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Jake F. WeltzinUS Geological Survey
Alyssa RosemartinUniversity of Arizona
www.usanpn.org
The USA National Phenology Network
A Practical Tool for Conservation and
Education in the Face of Climate Change
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Outline
• Introduction to USA-NPN
• Core functions
• Web-based tools and services
• Phenology monitoring methods
• Nature's Notebook
• Field adventure!
• Break-out groups– Research– Management and decision-support– Education and outreach
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“Phenology…is perhaps the simplest process in which to track changes in the ecology of species
in response to climate change.” (IPCC 2007)
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• Easy to observe• Sensitive to environmental variation• Scales from 'leaf to globe'• Linked to most aspects of ecosystems
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A new data resource—a national network of integrated phenological observations across
space and time
Key Goal
Understand how plants, animals and landscapes respond to environmental variation and climate change
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Key sponsors and collaborators…
The Great Sunflower Project
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• A national biological science and monitoring program
• Agencies, NGOs, academia, the public
• Standard protocols for plants, animals & landscapes
• Facilitate scaling from 'leaf to globe'
• Integrate with other monitoring networks
• Business to Business and Business to Customer
USA-NPN in a nutshell
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Outline
• Introduction to USA-NPN
• Core functions
• Web-based tools and services
• Phenology monitoring methods
• Nature's Notebook
• Field adventure!
• Break-out groups– Research– Management and decision-support– Education and outreach
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• Develop a national phenology information management system
• Develop partnerships for implementation
• Facilitate phenology science and research
• Facilitate development of decision support tools
• Conduct and facilitate education and outreach
• Develop a national phenology monitoring system
Core functions
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Information management
Decision- support
Research
Education
Search
Synthesis
Visualizations
Work platform
Datasets
Products
NCO Information Management SystemData
Contemp-orary
Legacy
Partners
Ancillary
Data curation
User interface
Databases
National Phenology Network
Metadata
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Native American
Tribes
Native American
Tribes
ScientistsScientistsSpecializedNetworks
SpecializedNetworks
PublicAgencies
PublicAgencies
NGOsNGOs
EducatorsEducators
CitizenScientists
CitizenScientists
National Coordinating Office
Information ManagementMonitoring Programs
CommunicationsResource ManagersResource Managers
Partnerships and services
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Science and Research
Willis et al. 2008 PNASMoller et al. 2008 PNAS
Willis et al. 2010 PLOS BiologyHulme 2010 New Phyt.
Change in phenology
Pop
ulat
ions
& D
istr
ibut
ions
0
+
Increasing
Decreasing
Predicting vulnerability, invasions and distributions
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• Science
• Predictive services
• Health
• Resource mgmt
• Conservation
• Agriculture
• Ecosystem services
• Recreation
Applications and decision-support tools
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Education and
outreach for K-Gray
Steve Ringman, The Seattle Times
Ross Franklin, AP
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Outline
• Introduction to USA-NPN
• Core functions
• Web-based tools and services
• Phenology monitoring methods
• Nature's Notebook
• Field adventure!
• Break-out groups– Research– Management and decision-support– Education and outreach
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A national phenology monitoring system
www.usanpn.org/how-observe
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Real time data available soon
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www.usanpn.org/node/add/ct-dataset
Data set registry tool
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www.usanpn.org/results/dataset-list
Phenology dataset search tool
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Educator’s Clearinghouse
www.usanpn.org/education/clearinghouse
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Phenology publications
www.usanpn.org/resources/biblio
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Partnership tool
www.usanpn.org/participate/new-partners
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Training resources
www.usanpn.org/resources/resources
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Learn about other phenology programs
www.usanpn.org/participate/other-programs
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Outline
• Introduction to USA-NPN
• Core functions
• Web-based tools and services
• Phenology monitoring methods
• Nature's Notebook
• Field adventure!
• Break-out groups– Research– Management and decision-support– Education and outreach
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Event
Activity Reproduction Development
Day of year
Phenology Monitoring Methods
Status & Abundance
Status
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• Event– When did you hear the first frog call? (date)
• Status– Do you hear a frog calling? (Y N ?)
• Status & Abundance– Do you hear a frog calling? (Y N ?)– If Y, are they
– Non-overlapping calls?– Overlapping with distinguishable individuals?– A full chorus—constant, overlapping calls?
