Japan Fund for Information andCommunication Technology
Annual Report 2011
Printed on recycled paper
Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology
The Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology, established by the Government of Japan and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in July 2001, aimed to help ADB’s developing member countries improve their ICT capacities, and thus accelerate social and economic development, improve governance, and reduce poverty in the Asia and Pacific region. From a contribution of about $10 million from the Government of Japan, the fund was able to support 13 projects which are now all physically completed.
About the Asian Development Bank
ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.8 billion people who live on less than $2 a day, with 903 million struggling on less than $1.25 a day. ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration.
Based in Manila, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region. Its main instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance.
Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City1550 Metro Manila, Philippineswww.adb.org
Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City1550 Metro Manila, Philippineswww.adb.org
Printed in the Philippines
Japan Fund for Information andCommunication Technology
Annual Report 2011
Printed on recycled paper
© 2012 Asian Development Bank
All rights reserved. Published in 2012.Printed in the Philippines.
ISBN 978-92-9092-848-5 (Print), 978-92-9092-849-2 (PDF)Publication Stock No. RPT124989
Cataloging-In-Publication Data
Asian Development Bank. Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology: Annual report 2011.Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2012.
1. Information and communication technology. 2. Asian Development Bank. I. Asian Development Bank.
Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the data used in this publication. Variations in data in ADB publications often result from different publication dates, although differences may also come from source and interpretation of data. ADB accepts no responsibility from any consequence of their use.
By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
ADB encourages printing or copying information exclusively for personal and noncommercial use with proper acknowledgment of ADB. Users are restricted from reselling, redistributing, or creating derivative works for commercial purposes without the express, written consent of ADB.
Note:In this publication, “$” refers to US dollars.
6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City1550 Metro Manila, PhilippinesTel +63 2 632 4444Fax +63 2 636 2444www.adb.org
For orders, please contact: Department of External RelationsFax +63 2 636 [email protected]
CONTENTS Page
I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. BACKGROUND 1
III. OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS 1
APPENDIXES 1. Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology 2011
Audit Report and Financial Statements 2. Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology
Grants and Implementation Status (as of 31 December 2011) 3. Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology
Status of Disbursements (as of 31 December 2011)
3
15
19
ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank DMC – developing member country ICT – information and communication technology JFICT – Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology
NOTE
In this report, “$” refers to US dollars.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.
I. INTRODUCTION
1. This annual report on the Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology (JFICT) covers January to December 2011. It describes JFICT’s background and rationale, implementation progress, and achievements.
II. BACKGROUND
2. Countries that bridge the digital divide—transforming themselves from information-poor to information-rich countries by harnessing information and communication technology (ICT)—can look forward to faster economic growth and improvements in human welfare and governance. The JFICT was established in July 2001 to help the developing member countries (DMCs) of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) improve their ICT capacities, and thereby accelerate social and economic development, improve governance, and reduce poverty in Asia and the Pacific. 3. The JFICT (i) supports ICT-related activities in DMCs that promote ADB’s poverty reduction strategy and related development aims, (ii) encourages private sector participation in ICT development, and (iii) improves regional and international cooperation through ICT applications. 4. The JFICT supports activities that cannot normally be financed through ADB loans and credit mechanisms. The fund finances (i) the purchase of ICT equipment and services, (ii) software development, (iii) technical assistance, and (iv) the development of equity and/or fund investment approaches. Typical activities include the following:
(i) Creation or improvement of an environment in DMCs conducive to ICT development, such as policy initiatives to develop ICT infrastructure and human resource capacity (e.g., the JFICT could be used to assess the readiness of DMCs for ICT, improve policies and systems, and enhance human resources).
(ii) Establishment of a center for learning, information, communication, and
knowledge for Asia and the Pacific. 5. In October 2001, the Government of Japan contributed ¥1.27 billion (about $10 million) to the JFICT. The JFICT’s audited financial statements as of 31 December 2011 are in Appendix 1.
