Download - Introduction to chordates for msc zoology
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Phylum ChordataPhylum Chordata
The chordatesThe chordates
By:-nafees hussain{mlsu.udaipur}By:-nafees hussain{mlsu.udaipur}
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Five Chordate HallmarksFive Chordate Hallmarks
Notochord – flexible rodlike structure; Notochord – flexible rodlike structure; extending length of bodyextending length of body
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Five Chordate HallmarksFive Chordate Hallmarks
Dorsal tubular nerve cordDorsal tubular nerve cord
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Five Chordate HallmarksFive Chordate Hallmarks
Pharyngeal pouches and gill slitsPharyngeal pouches and gill slits
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Five Chordate HallmarksFive Chordate Hallmarks
Endostyle or thyroid gland – secretes mucous Endostyle or thyroid gland – secretes mucous that traps food particles in pharyngeal cavitythat traps food particles in pharyngeal cavity
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Five Chordate HallmarksFive Chordate Hallmarks
Postanal tail – tail extends beyond anusPostanal tail – tail extends beyond anus
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Sixth Chordate FeatureSixth Chordate Feature
Ventral Heart – heart located ventrally Ventral Heart – heart located ventrally
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Higher Classification of ChordataHigher Classification of Chordata
Phylum ChordataPhylum Chordata
Subphylum Urochordata – tunicates, sea Subphylum Urochordata – tunicates, sea squirtssquirts
SubphylumSubphylum Cephalachordata – lanceletsCephalachordata – lancelets
Subphlum Vertebrata- vertebratesSubphlum Vertebrata- vertebrates
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Subphylum UrochordataSubphylum Urochordata
Sea Squirts or TunicatesSea Squirts or Tunicates
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Urochordate CharacteristicsUrochordate Characteristics
Have a non-living tunicHave a non-living tunic Most chordate features found in the free Most chordate features found in the free
living acidian larvaliving acidian larva Adults sessile filter feedersAdults sessile filter feeders
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Acidean Larva and MetamorphosisAcidean Larva and Metamorphosis
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Adult UrochordateAdult Urochordate
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Subphylum Subphylum CephalochordataCephalochordata
LanceletsLancelets
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Cephalochordate CharacteristicsCephalochordate Characteristics
Notochord and nerve cord found along entire length of body, persists throughout life
Fish-like in form
Includes the lancelets (amphioxus)
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AmphioxusAmphioxus
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Subphylum VertebrataSubphylum Vertebrata
The VertebratesThe Vertebrates
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Vertebrate CharacteristicsVertebrate Characteristics
Bony or cartilaginous vertebrae surrounding spinal cord
Notochord only in embryonic stages, persisting in some fishes
Two superclasses according to presence of jaws
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Vertebrate Higher ClassificationVertebrate Higher Classification Superclass Agnatha - without jawsSuperclass Agnatha - without jaws
Class Myxini – hagfishesClass Myxini – hagfishes Class Cephalaspidomorphi – lampreysClass Cephalaspidomorphi – lampreys
Superclass Gnathostomata – with jawsSuperclass Gnathostomata – with jaws Class Chondrichthyes – sharks, rays, chimaerasClass Chondrichthyes – sharks, rays, chimaeras Class Actinopterygii – ray-finned fishesClass Actinopterygii – ray-finned fishes Class Sarcopterygii – lobe-fin fishesClass Sarcopterygii – lobe-fin fishes Class Amphibia – frogs, salamandersClass Amphibia – frogs, salamanders Class Reptilia – snakes, lizards, crocodilesClass Reptilia – snakes, lizards, crocodiles Class Aves - birdsClass Aves - birds Class Mammalia - mammalsClass Mammalia - mammals