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Introduction to Shakespeare
The Bard of Avon
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Shakespeare Life and Times
• Born in Stratford-upon-Avon on April 23, 1564.
• Do the math how long ago was this? • He died April 23, 1616.• Rumor has it he died of a chill after a night
of partying with fellow authors.• While not rich William Shakespeare grew
up in a comfortable home.
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Shakespeare’s BirthplaceStratford-Upon-Avon
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Shakespeare
• Shakespeare attended Stratford Grammar School
• There he received a standard Elizabethan curriculum based on
• Greek and Latin literature • Christian ethics (including a working
knowledge of the Holy Bible). • Did not go to college
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Early Years
• November of 1582, at the age of eighteen, he married Anne Hathaway
• A daughter, Susanna, is born six months later.
• Two years after that, the Shakespeares had twins: Hamnet and Judith.
• Hamnet, Shakespeare's only son, would die at the age of eleven.
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Moving to London
• 1585(?): Shakespeare leaves Stratford sometime between 1585 and 1592, and joins a company of actors as a performer and playwright.
• 1592: London theaters are closed due to plague.
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Romeo and Juliet
• Sometime between 1591 and 1595, Shakespeare writes the play. It is published in 1597.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
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From Elizabeth to James
• 1603: Queen Elizabeth dies. The new king, James I (James VI of Scotland), arrives in London a month later, and proves to be a generous patron of the theater and of acting troupes.
• Shakespeare’s acting troop become the King’s Men to honor King James.
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The Professional Shakespeare
• 1608:Theaters are closed again because of plague.
• 1609: Shakespeare's sonnets are published.
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The Globe Theater
• 1599: The Lord Chamberlain's Men lease land for the Globe Theatre.
• 1613:The Globe Theatre burns down.
• 1614: The Globe Theatre reopens on the opposite bank of the Thames.
• 1642: Torn down for religious reasons
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Globe Theater
• The Globe Theater was built from timbers from the Theater. Owned by business associates of Shakespeare’s.
• Located in London.
• The signal that a play was to be performed was a flag over the Globe.
• Black/tragedy; white/comedy; red/history
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Globe Theater
• Wealthy watched plays from any of three balconies in the theater
• The groundlings or poor watched from the pit or ground around the stage.
• Two trap doors known as Heaven and Hell were used as entrances, exits, and disappearances
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An Early 17th Century drawing of the Globe
in the time of Shakespeare
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Picture of the outside of the reconstructed Globe. The original Globe was surrounded by trees, but the
new globe sits on the bank of the Thames.
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Picture of the stage of the reconstructed Globe (1997).
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Picture of the slabstone over Shakespeare's tomb, which reads:Good Friend, for Jesus’ sake forbear
To dig the dust enclosed here:Blessed be the man that spares these stones,
And curst be he that moves my bones.