III. OVERVIEW OF OPERATIONS
6. JFICT financing totaling $10.43 million has been approved for 13 projects. The JFICT provided a total of $0.68 million for two grant projects in 2002. Six projects for a total of $6.35 million were approved in 2004, followed by three projects in 2005 with funding of $2.43 million. In 2006, two projects were approved for a total of $0.97 million. 7. The original contribution of $10 million to JFICT by the Government of Japan has been fully committed. ADB continues to administer the remaining funds from the JFICT’s investment income to support project administration costs, such as the cost of supervision missions and the hiring of staff consultants.
2 2
8. In 2011, the Upgrading of ICT and MIS at the Agriculture Promotion Bank project1 was financially completed. All projects are already physically completed, while one project2 remains to be financially completed in 2012. 9. The status of implementation of the JFICT projects is in Appendix 2, and the JFICT disbursement report by ADB’s Controllers Department is in Appendix 3.
1 ADB. 2006. Proposed Sector Development Program Loans, Technical Assistance Grant, and Administration
of Grant Assistance from the Japan Fund for Poverty Reduction and the Japan Fund for Information and Communications Technology for Lao People’s Democratic Republic: Rural Finance Sector Development Program. Manila. (JFICT 9096-LAO, $472,000).
2 ADB. 2005. Grant Assistance for Empowering the Rural Areas through Community e-Centers under the South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Program. Manila (JFICT 9068-REG, $1,000,000)
Appendix 1 3 Appendix 1 3
JAPAN FUND FOR INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY 2011 AUDIT
REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
4 Appendix 14 Appendix 1
Appendix 1 5 Appendix 1 5
6 Appendix 16 Appendix 1
Appendix 1 7 Appendix 1 7
8 Appendix 18 Appendix 1
Appendix 1 9 Appendix 1 9
10 Appendix 110 Appendix 1
Appendix 1 11 Appendix 1 11
12 Appendix 112 Appendix 1
Appendix 1 13 Appendix 1 13
14 Appendix 114 Appendix 1
Appendix 2 15
Appendix 2 15
JAPA
N F
UN
D F
OR
INFO
RM
ATI
ON
AN
D C
OM
MU
NIC
ATI
ON
TEC
HN
OLO
GY
G
rant
s an
d Im
plem
enta
tion
Stat
us
As
of 3
1 D
ecem
ber 2
011
JFIC
T Ti
tle
Sect
or
Su
bsec
tor
Gra
nt
($ m
illion
)
App
rova
l of
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of J
apan
AD
B
App
rova
l Im
plem
enta
tion
Stat
usa
Obj
ectiv
e
A.
Vie
t Nam
1.
902
0 E
lect
roni
c H
ealth
Insu
ranc
e M
embe
rshi
p C
ard
Hea
lth a
nd
soci
al p
rote
ctio
n H
ealth
fina
nce
0.50
30
Jul
y 20
02
12
Sep
tem
ber
2002
A
Faci
litat
e th
e ex
pans
ion
of
heal
th in
sura
nce
to p
rovi
de
timel
ier a
nd b
ette
r hea
lth
care
ser
vice
s to
the
ru
ral p
oor.
B.
Reg
iona
l
2.
902
9 D
evel
opm
ent o
f a B
usin
ess
Pla
n fo
r a C
ente
r for
Le
arni
ng, I
nfor
mat
ion,
C
omm
unic
atio
n, a
nd
Kno
wle
dge
for A
sia
and
th
e P
acifi
c
Edu
catio
n E
duca
tion
sect
or
deve
lopm
ent
0.18
22
Oct
ober
20
02
19
Dec
embe
r 20
02
A
(AD
B is
the
EA
, no
LO
A re
quire
d)
Sha
re A
DB
and
AD
BI’s
ex
tens
ive
body
of
deve
lopm
ent k
now
ledg
e in
A
sia
and
the
Pac
ific
with
D
MC
s, a
nd d
evel
opm
ent
partn
ers.
3.
