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IWXXM Status
Aaron BraeckelFPAW – October 22, 2014
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ICAO and WMO
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)Sets requirements for international aviation weather
World Meteorological Organization (WMO)Implements requirements, manages technical infrastructure, and other duties
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ICAO Annex 3 / WMO No. 49Amendment 76 – Nov 2013• …under bilateral agreements between States in a
position to do so, states may exchange METAR, SPECI, SIGMET and TAF in a digital form (XML/GML) in addition to TAC forms
Amendment 77 – Nov 2016
• METAR, SPECI, SIGMET and TAF should be exchanged in a digital form”
Amendment 78 – Nov 2019
• METAR, SPECI, SIGMET and TAF shall be exchanged in a digital form”
© 2014, University Corporation for Atmospheric Research. All rights reserved.
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TAC and XMLTraditional Alphanumeric Codes (TAC) – METAR, SPECI, TAF, SIGMET, …
Useful for:• Human readability (pilots, flight briefers, …)• Machine readability (visualization, storage, weather model
integration, …)
TAC has primarily addressed human-readability
XML aids machine-readability and can readily be transformed to many forms
XML schema can be used to check message structure to ensure correctness – especially useful for data producers
XML is not for direct human consumption!
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TAC Challenges
PIREP: /TB MDT WIFE SAYS SVR
“Other” cases
SIGMET 1 VALIDO 140019/140600 UTC - FIR SCCI - POR JET STREAM ENTRE LAT 49/54S CON NUCLEO A LOS 35MFT…
Human languages
Aerodrome (‘KDEN’), waypoints, etc.
External References
“AU” instead of “UA”, “N23 E1175”, Capital “O” instead of 0, etc.
Typographic
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XML METAR ExampleWeather phenomenaobserved
XML report created by sensor
Report issued
…
Report processed and stored
Forecast Model Integration
TAC
Report transformedfor consumption
Graphics
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Transition Plan
Under discussion and in development within ICAO and WMO
Likely to include simultaneous TAC and XML, via conversion
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IWXXM-USThe United States files official “differences” with ICAO for METAR, SPECI, TAF, and SIGMET
IWXXM-US represents those differences in XML
IWXXM-US IWXXM
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Aaron Braeckel, [email protected]
IWXXM:http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/WIS/wiswiki/tiki-index.php?page=AvXML-1
WMO Codes Registryhttp://codes.wmo.int
IWXXM-UShttp://nws.weather.gov/schemas/IWXXM-US/Versions/
References