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Introduction
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Current ElectricityMoving charges/electrons
Current electricity is controlled movement of charges through a path, usually a conductor of electricity.
Difference between static and current electricity
Examples of static electricity:Examples of current Electricity:
Lightning- static or current?
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Measuring Electricity
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CircuitsObjectives: To understand
Components of a circuit
Electrical circuit, an electrical network that has a closed loop giving a return path for the
current. Usually consists of source(pusher),
path(conductor) and load(user)
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Components of Electric circuit
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Circuit component
Definition Examples
Electric Source Source of electric energy/current
Battery, Solar cell, Electric generator,
Electric Load anything that uses/absorbs the energy that is being delivered by the electric current in a circuit
Lamps, fan, washing machine, computer,Resistance
Switches A device that connect circuit /allow flow of electrons when “on”
Electronic switches,Mechanical switch
Measuring devices
Measure current, voltage and power
Ammeter,Voltmeter,wattmeter
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Symbols(review)
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Activity1) Collect your
activity packet2) Learn how to use
multimeter.• All measuments
only DC in this class
• Only milli Ampere of current measured
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MultimeterHow to connect probes▫Connect red probe into “VΩmA” slot▫Connect the black probe into “COM”How to set the dial to measure the right quantity▫To measure voltage, ▫current and ▫resistanceWhat scale to choose?
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Voltage
Resistance
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Activity 1: Voltage 1) Measure voltage of batteries
a) AA b)AAA c)D d)9V2) Swap the connections. What is the voltage? 3)Connect two batteries in series▫What is the voltage?4)Swap one of the batteries at terminals▫What is the voltage?
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Series
▫Connect resistors in series.
ParallelVoltages in parallel
Resistors in parallel
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Voltage and CurrentMeasure current for 1.5V, 100 ohms.Measure current for 1.5V, 1000 ohms.
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Ohm’s law Ohm’s law relates the relation between
voltage and current.As voltage(V) increases, current(I) increases
V=I*R where V is emf/ voltage, I is current, R is resistanceemf is electromotive force
Assumptions: Only for conductors, resistors called “ohmic materials”Materials that do not obey Ohm’s law are called “non-
ohmic” materials
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Power and EnergyElectric Power is measured in WattsElectric Energy is measured in Watts-hr.1 watt-sec= JouleElectric power = voltage × current, or
P = V × I