Download - Interactive Approach Notes
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An Interactive ApproachBy Nurhuda Tajudin781018016102
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What is reading?The ability to successfully generate meaning from text.
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What is fluent reading?The ability to read at an appropriate rate with adequate comprehension
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What is strategic reading?The ability of the reader to use a wide variety of reading strategies to accomplish a purpose for reading
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What is the goal of reading?
Comprehension
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Factors that influence reading comprehension:The readerThe textInteraction between the reader and the text:StrategiesSchemaPurpose for readingManner of readingFluency
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Models of ReadingBottom-up processing (decoding)
Top-down processing
Interactive approach
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Bottom-up ProcessingReader builds meaning from the smallest units of meaning to achieve comprehension.
Exampleletters letter clusters words phrases sentences longer text meaning = comprehension
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Top-down ProcessingReader generates meaning by employing background knowledge, expectations, assumptions, and questions, and reads to confirm these expectations.
ExamplePre-reading activities (i.e. activating schema, previewing, and predicting) + background knowledge (cultural, linguistic, syntactic, and historical) = comprehension
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Interactive ApproachReader uses both bottom-up and top-down strategies simultaneously or alternately to comprehend the text.
ExampleReader uses top-down strategies until he/she encounters an unfamiliar word, then employs decoding skills to achieve comprehension.
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Interactive Approach
Knowledge base + bottom-up strategies + top-down strategies = comprehension
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The reader must be competent in both bottom-up and top-down processing.
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Interaction (balance) of bottom-up and top-down strategies:Top-down
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Interaction (balance) of bottom-up and top-down strategies:Bottom-up
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Interaction (balance) of bottom-up and top-down strategies:Bottom-upTop-down
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Interaction (balance) of bottom-up and top-down strategies:Bottom-upTop-downBottom-up strategies(phonicsapproach)________________
Examples: decoding using capitalization to infer proper nouns graded reader approach pattern recognition
Top-down strategies(whole languageapproach)________________
Examples: using background knowledge predicting guessing the meaning of unknown words from context skimming/scanning
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The End
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