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Interest GroupsWilson 11 A
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Who Governs To What Ends
Objective Questions
Do interest groups dominate government, and is any particular lobby politically unbeatable?
Why do people join interest groups?
Is the proliferation of PACs and other groups good or bad for America’s representative democracy?
Should interest groups’ political activities be restricted by law?
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K StreetRow of office-buildings in DC
Home of interest groups and lobbiesMany cleavages between peopleMany entry points into the systemMany opportunities open by weak parties
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Birth of Interest GroupsBegan with independenceExploded in the 1960/70s
Broad economic developmentsFarmers, Unions
Government PoliciesWars, Professional Organizations
Strong LeadershipSocial Movements, Education, Religious Revivals
Expanding Role of Government
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Institutional OrganizationsNon-member groups
Lead by DC lawyers and public relations expertsRepresents business and trade associationsGovernments, foundations, universitiesSmall and specific or large and general
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Membership OrganizationsAmerica is a nation of joiners
ReligiousCivicPolitical
Political efficacyCivic duty
What is the incentive?
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Incentives Solidary – social rewards
LocalPTAAmerican LegionLeague of Women Voters
Material – money, goods and servicesFarm Bureaus AARPNEA
Purposive – causes or principles
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Ideological Interest GroupsCoherent and controversial principlesPurposive
Public Citizen (Nader)Sierra Club (Muir)ACLU
Public Interest – benefits nonmembersMost publicTiming
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Staff InfluenceMore influence in solidary and material groupsDifferent than membersPublicity for purposive groups
Contacts with mediaPublic press releasesCrisis lobbies