies
DCS Architecture
EN/ICE-SIC
Ben Farnham / Ivan Prieto Barreirohttp://cern.ch/EN-ICE
Front-End technologies 5
FE Technologies- DCS
� Expectations
� Architecture
� Layers and responsibilities (High and low level data)
� Technologies
� Follow -up
Front-End technologies 6
� Operational point of view:
� Continuous control and monitoring of field elements and processes.
� Deals with the dynamic aspects of the System.
� Manages low and high -level data.
FE Technologies- Expectations (1/2)
Front-End technologies 7
� Architectural point of view:
� Reliability
� Availability
� Operability
� Flexibility / Extensibility / Maintainability
� Security
FE Technologies- Expectations (2/2)
Front-End technologies 8
FE Technologies- Architecture
Supervision
ProcessManagement
FieldManagement
Experimental equipment
LAN
WAN
Storage
Oth
er
sys
tem
s
(LH
C,
Safe
ty,
...)
Configuration DB,
Archives,
Log files, etc.
Controller/
PLC VME
Field Bus
LAN
Node Node
Front-End technologies 9
FE Technologies- Follow -up
Supervision
Experimental equipment
LAN
WAN
Storage
Oth
er
sys
tem
s
(LH
C,
Safe
ty,
...)
Controller/
PLC VME
Field Bus
LAN
Node Node
ProcessManagement
FieldManagement
Sensors/devices
Field buses & Nodes
PLC/UNICOS
OPC
Communication Protocols
SCADA
VME
FSM
Commercial Custom
DIPConfiguration DB,
Archives,
Log files, etc.
DIM
Front-End technologies 10
FE Technologies
DIP Overview
EN/ICE-SIC
Ben Farnham / Ivan Prieto Barreiro
http://cern.ch/EN-ICE/DIP+and+DIM
Front-End technologies 11
FE Technologies- DIP middleware
� Integration and role in DCS Architecture
� DIP Principles (Development bricks and dynamic aspects)
� Pros and Cons
� DIP Browser demo
Front-End technologies 12
DIP- Integration and role in DCS
Supervision
LAN
WAN
Experimental equipment
Oth
er
sys
tem
s
(LH
C,
Safe
ty,
...)
Controller/
PLC VME
Field Bus
LAN
Node Node
ProcessManagement
FieldManagement Experimental equipment
E.g. DCS E.g. Access control
LAN
DIP
Front-End technologies 13
DIP- Introduction
� Lightweight and simple data orientedpublish/subscribe communication protocol.
� Meant for high-level (real-time) data.
� “Soft” Data contract between publishers and subscribers.
� Data carried consists of primitive types (including arrays and structures of.), quality and timestamp.
� Portable C++ and Java API, provided for Linux (SLC6) and Windows platforms.
Front-End technologies 14
DIP- Principles : Development bricks
� DIP Runtime, to be used by custom logic to publish and subscribe to DIP data.
� DIP Name Server (DNS), to maintain the mapping between the data being published and the publishers.
� That's all, any DIP “application” rely only on these 2 components.
Front-End technologies 15
DIP- Principles : Dynamic aspects
NET
DIP Name
Server (DNS)
DIP API
Manager
(PVSS)
DIP Runtime
PS BDIP Runtime
PlantManager
PS B
Browser logic
DIP Runtime
PS B
Subscribe to
“PlantStatus” dataPublish “PlantStatus”
data
“PlantStatus” published
by “PlantManager”
Server
Front-End technologies 16
DIP- Pros and Cons
� Pros:
� A very easy to use data distribution mechanism.
� Enforces decoupling between interconnected systems.
� Support for multiple platforms. And tooling available ( PVSS API Manager, DIP Browser…)
� Cons:
� No high level services (built –in fault tolerance, security, transaction, …).
� A non industry -standard middleware.
Front-End technologies 17
DIP- Browser Demo
Front-End technologies 18
FE Technologies
OPC Overview
EN/ICE-SIC
Ben Farnham / Ivan Prieto Barreiro
http://cern.ch/EN-ICE/OPC+Support
Front-End technologies 19
OPC- outline
� Integration and role in DCS Architecture
� OPC Data Access
� Principles
� Pros and Cons
� Demo with real hardware
Front-End technologies 20
OPC- integration and role in DCS
Supervision
Experimental equipment
LAN
WAN
Storage
Oth
er
sys
tem
s
(LH
C,
Safe
ty,
...)
Controller/
PLC VME
Field Bus
LAN
Node Node
ProcessManagement
FieldManagement
Configuration DB,
Archives,
Log files, etc.
