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• Internet Of Things

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Internet of Things

1 Lara Sristava, European Commission Internet of Things Conference in

Budapest, 16 May 2011 [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJdNq7uSddM The Internet of

Things - Back to the Future (Presentation)]

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Internet of Things

1 Johnson, Computers to Acquire Control of the Physical World, Gartner research

report T-14-0301, 28 September 2001Casaleggio Associati

[http://www.casaleggio.it/internet_of_things The Evolution of Internet of Things] 2011 For instance, business may no longer run out of stock or generate waste products,

as involved parties would know which products are required and consumed

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Internet of Things

1 According to ABI Research more than 30 billion devices will be wirelessly connected to the Internet

of Things (Internet of Everything) by 2020.[http://www.abiresearch.com/press/more-than-30-billion-devices-will-wirelessly-conne More Than 30 Billion Devices Will Wirelessly Connect to the Internet of Everything in 2020], ABI Research Cisco created a dynamic connections counter to track the estimated number of connected things from July 2013 until July

2020 (methodology included).Cisco Connections Counter: dynamic, online widget displays the

number of connections being made at any one moment in time

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Internet of Things - Original definition

1 Although Bill Joy had already mentioned D2D (Device to Device) communication

as one of its Six Webs,Jason Pontin: [http://www.technologyreview.com/view/404694/etc-bill-joys-six-webs/ ETC: Bill

Joy's Six Webs]. In: MIT Technology Review, 29 September 2005. Retrieved 17 November 2013. it wasn't until Kevin Ashton that the 'Internet of Things' got a

second look by industry.

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Internet of Things - Original definition

1 In a seminal article for the RFID Journal,

[http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/view/4986 That 'Internet of Things'

Thing] he made the following assessment:

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Internet of Things - Original definition

1 Today (as of November 2013), the research into the 'Internet of Things' is still in its infancy. Therefore, there aren't any standard definitions for

Internet of Things. Several definitions formulated by different researchers

are listed in a survey.

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Internet of Things - Alternative definitions

1 Different definitions for the Internet of Things and contractions such as

thingternet [http://cxounplugged.com/2012/12/the_inter

net_of_things/ Ian Cook. The Internet of things – can objects get social? December

12, 2012.] have appeared. The term is evolving as the technology and

implementation of the ideas move forward. Here are several partially overlapping

definitions:https://store.theartofservice.com/the-internet-of-things-toolkit.html

Internet of Things - Alternative definitions

1 ; CORDIS: An action plan for the European Union to introduce the

governance based on the Internet of Things.http://ec.europa.eu/informatio

n_society/policy/rfid/documents/commiot2009.pdf

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Internet of Things - Alternative definitions

1 In the Internet of Things, ‘things’ are expected to become active participants in business,

information and social processes where they are enabled to interact and communicate

among themselves and with the environment by exchanging data and information ‘sensed’

about the environment, while reacting autonomously to the ‘real/physical world’

events and influencing it by running processes that trigger actions and create services with or

without direct human intervention

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Internet of Things - Alternative definitions

1 The Internet of Things is not synonymous with ubiquitous and pervasive computing, the Internet

Protocol (IP), communication technology, embedded devices, its

applications, the Internet of People or the Intranet / Extranet of Things, yet it relies on all of these approaches

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Internet of Things - Intelligence

1 In the future the Internet of Things may be a non-deterministic and open network

in which auto-organized or intelligent entities (Web services, Service-oriented architecture|SOA components), virtual objects (avatars) will be interoperable

and able to act independently (pursuing their own objectives or shared ones)

depending on the context, circumstances or environments.

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Internet of Things - Intelligence

1 Embedded intelligence presents an “AI-oriented” perspective of Internet of Things, which can be more clearly defined as: leveraging the capacity

to collect and analyze the digital traces left by people when

interacting with widely deployed smart things to discover the knowledge about human life,

environment interaction, as well as social connection/behavior.