904
1 A
sian
Bon
ds O
nlin
e W
eb S
ite
Fina
nce
Mon
ey a
nd
capi
tal m
arke
ts
2.40
26
Dec
embe
r 20
03
16 J
anua
ry
2004
A
(A
DB
is th
e E
A,
no L
OA
requ
ired)
Esta
blis
h a
one-
stop
cl
earin
ghou
se o
f inf
orm
atio
n on
sov
erei
gn a
nd c
orpo
rate
bo
nds
issu
ed in
the
mem
ber
coun
tries
of A
SE
AN
plu
s P
eopl
e’s
Rep
ublic
of C
hina
, Ja
pan,
and
Rep
ublic
of
Kor
ea (A
SE
AN
+ 3
). 4.
9
047
Impr
ovin
g P
oor F
arm
ers’
Li
velih
oods
thro
ugh
Ric
e In
form
atio
n Te
chno
logy
Agric
ultu
re a
nd
natu
ral
reso
urce
s A
gric
ultu
ral
prod
uctio
n an
d m
arke
ts
1.00
3
Febr
uary
20
04
4 Ju
ne
2004
A
Im
prov
e fo
od s
ecur
ity a
nd
livel
ihoo
d of
poo
r far
mer
s in
th
e G
reat
er M
ekon
g Su
breg
ion
thro
ugh
wid
er
appl
icat
ion
of a
gric
ultu
ral
info
rmat
ion
acce
ssib
le to
all
farm
ers.
16 Appendix 2
16 Appendix 2
JFIC
T Ti
tle
Sect
or
Su
bsec
tor
Gra
nt
($ m
illion
)
App
rova
l of
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of J
apan
AD
B
App
rova
l Im
plem
enta
tion
Stat
usa
Obj
ectiv
e
5.
905
1 D
evel
opin
g a
Dat
abas
e on
C
ross
-Bor
der T
rade
and
In
vest
men
t in
BIM
P-E
AG
A
Indu
stry
and
tra
de
Trad
e an
d se
rvic
es
0.30
7
May
200
4 2
July
200
4 A
(A
DB
is th
e E
A,
no L
OA
requ
ired)
Sup
port
the
parti
cipa
ting
coun
tries
in re
vita
lizin
g an
d su
stai
ning
eco
nom
ic
coop
erat
ion
by e
stab
lishi
ng
inst
itutio
nal a
nd te
chni
cal
infra
stru
ctur
e fo
r qu
antit
ativ
e pl
anni
ng a
nd
mon
itorin
g.
6.
9068
E
mpo
wer
ing
the
Rur
al A
reas
th
roug
h C
omm
unity
e-
Cen
ters
und
er th
e
Sout
h As
ia S
ubre
gion
al
Econ
omic
Coo
pera
tion
Prog
ram
Tran
spor
t and
IC
T IC
T
1.00
31
May
200
5 5
July
200
5 A
R
educ
e po
verty
, em
pow
er
com
mun
ities
, and
impr
ove
the
qual
ity o
f life
in ru
ral
area
s in
Ban
glad
esh,
B
huta
n, In
dia,
and
Nep
al
thro
ugh
incr
ease
d IC
T co
nnec
tivity
and
ac
cess
ibili
ty.
C.
Lao
Peo
ple’
s D
emoc
ratic
Rep
ublic
7.
905
0 Ba
nkin
g Au
tom
atio
n to
S
uppo
rt O
utre
ach,
Effi
cien
cy
and
Gov
erna
nce
Fina
nce
Ban
king
sy
stem
s
0.65
12
Feb
ruar
y 20
04
22 J
une
2004
A
R
educ
e po
verty
in a
su
stai
nabl
e w
ay b
y br
idgi
ng
the
digi
tal d
ivid
e be
twee
n La
o PD
R te
chno
logy
-de
ficie
nt b
anki
ng s
yste
m
and
othe
r cou
ntrie
s in
the
regi
on.
8.