OPC
Front-End technologies 21
Dev. Type
2
Client 1 Client 2 Client 3 Client 4
OPC- Why do we need OPC?
Dev. Type
1
modbus CANbus
Front-End technologies 22
Dev. Type
1
Client 1 Client 2 Client 3 Client 4
OPC
Dev. Type
2
OPC
OPC- Solution: Middleware
modbus canbus
Front-End technologies 23
OPC- Concepts and Terminology
� Overview
� Component model
� Overview
� Client/Server Communication
� Address space and data Model
Front-End technologies 24
OPC- Client/Server relation
OPC Client
Process data
OPC Server
OPC Client
Process data
OPC Server
Front-End technologies 25
OPC- Data Model
Process data
OPC Server
OPC Client
OPC Group
OPC itemOPC itemOPC item
OPC Group OPC Group
OPC Client
OPC itemOPC item OPC item
Front-End technologies 26
OPC- Data Model
Process data
OPC Server
OPC Client
OPC Group
OPC itemOPC itemOPC item
OPC Group OPC Group
OPC Client
OPC itemOPC itemOPC item
OPC item
An OPC group influences on:• When a device is accessed
• How data is packaged and sent to a client• How frequently a client is informed of data changes
OPC Item propertiesName: OnType: BoolValue: TrueQuality: GoodTimestamp: 22/1/09 09.04.49Etc.
OPC item OPC item
Front-End technologies 27
OPC- Data Discovery (Browsing)
Pressure
Temperature
Power
Dev1
Dev2
PLC1
Dev1
Rack
Front-End technologies 28
� 3 types of access
� Read/Write on request: any number of items from a same OPC group on one request.
� Synchronous/Asynchronous� Device/Cache (reading only)
� Subscription reads: values sent by the server on change.� Update rate� Dead band
� Refresh
� Flags� Time stamp and quality
OPC- Data access mechanisms
Front-End technologies 29
OPC- Specifications
� OPC-DA (Data Access)� Provides access to real-time data.
� OPC-HDA (Historical Data Access) � Used to retrieve historical process data for analysis.
� OPC-AE (Alarms & Events) � OPC AE servers are used to exchange and acknowledge process alarms and
events.
� OPC-XML (XML Data Access) � Defines schema and data representation format based upon XML standard.
� OPC Unified Architecture (Under adoption in the industry)� Cross -platform, new functionality and new security strategy, not
compatible with current DA OPC servers and clients.
Front-End technologies 30
OPC- Tools
� COTS OPC DA servers� PLCs (Siemens, Schneider, Wago)� Devices (CAEN, ISEG, Wiener)
� Custom OPC DA servers� Standard ELMB
� OPC toolkits and tools� Softing (commercial)� Matrikon (commercial)� Matrikon client/server (free)� Iconics free OPC client
Front-End technologies 31
OPC- Pros and Cons� Pros
� Strong industry support
� Flexibility (dead band, groups, etc..)
� Extensibility of system
� Standard interface.
� Many tools available for free
� Cons� Windows platform
� DCOM settings
� Dev effort required for custom OPC server
� Licenses/Cost
Front-End technologies 32
OPC Client
PVSS II
CAEN OPC server
SIEMENS OPC server
WIENER OPC server
Physical devices
CAENWiener
Ethernet
Remote PC
Local PC
PLC SM 300VME crate UEP 6021
PS SY1527
OPC- architecture examples
SIEMENS
Front-End technologies 33
Physical devices
CAEN
Local PC
PS SY2527
OPC- Demo with real hardware
OPC server“caen”
OPC Client“Matrikon”
Front-End technologies 34
Break !
PLC
� Programmable Logic Controller
� Designed for industrial processes.
� Works under severe conditions.
� Real time system.
� Handles sensors and actuators (I/O).
PLC- Overview
� Process control
� Collects inputs (digital, analog)
� Runs the process control
� Basic logic functions
� Complex algorithms (PID…)
� Safety functions
� Produces actions (outputs)
� Provides data to the supervision layer
PLC- Functions
� Reliable. Used for safety systems.
� Robust. Resistant to electrical noise, vibration, impact, dust, heat.
� Extensive range of inputs/outputs.
� Extensive range of functionalities.
� Long term support.
� Long life, around 30 years.
PLC- Strength
� Limited memory.
� Complex programming environment.
� Different programming languages from different manufacturers.
PLC- Weak points
PLC- Hardware Overview
ETHERNET TCP/IP
INDUSTRIAL FIELDBUS
REMOTE I/O
PLC
SENSORS/ACTUATORS
DIRECT WIRING
Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionSCADA
� Device which converts the signal from one form to another.
