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Ipswich River Restoration:LID Demonstration Projects
Marilyn McCroryMA Dept. of Conservation & Recreation
Northeast CZM Partners WorkshopOctober 5, 2005
U.S. EPA
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Overview
• The Problem: No Flows and Low Flows
• The Solution: Targeted Watersheds Demonstration Projects
• LID Subdivision and Green Roof: Lessons Learned from Implementation
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Massachusetts WatershedsMassachusetts Watersheds
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1995
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Ipswich River
1997
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1999
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2002
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2005
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- Export of water forwater supply
80% of all withdrawals (24 MGD)
- Export of wastewater
- Inflow and Infiltration(55-65% of pipe flow)
- Increased Loss to Runoff
- Loss to Lawn Irrigation14.4 MGD Deficit(5 MGD Upper Basin)
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EPA Targeted Watersheds GrantEPA Targeted Watersheds GrantIncrease Stormwater Recharge – 5 Low-Impact Development (LID) Demonstration Projects
Decrease Water Demand – 4 Water Conservation Demonstration Projects
Quantify Impact to Water Quantity and/or Quality
Model Theoretical Impact of Watershed-wide Application of Techniques
Educate Stakeholders and Public on Demonstration Projects and Research Findings
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Conventional Development LID Subdivision
1. LID Subdivision1. LID Subdivision
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2. Green Roof2. Green Roof
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3. Porous Pavement Parking Lot3. Porous Pavement Parking Lot
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4. Lake Remediation: 4. Lake Remediation: LID Streetscape RetrofitLID Streetscape Retrofit
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5. Rainw5. Rainwater Harvestingater Harvesting
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Large Rainwater Large Rainwater Harvesting SystemHarvesting System
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Water Conservation Water Conservation Demonstration ProjectsDemonstration Projects
6. LID Ball Field
7. Irrigation Control Switch
8. Meter Replacement & Monthly Billing
9. Home Rebate & Retrofit Program
10. (Rainwater Harvesting)
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LID Subdivision DemonstrationLID Subdivision Demonstration:Implementation Challenges
• Project Requirements:– Located in Ipswich watershed– Design based on LID principles – Construct by June 2007 – Funding & financing in place
• Scope: – Build it – Cooperate on monitoring & demonstration
• Funding: $90,000
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LID Subdivision Demonstration
• Results:– 2 solicitation rounds– 3 applications
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1. What IS LID?
Will I know it when I see it?
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Bioretention/Rain
Gardens
Swales Porous Pavement
Rain Barrels
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2a. “In an LID project, the developer has to request waivers from everything.”
- Planning Board Chair
2b. “I will not entertain a special permit process.”
- Developer
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Reduce Roadway Widths; Eliminate Curbs
Standard LID
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Shared Driveways
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Centralized Collection vs. Distributed Vegetated Areas
Standard LID
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3. “Low impact to the environment generally means
high impact to me.”- DPW Director
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“We know how to maintain this… …But not this”
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4. “The costs to the town of planning, reviewing,
monitoring…are significant.”- Planning Board Chair
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Green Roof DemonstrationGreen Roof Demonstration:Implementation Challenges
• Huge educational challenge– “OK. I give up. What’s
a green roof?”– “Will it fall in on the
kids?”– “Won’t it leak?”– “What about snow
load?”– “But has it been done
HERE before?” Putney School, VT
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Lessons
1. Educate, educate, educate2. Need data to challenge the accepted
wisdom3. Value of demonstration projects4. Adopt LID by-law or regulations
• Define LID• Can include fees for reviews• Shift maintenance responsibilities to
property owner
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The Alternative?
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Contacts
Dept. of Conservation & Recreation (MA):• Sara Cohen, Project Manager
[email protected]• Marilyn McCrory, Grant Assistant
[email protected]. Environmental Protection Agency• Sandra Fancieullo, Project Officer