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Investigating the
ofwrist-based input
TILT TECHNIQUES
DEXTERITY
mahfuz rahmansean gustafsonpourang irani sriram subramanian
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TILT-BASED INTERACTION
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CONTRIBUTIONSframework for tilt-based interaction
capabilities of each wrist axis
comparison of methods for discretizing the raw tilt sensor readings
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RELATED WORK
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[Rekimoto UIST96]
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[Hinkley UIST00]
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TiltType [Partridge UIST02]
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TiltText [Wigdor UIST03]
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[Crossan MobileHCI08]
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FRAMEWORK
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1. Axes of wrist movement
2. Rate control vs. position control
3. Discretization of raw tilt values
4. Selection mechanism
5. Feedback
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1. AXES OF MOVEMENT
Flexion / Extension
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1. AXES OF MOVEMENT
Pronation / Supination
65°
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Ulnar / Radial Deviation
1. AXES OF MOVEMENT
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2. RATE VS. POSITION
We use position control
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3. DISCRETIZATION
Linear
Quadratic Sigmoid
y=1/(1+e-x) y=x2
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4. SELECTION MECHANISM
click-tilt-release
click-to-select
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5. FEEDBACK
visual – remote or local
auditory
tactile
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EXPERIMENT
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TASK
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INDEPENDENT VARIABLEStilt axis: flexion/extension, pronation/supination, ulnar/radial deviation
discretization function: linear, sigmoid, quadratic
divisions: 4, 8, 12, 16. Only 4 divisions for deviation
distance: 10%, 30%, 70%, 90% of range of motion
direction: 0° to max, max to 0°
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DEPENDENT VARIABLES
completion time
error rate
number of crossings
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FLEXION RESULTS
05
101520253035
0 4 8 12 16
% E
rror
s
Levels
0
1000
2000
3000
0 4 8 12 16
Tim
e (m
s)
Levels
LinearSigmoidQuadratic
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PRONATION RESULTS
05
101520253035
0 4 8 12 16
% E
rror
s
Levels
LinearSigmoidQuadratic
0
1000
2000
3000
0 4 8 12 16
Tim
e (m
s)
Levels
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DEVIATION RESULTSonly with 4 levels
05
101520253035
Linear Sigmoid Quadratic
% E
rror
s
0
1000
2000
3000
Linear Sigmoid Quadratic
Tim
e (m
s)
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EXPERIMENT 2
Design same as experiment 1 except
Remote feedback
No sigmoid function
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DISCUSSION
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IMPLICATIONSFOR DESIGN
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DESIGN GUIDELINES
avoid ulnar/radial deviation if possible or use only for input of a couple levels.
flexion/extension is limited to 8 levels of tilt
pronation/supination is limited to 12 levels of tilt
discretization function plays an important role
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TILT TEXT
[Wigdor UIST03]
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CONCLUSION
a framework for tilt-based interaction
characterization capabilities of each wrist axis
comparison of methods for discretizing the raw tilt sensor readings
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THANKS!Sean GustafsonHasso Plattner Institute
http://www.seangustafson.com
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