� Sensors� Analog: Temperature, pressure, humidity, level,
flow, weight…� Digital: Level, pushbutton (emergency stop),
position switch, photoelectric sensor…
� Actuators� Analog: valve, pump, heater, power supply…� Digital: Signaling column, contactor, electro valve,
switch, OnOff pump…
PLC- Sensors / actuators
PLC- Hardware Overview
ETHERNET TCP/IP
INDUSTRIAL FIELDBUS
REMOTE I/O
PLC
SENSORS/ACTUATORS
DIRECT WIRING
Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionSCADA
� Communication modules
� I/O Modules.
� Convert physical value into numeric value and vice versa.
� Function modules.
PLC- Periphery stations
� Analog
� 16-bit signed from -32768 to 32767.
� Inputs: Resistance, Current, Voltage, thermocouple…
� Outputs: Current, voltage.
� Digital
� 1-bit
� Inputs: 120v-230v AC, 24v DC
� Outputs: Relay, 120v-230v AC, 24v-48v-125v DC.
PLC- Input / Output modules
� PID control
� Flow
� Camera controllers
� Numerical controllers
� Counters
� Positioning
PLC- Function modules
� Ethernet
� Profibus
� CAN
� Point to Point
� Serial RS 232, RS 485
� AS-Interface
� Modbus…
PLC- Communication modules
PLC- Hardware Overview
ETHERNET TCP/IP
INDUSTRIAL FIELDBUS
REMOTE I/O
PLC
SENSORS/ACTUATORS
DIRECT WIRING
Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionSCADA
� Industrial Network System
� Provides the PLC with I/Os
� Time deterministic.
PLC- FieldBus. Overview
� Controls multiple I/Os
� Saves cabling costs
� Safety compliant
PLC- FieldBus. Strength
� Sensitive to electromagnetic noise.
� Specific installation rules.
� Several different (incompatible) fieldbus standards.
PLC- FieldBus. Weak points
� Profibus� Industry leader. 14 million nodes.
� WorldFip� Robust (radiation resistant)
� CAN. CANOpen. CANBus� Low cost� Easy to implement� Used for ELMB at CERN
� ProfinetIO� Interbus integrated (Phoenix Contact).� Ethernet based fieldbus
PLC- FieldBus. Standards
PLC- Profibus. Technical data
� Standard PROFIBUS EN 50 170
� Access Token ring . Master-Slave
� Transmission rate 9.6 kbit/s - 12 Mbit/s
� Transmission technology electric: Shielded cooper pair twisted cable
optic: fiberoptics (cristal and plastic)
wireless: infrared and radio
� Nodes 127 maximun
� Network lenght electric: 9.6 km maximun
optic: 150 km maximun
� Topology Daisy Chain, tree, star, ring, redundant ring
� Used for Process communication, data transfer
PLC- Profibus
PROFIBUS
Active nodes. Master
Passive nodes. Slaves.
PLCPLCPC
PLC- Hardware Overview
ETHERNET TCP/IP
INDUSTRIAL FIELDBUS
REMOTE I/O
PLC
SENSORS/ACTUATORS
DIRECT WIRING
Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionSCADA
PLC- Supported at CERN
Siemens
CERN-SIEMENS B1130A/GEN 31-12-1999
Schneider
CERN-SCHNEIDER. B1129/GEN 12-11-1999
PLC- Siemens
� S7 200 (low range)
� Compact
� Low cost
� Small systems
PLC- Siemens
� S7 300 (medium range)� Modular� Wide range of IOs� Widely used� Limited memory� Limited range of fieldbuses
PLC- Siemens
� S7 400 (high range)� Redundant architecture
� Large memory
� High performance
PLC- Schneider
� Medium range (PREMIUM)
� Around 1 Mbyte
� Open to fieldbus
� Large choice of IO
� High range (QUANTUM)
� Few Mbytes.
� Bigger library of functions
WriteOutputs
Read InputsOS
communicationtasks
USERAPPLICATION
(timeconsuming)
Cycle time
5-500 msec
Process Cycle
PLC- Processor
PLC- Memory access, IO access
Internal 16 bits IO devices are mapped in Data area a memory.
%MW120
0
N
word
Real%MF137
%IW0.2.3
%QW0.2.3
Input word
Output word
%I0.6.3.1
%Q0.7.3.6
Input Boolean
Output Boolean
Access to The Module
Channel in The Module
Bit in the Channel
%Q0.7.3.6 := TRUE;%QW0.2.3 := 16#0F00;%MW100 := 12;
120
137138
PLC- Programming languages
� Traditional ladder logic is an easy-to-use graphical programming language that implements relay-equivalent symbol. Intuitive. Limited functionalities.
