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Interface Design
Diana Harrelson Hubbard
2010
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More Than Pretty Pictures
Tool
Communication
Interaction
Aesthetics
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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In the Beginning…
Lack of compiled historical documentation
Everything we use has an interface
(Jørgensen, 2008)
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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History in Computing
1950s – Interface as hardware
1960s – Interface as software
1970s – Interface as terminal
1980s – Interface as dialogue
1990s – Interface as work setting
2000s – Interface as interconnected
2010s – Interface as mobile
(Grudin, 1990)
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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By Any Other Name
User Interface Design
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
User Experience Design (UXD)
User Centered Design (UCD)
Window, Icon, Menu, Pointing Device (WIMP)
(Marcus, 1990; Rietz, 2010)
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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Related Areas
Human Computer Interaction (HCI)
Information Architecture (IA)
Information Design
Interaction Design (IXD)
Usability and Accessibility
Heuristics (Marcus, 2005)
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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Related Disciplines
Human Computer Interaction (HCI or CHI)
Cognitive Psychology / Behavioral Science
Human Factors / Ergonomics
Design Anthropology
Computer Science
Information Technology
Graphic Design
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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Web of Science
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Laws, Models, Theories
Fitts’
Hick’s
Applied Semiotics
Direct Manipulation
(Fitts, 1954; Hick, 1952; Kaber, Riley, & Tan, 2002, Rietz, 2010 )
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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Fitts
Time (in msec) = a + b log2 (D/S+1)
(Raskin, 2000; Dix, Finlay, Abowd, & Beale, 2004)
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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Time (in msec) = a + b log2 (n+1)
Hicks
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Example 1 Example 2
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
(Raskin, 2000)
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Applied Semiotics
What do these icons mean?
Why do they mean that?(http://www.iconfinder.com)
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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Direct Manipulation
How did we get to this slide?
Can we go back?
How do we get to the next?
Why is this important?
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
(Kaber, Riley, & Tan, 2002)
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Current Research
Usability
Accessibility
Semiotics
Cultural / Demographic Studies
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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Why Research?
Everything has an interface
Most interfaces can be made more:
Usable
Accessible
Save designers time in iterating and testing
Save user headaches in using
(Hollingsed & Novick, 2007)
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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Potential Research Areas
Information Retrieval
Usability & Accessibility
Digital Divide
Cultural Studies
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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A Glimpse of the Future?
(The Astonishing Tribe, 2010)
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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References
Dix, Finlay, Abowd, & Beale. (2004). Human computer-interaction (3 rd ed.), [Online Resources]. Retrieved from http://www.hcibook.com/e3/online/fitts-cybernetic/
Grudin, J. (1990). The computer reaches out: the historical continuity of interface design. In J. Chew & J. Whiteside (Eds.), Proceeding of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems: Empowering people (pp. 261-268).
Jørgensen, A. H. (2008). Taking stock of user interface history. In Proceedings of the 5th Nordic conference on human-computer interaction: Building bridges (p. 479-482). doi:10.1145/1463160.1463224
Kaber, D. B., Riley, J. M., & Tan, K. (2002). Improved usability of aviation automation through direct manipulation and graphical user interface design. International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 12(2), 153-178. doi:10.1207/S15327108IJAP1202_4
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010
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References Continued
Raskin, J. (2000) The humane interface: New directions for designing interactive systems. Read, MA: Addison Wesley.
Reitz, J. M. (2010). Interface. In Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science. Retrieved from http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_I.cfm#interface
Reitz, J. M. (2010). Graphical User Interface. In Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science. Retrieved from http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_G.cfm#graphicaluser
Reitz, J. M. (2010). Semiotics. In Online Dictionary for Library and Information Science. Retrieved from http://lu.com/odlis/odlis_G.cfm#semiotics
The Astonishing Tribe. (Producer). (2010). The future of screen technology: An open access video. [Video]. Available from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7_mOdi3O5E
Harrelson, SLIS 6000, 2010