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Internet of Things - Architecture

1 In an Internet of Things, the meaning of an event will not necessarily be based on a deterministic or syntactic

model but would instead be based on the context of the event itself: this will also be a semantic web.[http://www.i-o-t.org/post/3questionstoPhilippeGAUTIERbyDavidFayon 3

questions to Philippe GAUTIER, by David Fayon, march 2010] Consequently, it will not necessarily need common standards that would not be able to address every context or use: some actors (services, components, avatars) will

accordingly be self-referenced and, if ever needed, adaptive to existing common standards (predicting everything would be no more than defining a global

finality for everything that is just not possible with any of the current top-down approaches and standardizations)

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Internet of Things - Time considerations

1 In this Internet of Things, made of billions of parallel and simultaneous events, time will no

more be used as a common and linear dimensionJanusz Bucki,

[http://iegd.institut.online.fr/ART11-B-ADSc-OrgTemps-fr.htm L'organisation et le temps (in French)] but will depend on each entity (object, process, information system, etc.). This Internet of Things will be accordingly

based on massive parallel IT systems (Parallel computing).

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Internet of Things - Space considerations

1 Just as standards play a key role in the Internet and the Web, geospatial standards will play a key role in the

Internet of Things.

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Internet of Things - Sub systems

1 Not all elements in an Internet of Things will necessarily run in a global

space. Think, for instance, of domotics running inside a Home

automation|Smart House. While the same technologies are used as

elsewhere, the system might only be running on and available via a local

network.

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Internet of Things - Frameworks

1 Companies such as ThingWorx, Raco Wireless, nPhase and Carriots are

developing technology platforms to provide this type of functionality for

the Internet of Things.

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Internet of Things - Applications

1 The toolkit has been described at the 2012 IoT (IEEE) conference and

builds on previous Internet of Things research, in particular the work on

the MAGIC Broker as published at IoT 2010 (IEEE).

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Internet of Things - Criticism

1 Thus, Internet of Things, or embedded intelligence in things, with smart systems that are able to take over complex human perceptive and cognitive functions and frequently

act unnoticeably in the backgroundInternet of Things in 2020: A Roadmap for the future

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Internet of Things - Criticism

1 While technologists tout the Internet of Things as one more step toward a

better world, scholars and social observers have some reservations

and doubts about approaching ubiquitous computing revolution

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Internet of Things - Criticism

1 A different criticism is that the Internet of Things is being developed rapidly without appropriate consideration of the profound security challenges involved and the regulatory

changes that might be necessary.[http://www.forbes.com/sites/chrisclearfield/2013/

09/18/why-the-ftc-cant-regulate-the-internet-of-things/ Christopher Clearfield Why The FTC Can't Regulate The

Internet Of Things, Forbes, September 18, 2013] In particular, as the Internet of Things spreads widely, cyber

attacks are likely to become an increasingly physical (rather than simply virtual)

threat.[http://blogs.hbr.org/2013/06/rethinking-security-for-the-in Christopher Clearfield Rethinking Security for the

Internet of Things Harvard Business Review Blog, June 26 2013]/

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Internet of Things - Criticism

1 27.] In general, the intelligence community views Internet of Things

as a rich source of data.[http://www.wired.com/dangerro

om/2012/03/petraeus-tv-remote/ Spencer Ackerman

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Carriots - Carriots Internet of Things platform

1 'Carriots' is an application hosting and development platform (Platform as a Service) specially designed for projects related to the

Internet of Things (IoT) and Machine to Machine (M2M). Enables data collection from connected objects (the things part), store it, build powerful applications with few lines of

code and integration with external IT systems (the internet part). [http://www.carriots.com

Carriots] provides a development environment, APIs and hosting for IoT projects development.

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XMPP - Internet of Things

1 XMPP features such as federation across domains, publish/subscribe, authentication and its security even for mobile endpoints are being used to implement the Internet of Things

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SCADA - Fourth generation: Internet of Things

1 As a result SCADA systems can now report state in near real-time and use the horizontal scale available in cloud

environments to implement more complex control algorithms than are practically feasible to implement on

traditional programmable logic controllers.[http://www.fastcompany.com/biomimicry/how-

the-internet-of-things-is-turning-cities-into-organisms/ How The Internet Of Things Is Turning Cities Into Living Organisms] Retrieved September 16, 2013 Further, the use of open network protocols such as TLS inherent in Internet of Things technology provides a more readily

comprehendable and manageable security boundary than the heterogenous mix of proprietary network protocols typical of many decentralized SCADA implementations.

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