Alternate Monitoring Methodse.g., frog-calling
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Event
Day of year
Event vs Status Monitoringe.g., frog calling
Y
Status NNNN??NNNYNNNYYYYYNN
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Outline
• Introduction to USA-NPN
• Core functions
• Web-based tools and services
• Phenology monitoring methods
• Nature's Notebook
• Field adventure!
• Break-out groups– Research– Management and decision-support– Education and outreach
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• 253+ plant species
• 58+ animal species
• Core status monitoring protocols
• Species on demand
• Abundance reporting
• User profiles
a project of the USA-NPN
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Cumulative
Participants across the nation
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0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Janu
ary
Febru
ary
Mar
chApr
ilM
ayJu
ne July
Augus
t
Septe
mbe
r
Octob
er
Novem
ber
Decem
ber
Nu
mb
er o
f o
bse
rvat
ion
s
Obs 2009
Obs 2010
Data reporting in 2010 similar to 2009
3K participants; website: 67K visitors, 100K visits, 500K pageviews
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2010
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• Identify & Register a Site
• Select Plants & Animals– Animal Checklist– Register Individual Plants
• Make Observations in the Field
• Submit Observations Online
a project of the USA-NPN
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A site is:
• The area within which you’ll look for your animal species
• The area which encompasses any plants you plan to observe
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a project of the USA-NPN
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• Convenience
• Representative location
• Uniform habitat
• Appropriate size
• Proper permission
Site Selection Guidelines
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a project of the USA-NPN
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Overview
• Identify & Register a Site
• Select Plants & Animals– Animal Checklist– Register Individual Plants
• Make Observations in the Field
• Submit Observations
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• Animals: create a checklist for your site,
look and listen for all species each time
you visit
• Plants: repeat observations of the same
individual plants
a project of the USA-NPN
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a project of the USA-NPN
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a project of the USA-NPN
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• Identify & Register a Site
• Select Plants & Animals– Create Animal Checklist– Register Individual Plants
• Make Observations in the Field
• Submit Observations
a project of the USA-NPN
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Compare phenophases to what you observe.
a project of the USA-NPN
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• Yes (Y) – if the phenophase is occurring
• No (N) – if the phenophase is not occurring
• Unknown (?) – if you did not or forgot to look for signs of this phenophase or not certain you heard or saw that animal species
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a project of the USA-NPN
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An example:
• Site: your front yard• Species on your animal checklist:
– American robin– Black-capped chickadee– Bumblebee
• Plants registered:– One individual mayapple plant
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a project of the USA-NPN
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On your site visit, you stand in one place and observe:
• A bumblebee visiting flowers• One robin perched and singing
• You also make observations of your mayapple plant
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5050
5/5/10
Robin
Black-capped chickadee
Bumblebee
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51515151
American robin My front yard
5/5/10
2010
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5252525252
Bumblebee My front yard
5/5/10
2010
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5353
a project of the USA-NPN
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Mayapple Mayapple-front yard
5/5/10
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5555
Mayapple Mayapple-front yard
5/5/10
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• Walking a single line through site
• Stationary at a single point
• Area search: multiple passes through site
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Observing animals
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My front yard 2010 USA-NPN Fan
4/1/10 4/3/10 4/9/10 4/11/10 4/15/10
15 15 18 19 15
2 2 2 2 2
5 5 5 5 5
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• Identify & Register a Site
• Select Plants & Animals– Animal Checklist– Register Individual Plants
• Make Observations in the Field
• Submit Observations Online
a project of the USA-NPN
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www.usanpn.org
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Outline
• Introduction to USA-NPN
• Core functions
• Web-based tools and services
• Phenology monitoring methods
• Nature's Notebook
• Field adventure!
• Break-out groups– Research– Management and decision-support– Education and outreach
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Outline
• Introduction to USA-NPN
• Core functions
• Web-based tools and services
• Phenology monitoring methods
• Nature's Notebook
• Field adventure!
• Break-out groups– Research– Management and decision-support– Education and outreach
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• Extra slides below here.
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• Standardized, vetted, transparent definitions
• Species descriptions & profiles
• Clear data entry interface
• Absence data + sampling intensity, method, effort
• Site, organism and observation level metadata
• Training materials and user support
Quality Assurance