909
6 U
pgra
ding
of I
CT
and
MIS
at
the
Agr
icul
ture
Pro
mot
ion
Bank
Fina
nce
Ban
king
sy
stem
s
0.47
21
Jun
e 20
04
17 A
ugus
t 20
06
A
Enab
le th
e Ag
ricul
ture
P
rom
otio
n B
ank
to b
e fu
lly
inte
grat
ed in
the
Lao
PDR
ba
nkin
g sy
stem
, and
mee
t its
repo
rting
requ
irem
ents
to
the
Ban
k of
Lao
PD
R
(the
cent
ral b
ank)
.
Appendix 2 17
Appendix 2 17
JFIC
T Ti
tle
Sect
or
Su
bsec
tor
Gra
nt
($ m
illion
)
App
rova
l of
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of J
apan
AD
B
App
rova
l Im
plem
enta
tion
Stat
usa
Obj
ectiv
e
D.
Mon
golia
9.
904
4 In
form
atio
n an
d C
omm
unic
atio
n Te
chno
logy
fo
r Inn
ovat
ing
Rur
al
Edu
catio
n
Edu
catio
n E
duca
tion
sect
or
deve
lopm
ent
1.00
3
Febr
uary
20
04
6 Ap
ril
2004
A
In
crea
se a
cces
s to
and
le
arne
r ach
ieve
men
t in
high
-qu
ality
, loc
ally
resp
onsi
ve
basi
c, a
nd n
onfo
rmal
ed
ucat
ion
for d
isad
vant
aged
ru
ral p
opul
atio
ns in
M
ongo
lia.
10.
905
3 In
form
atio
n an
d C
omm
unic
atio
n Te
chno
logy
fo
r Im
prov
ing
Rur
al H
ealth
S
ervi
ces
Hea
lth a
nd
soci
al p
rote
ctio
n H
ealth
sys
tem
s
1.00
21
Jun
e 20
04
2 A
ugus
t 20
04
A
Impr
ove
acce
ss to
and
qu
ality
of h
ealth
ser
vice
s fo
r vu
lner
able
gro
ups
in ru
ral
com
mun
ities
, esp
ecia
lly
poor
mot
hers
and
chi
ldre
n.
The
purp
ose
is to
de
mon
stra
te th
e fe
asib
ility
of in
trodu
cing
a b
asic
ICT
netw
ork
to re
duce
infa
nt a
nd
mat
erna
l mor
talit
y at
the
prim
ary
heal
th c
are
leve
l.
E.
Phi
lippi
nes
11.
90
70
Dev
elop
ing
the
Phili
ppin
e B
usin
ess
Reg
istry
In
dust
ry a
nd
trade
Tr
ade
and
serv
ices
0.70
31
May
200
5 30
Aug
ust
2005
A
D
evel
op a
web
-bas
ed
busi
ness
regi
stra
tion
syst
em
to c
over
all
lega
l bus
ines
s es
tabl
ishm
ents
und
er
diffe
rent
aut
horit
ies
and
a se
rvic
e to
ol fo
r fac
ilitat
ing
trade
and
bus
ines
s de
velo
pmen
t am
ong
them
.
18 Appendix 2
18 Appendix 2
JFIC
T Ti
tle
Sect
or
Su
bsec
tor
Gra
nt
($ m
illion
)
App
rova
l of
the
Gov
ernm
ent
of J
apan
AD
B
App
rova
l Im
plem
enta
tion
Stat
usa
Obj
ectiv
e
12.
90
87
Sup
porti
ng In
form
atio
n Sh
arin
g an
d E
xcha
nge
Am
ong
Civ
il S
erva
nts
Edu
catio
n Te
chni
cal
educ
atio
n an
d vo
catio
nal s
kills
tra
inin
g
0.50
14
Nov
embe
r 20
05
14 M
arch
20
06
A
Em
pow
er th
ird-le
vel
exec
utiv
es in
per
form
ing
thei
r fun
ctio
ns th
roug
h ne
twor
king
with
thei
r pee
rs
and
grea
ter s
harin
g of
in
form
atio
n, d
ata,
and
ex
perie
nces
.
