Download - International Transport System
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Internationaltransport system
BY :Prof Dheeraj Tiwari
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International logistics
International logistics Logistics costs
comprise between 10% and 30% ofthe total landed costs of aninternational order. Thus,
international logistics is acompetitive tool.
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DefinitionInternational Logistics is design andmanagement of a system that controls theflow of materials into, through, and out ofthe international corporation. By taking asystems approach, the firm explicitlyrecognizes the linkages among the
traditionally separate logistics componentswithin and outside the corporation
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Basic goal of logisticsBasic goal of logisticsA Materials Management: timely
movement of raw materials Parts, andsupplies into and through the firm; and
B - Physical Distribution: movements of the
firms finished products to its customers.
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Differences betweenDomestic and International
LogisticsLogistics Distance Currency variation
Border-Crossing Process (additionalintermediaries) Transportationmodes Packaging and Labelingrequirements Infrastructure
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International
Transportation IssuesInternational Transportation IssuesSome countries may have excellentinbound and outbound transportationsystems but weak internaltransportation links. New routs ofcommerce have opened up Extreme
variations also exist in the frequencyof transportation services.
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Availability of ModesAvailability of Modes Ocean Shipping:liner service (regularly scheduled
passage);tramp service (available for irregular
routes and scheduled on demand)
Container ships, Roll-on-Roll-off(RORO) Air Shipping
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Choice of Modes :
Choice of Modes Predictability:
tracking Transit Time
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International Ocean
Transportation International Ocean TransportationTypes of service
Liner ships Tramp ships
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Liner ships : Liner ships Liner ships travel on a
regular voyage ,following a preestablished schedule withdetermined ports of call
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Tramp ships : Tramp ships They do not operate onregular schedule but travel wherever
the company using the vessel wantsthe cargo delivered.Usually it carryone type of cargo at a time, for oneexporter or importer.
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Types of vesselTypes of vessel :Container Ships, Roll-
on/Roll-off ships, Break bulk ships,Combination ships, Lash ships,Crude carriers ,Dry bulk carriersGas Carriers
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lighter aboard ship
(LASH) The lighter aboard ship (LASH) systemrefers to the practice of loading barges(lighters) aboard a larger vessel fortransport. It was developed in response toa need to transport lighters, a type ofunpowered barge, between The inland
waterways separated by open seas. Thecarrier ships are known variously as LASHcarriers, barge carriers, kangaroo shipsor lighter transport ships.[1]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_%28barge%29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_aboard_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighter_%28barge%29 -
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LASH
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ROLL- ON/ ROLL- OFF
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CONTAINER SHIP
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Break Bulk Ship
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CRUDE/TANKER SHIP
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DRY BULK CARRIER
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GAS CARRIER SHIP
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COMBINATION SHIP
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Conference shipping :
Conference shipping :A group ofshipping companies that operate
vessels competing in the same tradelanes, and they have legally agreed tonot compete on price and chargesame amount for same type of cargoand the same voyage.
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Non conference
shippingNon-conference shipping is provided by theindependent carrier or operator of vessel who isnot a member of a freight conference, sometimes
called outside shipping Independent carriers,which carry about 25% of the ocean freight,operate on selected trade routes in competitionwith conference carriers. Non-conferenceshipping often does not have regular sailingschedules and freight rates between ports.Consequently, it is perceived as less dependablethan conference shipping
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NVOCC NVOCC( Non vessel operatingcommon carriers) - They do not own
and operate ships ;They purchasespace on a ship on a given voyage andsell this space to companies thatneed to ship cargo.
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International Air
transportationTypes of air crafts
1.Passenger air planes2.Combis
3.Airfreighters
4 Charters
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Multi modal
transportationMulti modal transportation Multimodaltransport means at least two different
modes of transportation. In exportshipping, it refers to delivery using acombination of usually ocean and land (railor road) carriers, and using only oneshipping document known as bill of lading
issued usually by the ocean shippingcompany or its agent.
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Customhouse broker
/Agents In general, the role of brokers is the sameworldwide. clearing of goods throughcustoms, booking of space for ocean, airand land freight, canvassing and providingthe freight cost, preparation of exportdocuments. . The broker also renders the
forwarding services as a Freightforwarders
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Packaging for Export Packaging for Export Protecting the
goods in transit from breakageProtecting the goods from waterdamage Protecting the goods frompilferage
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Ocean cargo
Ocean cargo FCL LCL Break bulk
cargo
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Transportation documents
Bill of lading
Air way bill Packing list
from shipping company
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B/L : B/L A Bill of of lading is afundamental shipping document used
in ocean transportation. 1. It is acontract of carriage It is a receiptfor the goods It is a certificate fortitle
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Air way bill : Air way bill An air way bill is a
document that fulfills the samefunction as an ocean bill of lading,But it is non negotiable
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Packing list Packing list A packing list always
accompanies the shipment. It is adocument provided by the exporterthat spell out packing in acargo/shipment in detail.
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Certificates from
Shipping company Certificates from Shipping company
Certificate to prove the age of theship Declaration regarding enrootingof vessel to reach the destination.Other relevant certificate as
required by the importer
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THANK YOU