Download - Introduction to anatomy 1
!Day 1 " Course Introduction " Anatomical Positions " Anatomical Terms of Motion " Basic Anatomy
! Biological Organization ! Blood Vessels ! Bone, Ligament, Tendon, Cartilage, Fascia, Muscle ! Skin, hair and nails
General Outline
!Day 4 " Upper Extremity
! Arm, Forearm, Hand, Joints " Face
! Periorbital Area, Nose, Mouth, Ears
General Outline
!Morning Topics " Course Introduction
! Brief History of Anatomy ! Anatomy and TCM ! Relevance of Anatomy in Acupuncture
" Anatomical Positions ! Anterior, posterior, medial, etc.
Outline
!Morning Topics " Anatomical Terms of Motion
! Flexion, extension, rotation, etc " Basic Anatomy
! Biological Organization (Cell, Tissue, etc) " Recall Activity
Outline
!Afternoon Topics " Basic Anatomy
! Vessels (Artery, Vein, Nerve) " Basic Physiology " Relevance in Acupuncture
! Bone, Ligament, Tendon, Cartilage, Fascia, Muscle ! Skin, hair and nails
" TCM principles ! Recall Activity
Outline
!Egypt (16000 BC) " Basic Dissections " Heart, liver, spleen, hypothalamus, and bladder " Heart is the center of blood supply
History of Ancient Anatomy
!History of Ancient Anatomy
Birth of Biology (5th-4th Century BC) " Coined by a Greek
naturalist " Bios (life) logos (word)
!History of Ancient Anatomy
Alcameon (5th century BC)
" First man to make a significant contribution to anatomy
" Search for the seat of intelligence
!Aristotle (4th century BC) " Animal Dissections " Comparative Anatomy " “Heart is the seat of
intelligence”
History of Ancient Anatomy
!Alexandria (3rd – 2nd century BC) " First recorded school of anatomy " Ptolemy I Soter
History of Ancient Anatomy
!Human Vivisection (300 BC) " Vivisection – “the practice of performing operations on
live animals for the purpose of experimentation or scientific research”
History of Ancient Anatomy
!Errors of Galen (2nd Century AD)
" Galen ! Chief Physician to
Gladiators
History of Ancient Anatomy
!Early Modern Anatomy
Andreas Vesalius (16th Century)
" First to challenge the Galenic Doctrine
" anatomy became an actual discipline
!Anatomical Theaters (16th Century) " University of Padua " Italy: Center for Vivisection
Early Modern Anatomy
!" Human dissections
seldom done ! Confucius: “Our body
with skin and hair comes from our parents. We must not mutilate it”
Anatomy in TCM
!" Emperor Wang Mang
! Ordered dissection of the body of a rebel named Wang Sun-Ching
Anatomy in TCM
!" Ancient China (Shang Dynasty, 17th-11th century BC)
! Magical/Supernatural/Demons cause all the diseases ! Demons cause swellings, relieved by insertion of stone
lancets
Anatomy in TCM
!" Early Chinese Dynasties
! Soldiers wounded by arrows in battles was suddenly relieved from symptoms that bothered them for years
Anatomy in TCM
!" Modern Traditional Chinese Medicine
! University of Western Sidney " Masters program 1 of 4 years
! Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine " Traditional Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Tuina
Massage (1 of 5 years) ! Yosan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
" Masters program (1 of 4 years) ! Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
" Short courses: 2 weeks
Anatomy in TCM
!Extension and Flexion
" Flexion – a decrease in the angle of the joint " Extension – an increase in the angle of the joint
!" Dorsiflexion
! bending the foot/hand towards the dorsal side " Plantar Flexion
! bending the foot towards the plantar side " Palmar Flexion
! Bending the hand towards the palmar side
Dorsi/Plantar/Palmar Flexion
!" Abduction
! Movement away from the midline of the body " Adduction
! Movement towards the midline of the body
Abduction and Adduction
!" Medial Rotation
! Movement around a longitudinal axis toward the midline of the body
" Lateral Rotation ! Movement around a longitudinal axis away from the
midline of he body
Rotation
!" Supination
! Movement of forearm in which the palm is turned anteriorly
" Pronation ! Movement of forearm in which the palm is turned
posteriorly
Supination and Pronation
!Inversion and Eversion
" Inversion ! Movement of the soles inward so they face each other
" Eversion ! Movement of the soles outward so they face away from
each other
!Recall!
A B
C
Supination Pronation Flexion Extension Depression Elevation Protraction Retraction Inversion Eversion Rotation Circumduction Abduction Adduction Dorsiflexion Plantar Flexion Palmar Flexion
!Recall!
Supination Pronation Flexion Extension Depression Elevation Protraction Retraction Inversion Eversion Rotation Circumduction Abduction Adduction Dorsiflexion Plantar Flexion Palmar Flexion
!Recall!
Supination Pronation Flexion Extension Depression Elevation Protraction Retraction Inversion Eversion Rotation Circumduction Abduction Adduction Dorsiflexion Plantar Flexion Palmar Flexion