G.
Ind
ones
ia
13.
9082
S
uppo
rt fo
r the
Loc
al
Gov
ernm
ent P
erfo
rman
ce
Mea
sure
men
t Sys
tem
Pub
lic s
ecto
r m
anag
emen
t D
ecen
traliz
atio
n
0.73
14
Nov
embe
r 20
05
22
Dec
embe
r 20
05
A
Effe
ctiv
ely
prov
ide
publ
ic
serv
ices
thro
ugh
bette
r co
llect
ion,
ana
lysi
s, u
se,
and
diss
emin
atio
n of
dat
a on
gov
ernm
ent c
apac
ity,
deve
lopm
ent s
tatu
s, a
nd
perfo
rman
ce s
uppo
rt.
Tota
l 10
.43
AD
B =
Asi
an D
evel
opm
ent
Ban
k; A
DB
I =
Asi
an D
evel
opm
ent
Ban
k In
stitu
te;
AS
EA
N =
Ass
ocia
tion
of S
outh
east
Asi
an N
atio
ns;
BIM
P-E
AG
A =
Bru
nei
Dar
ussa
lam
, Ind
ones
ia, M
alay
sia,
the
Phi
lippi
nes
- Eas
t AS
EA
N G
row
th A
rea;
DM
C =
dev
elop
ing
mem
ber c
ount
ry; E
A =
exe
cutin
g ag
ency
; JFI
CT
= Ja
pan
Fund
fo
r In
form
atio
n an
d C
omm
unic
atio
n Te
chno
logy
; La
o PD
R =
Lao
Peo
ple'
s D
emoc
ratic
Rep
ublic
; LO
A =
Let
ter
of A
gree
men
t; M
IS =
man
agem
ent
info
rmat
ion
syst
em; P
RC
= P
eopl
e’s
Rep
ublic
of C
hina
; SA
SE
C =
Sou
th A
sia
Sub
regi
onal
Eco
nom
ic C
oope
ratio
n.
a A =
phy
sica
lly c
ompl
eted
; B =
LO
A si
gned
and
impl
emen
tatio
n st
arte
d; C
= L
OA
sig
ned
but i
mpl
emen
tatio
n ha
s no
t sta
rted;
D =
LO
A n
ot y
et s
igne
d.
Sou
rce(
s): J
FIC
T D
atab
ase.
Man
ila: A
sian
Dev
elop
men
t Ban
k (a
s of
31
Dec
embe
r 201
1).
Appendix 3 19
Appendix 3 19 JA
PAN
FU
ND
FO
R IN
FOR
MA
TIO
N A
ND
CO
MM
UN
ICA
TIO
N T
ECH
NO
LOG
Y
Stat
us o
f Dis
burs
emen
ts
(As
of 3
1 D
ecem
ber 2
011)
JF
ICT
NO
. C
ount
ry
Dat
e of
A
ppro
val
LOA
Si
gnin
g D
ate
Clo
sing
D
ate
% T
ime
Elap
seda
Gra
nt
App
rove
d ($
mill
ion)
Am
ount
D
isbu
rsed
%
D
isbu
rsed
St
atus
of
Impl
emen
tatio
n (3
1 D
ec. 2
011)
b
A
B
C
D
E
9020
Vi
et N
am
12 S
ep 0
2 16
Feb
04
31 D
ec 0
6 10
0.00
0.
50
416,
351.
50
83.2
7
9029
R
egio
nal
19 D
ec 0
2 19
Dec
02
31 D
ec 0
5 10
0.00
0.
18
167,
685.
61
93.1
6
9041
R
egio
nal
16 J
an 0
4 A
DB
is th
e E
A, n
o LO
A
requ
ired.
30
Jun
08
100.
00
2.40
2,
382,
539.
81
99.2
7
9044
M
ongo
lia
06 A
pr 0
4 23
Apr
04
31 J
ul 0
6 10
0.00
1.
00
880,
530.
