Download - INFO 105 1 Human Information Behavior (HIB) What is information behavior? What is “information”?
INFO 105 1
Human Information Behavior (HIB)
• What is information behavior?
• What is “information”?
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Human Information Behavior (HIB)
“the totality of human behavior in relation to sources and channels of information, including both active and passive information seeking, and information use”
(Wilson, 2000)
“how people need, seek, give, and use information in different contexts”
(Pettigrew et al, 2001)
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The classic information retrieval model
Document Information Need
QueryDocument representation
Match
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Paradigm shift in studying information needs & uses
• System-oriented– Examines use of information systems and
information services; barriers to the use; satisfaction reports.
– Tries to explain differences: demographic, sociological, life style, task description, etc
• User-centered – “information” as something constructed by
people– Understanding information use in particular
situations– Asks “how questions”
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Information needs & uses- two central concepts
• Information?– Any message, document or information resource– Any publicly available symbolic material– Any data
• Information need: a state of needing “information”• Information as
– Capable of transforming image structures– Alters the cognitive structure of a receiver
• Information needs as– When a person recognizes something wrong in state of
knowledge and wishes to resolve the anomaly (Belkin, 1978)
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An information behavior model as a way of thinking of the field
adopted from Wilson 1999: Models in Information Behaviour Research,
Journal of Documentation, 55(3)
Context?
Choice of
channel?
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Information needs and seeking
(adopted from Wilson 1999: Models in Information Behaviour Research, Journal of Documentation, 55(3))
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Krikelas’s Information-Seeking Behavior Model
Adapted from Krikelas, James (1983) Information seeking behavior: Patterns and concepts.
Drexel Library Quarterly, 19, 5-
20.
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Sense-Making theory by Dervin
Facing a gappy situation. From “Sense-Making Methodology: Communicating Communicatively With Campaign Audiences” by B. Dervin & M. Frenette, 2003.
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Bates’ berry-picking model
• Real-life queries change and evolve during the course of searching At each stage, with each different conception
of the query, the user may identify useful information and references. In other words, the query is satisfied not by a single final retrieved set, but a serious of selections of individual references and bits of information at each stage of the ever-modifying search. (1989, p. 410)
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Kuhlthau’s Information Search Process
• ISP stages: – Initiation– Selection– Exploration– Formulation– Collection– Presentation
• Each stage represents the primary task at each point; Thoughts, feelings, and actions commonly experienced were identified in each stage of the process
• Uncertainty principle: uncertainty is a cognitive state that commonly causes affective symptoms of anxiety and lack of confidence