PLC- Programming languages
� STL: Statement List / Instruction List -Fastest possible logic execution. Low level language (similar to assembly language)
PLC- Programming languages
� FBD : Function Block Diagram
PLC- Programming languages
� ST: Structured Text - Equations, table manipulation, complex algorithms (If/Then)
PLC- Programming languages
� SFC : Sequential Function Chart -A graphical method of representing a sequential control system (stepper).
� Siemens : Simatic Step7 v5.4� Modular
� Wide range of functionalities
� Diagnostic tools
� Network configuration
� Schneider : UNITY Pro v4.0� Easy to manage
� Visualization facilities
PLC- Programming software tools
PLC- Hardware Overview
ETHERNET TCP/IP
INDUSTRIAL FIELDBUS
REMOTE I/O
PLC
SENSORS/ACTUATORS
DIRECT WIRING
Supervisory Control And Data AcquisitionSCADA
� Ehternet TCP IP.
� Big amount of data transfer.
� Non deterministic.
� Big data transfer rates.
� S7 Driver on TCP IP. Siemens.
� Modbus Driver on TCP IP. Schneider.
� OPC.
PLC- SCADA communication
� Framework to build control systems� UNified Industrial COntrol System� Started for LHC cryogenics industrial controls
Offers General-purpose features:� Standard way to modelize object – oriented applications.� Provides library of objects for PVSS and PLC.� Each object has its functionality defined in PLC and represented
in PVSS.� Communication between PVSS and Front-End is also provided.� In PVSS, Synoptics, Navigation,Trending, Archiving, Alarm and
Event lists are provided.� Easy development/evolution by operators/users.� Less work as possible for the application developer.� Used successfully in non-cryogenics control applications
� With PLCs Schneider/SIEMENS (LHC Gas Control System)� and LynxOS/Linux FESA front-ends
UNICOS - A CERN approach
UNICOS - Application Basic components
PLC
UNICOS FW
UNICOS objectlibrary
UNICOS SCADA Middleware
Supervision
UNICOS PLC Middleware
- Graphical components (Widgets / Faceplates)- Navigation tools- Objects explorer- Trends and alarms handling- Access control
PLC- UNICOS. Generic device appearance.
Mode
AlarmData quality
Body
Selection
Device selected
Mouse over
Device selected
mouse over
Device selected
by another Console:
No action possible
Right Click
PLC- UNICOS. PVSS screen layout
Contextual area Last received messages (Last) Device selectedRemaining
Select time
Configuration/
Management
menus Current user,
date & timeAlert row
Panel, trend horizontal navigation
(as Web Browsing)
UNICOS utilities:
WindowTree, TrendTree
AlarmList, EventList, etc.
Front-End technologies 74
Summary- EN-ICE Services
� CERN-wide support� Field buses, PLC� DIP, OPC, CANbus
� What we provide� Architecture and design recommendations� List of recommended tools/cards � Validation of new commercial software versions� Maintenance of custom software� “Hands On” facility for you to practice� “Show Case” facility as a demonstrator
Front-End technologies 76
FE-Technologies- Summary
� Technologies seen
� EN-ICE Support
� What comes next..
Front-End technologies 77
FE Technologies- TechnologiesSupervision
Experimental equipment
LAN
PLC
VME
Field Bus
Process
Sensors/devices
Field buses & Nodes
PLC
OPC
SCADA
Unix systems
DIM
FSM
Custom
Client ServerProfinet Modus Subscriber
CERN
API/DriverOPC DIM DIP
Servers
DIP Publisher
DIP Publisher
Server
Manufacturers
I. ProtocolsOther systems
(LHC, Safety, ...)
Scada
Communications
Commercial Custom
DIM/DIP
Front-End technologies 78
Summary- EN-ICE Services
� First-line support for research sector� Field buses, PLC, DIP, DIM
� CERN-wide support� DIP, OPC, CANbus
� What we provide� Architecture and design recommendations� List of recommended tools/cards � Validation of new commercial software versions� Maintenance of custom software� “Hands On” facility for you to practice� “Show Case” facility as a demonstrator
Front-End technologies 80
Location and Time Schedule
ScheduleTuesday–Friday: 09:00-12:30
14:00-17:30
Monday: 14:00-17:30
Location
Building:Training Center 593-572Room #25