42
88.0
5
9047
R
egio
nal
04 J
un 0
4 19
Nov
04
19 N
ov 0
8 10
0.00
1.
00
817,
320.
41
81.7
3
9050
La
o Pe
ople
’s
Dem
ocra
tic
Rep
ublic
22
Jun
04
11 O
ct 0
4 11
Oct
08
100.
00
0.65
40
3,40
6.43
62
.06
9051
R
egio
nal
02 J
ul 0
4 A
DB
is th
e E
A, n
o LO
A
requ
ired.
31
Dec
07
100.
00
0.30
21
4,48
0.67
71
.49
9053
M
ongo
lia
02 A
ug 0
4 23
Aug
04
31 J
ul 0
8 10
0.00
1.
00
957,
100.
97
95.7
1
9068
R
egio
nal
05 J
ul 0
5 05
Jul
05
31 D
ec 0
9 10
0.00
1.
00
874,
553.
19
87.4
6
9070
Ph
ilipp
ines
30
Aug
05
27 M
ar 0
6 31
Dec
09
100.
00
0.70
47
4,21
9.59
67
.75
9082
In
done
sia
22 D
ec 0
5 18
Dec
06
31 M
ay 0
9 10
0.00
0.
73
694,
782.
05
95.1
8
9087
Ph
ilipp
ines
14
Mar
06
03 A
ug 0
6 03
Feb
08
100.
00
0.50
10
3,59
8.70
20
.72
9096
La
o Pe
ople
’s
Dem
ocra
tic
Rep
ublic
17
Aug
06
06 M
ar 0
7 30
Sep
10
100.
0 0.
47
470,
041
.00
99.5
8
EA
= E
xecu
ting
Age
ncy;
JFI
CT
= Ja
pan
Fund
for I
nfor
mat
ion
and
Com
mun
icat
ion
Tech
nolo
gy; L
OA
= L
ette
r of A
gree
men
t. a N
o. o
f mon
ths
elap
sed
from
LO
A s
igni
ng/to
tal m
onth
s.
b A =
Com
plet
ed a
nd fi
nanc
ially
clo
sed;
B =
LO
A si
gned
and
impl
emen
tatio
n al
read
y st
arte
d; C
= L
OA
sign
ed b
ut im
plem
enta
tion
has
not s
tarte
d ye
t; D
= L
OA
not
yet
si
gned
; E =
Oth
ers
(ple
ase
brie
fly s
peci
fy, e
.g.,
prob
lem
s/is
sues
to b
e fla
gged
); P
hysi
cally
com
plet
ed b
ut n
ot y
et fi
nanc
ially
clo
sed.
S
ourc
e(s)
: JFI
CT
Dat
abas
e; C
ontro
ller's
Dep
artm
ent.
2011
. Sta
tem
ent o
f TA
Exp
endi
ture
s - J
FIC
T. M
anila
: AD
B.
Japan Fund for Information andCommunication Technology
Annual Report 2011
Printed on recycled paper
Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology
The Japan Fund for Information and Communication Technology, established by the Government of Japan and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) in July 2001, aimed to help ADB’s developing member countries improve their ICT capacities, and thus accelerate social and economic development, improve governance, and reduce poverty in the Asia and Pacific region. From a contribution of about $10 million from the Government of Japan, the fund was able to support 13 projects which are now all physically completed.
About the Asian Development Bank
ADB’s vision is an Asia and Pacific region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries reduce poverty and improve the quality of life of their people. Despite the region’s many successes, it remains home to two-thirds of the world’s poor: 1.8 billion people who live on less than $2 a day, with 903 million struggling on less than $1.25 a day. ADB is committed to reducing poverty through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration.
Based in Manila, ADB is owned by 67 members, including 48 from the region. Its main instruments for helping its developing member countries are policy dialogue, loans, equity investments, guarantees, grants, and technical assistance.
Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City1550 Metro Manila, Philippineswww.adb.org
Asian Development Bank6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City1550 Metro Manila, Philippineswww.adb.org
Printed in the Philippines