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Industrial Affiliates Workshop, Feb. 2007
Femtosecond enhancement cavities for generation of light at extreme wavelengths
R. Jason Jones
College of Optical SciencesUniversity of Arizona
Email: [email protected]
Graduate Student:James Johnson
Funding:National Science Foundation
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Research Interests…
• Ultrafast Optical Science
• Optical Frequency Metrology
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Research Interests…
• Ultrafast Optical Science
• Optical Frequency Metrology
Generation of coherent light at “extreme” wavelengths
Precision spectroscopy in the vacuum ultraviolet
next generation atomic clocks tests of fundamental physics
e-
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Research Interests…
• Ultrafast Optical Science10-100 fs
State of the art until ~5 years ago
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Research Interests…
• Ultrafast Optical Science<1 fs
State of the art today…carrier phase control
attosecond timing dynamics access to high electric field strengths coherent addition and synthesis
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Research Interests…
• Ultrafast Optical Science<1 fs
State of the art today…carrier phase control
attosecond timing dynamics access to high electric field strengths coherent addition and synthesis
laser
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Research Interests…
• Ultrafast Optical Science<1 fs
laser
State of the art today…carrier phase control
attosecond timing dynamics access to high electric field strengths coherent addition and synthesis
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Femtosecond enhancement cavities
laser
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Femtosecond enhancement cavities
laser
Xenon Plasma
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Femtosecond enhancement cavities
laser
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0765.5765.0
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0820.0819.0818.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0
Abso
rptio
n (a.
u.)
850840830820810800790780770760Wavelength (nm)
H2O O2
NH3
spectroscopy
Xenon Plasma
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Femtosecond enhancement cavities
laser
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0765.5765.0
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0820.0819.0818.0
1.6
1.2
0.8
0.4
0.0
Abso
rptio
n (a.
u.)
850840830820810800790780770760Wavelength (nm)
H2O O2
NH3
spectroscopyExtreme
Nonlinear optics
Xenon Plasma
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•Nonlinear frequency upconversion in a dilute gas
• Harmonics generated into “soft” x-ray regime Microscopy and biological imaging (> 250 eV)
EUV holographyNanolithographyAttosecond pulse generation
…•Traditional method: Single pass with amplified pulse
VUV light source
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VUV light source
Femtosecond enhancement cavity - Ideally suited for HHG
–Low intra-cavity losses (low conversion efficiency)–Power is “recycled”–Maintains high repetition rate
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VUV light source
Femtosecond enhancement cavity - Ideally suited for HHG
–Low intra-cavity losses (low conversion efficiency)–Power is “recycled”–Maintains high repetition rate
3rd harmonic (266 nm)
5th harmonic (160 nm)
7th harmonic(114 nm)
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Gas jet
Focusing mirror
drilled mirror Coherent EUV light
Higher-order cavity mode
VUV light sourceVUV light source
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- TEM0,1 mode- ~ 275 micron hole
Numerical calculations
fs enhancement cavities with higher-order spatial modesfs enhancement cavities with higher-order spatial modes
Hole diameter (microns)
10-1
10-2
10-3
10-4
Los
s
Cavity loss L~ 0.16%
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2-color femtosecond enhancement cavities
fs laser 2
fs laser 1
FEC chamber
• Coherent pulse synthesis
• Efficient HHG
•Terahertz Generation
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Summary
• Femtosecond enhancement cavities
High-field nonlinear optics Generation of coherent light at extreme wavelengths
• Precision spectroscopy in the vacuum-ultraviolet
Next generation optical clocksPrecision tests of fundamental physics
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•Precision tests of fundamental physics• Hydrogen: 1S-2S, 243 nm (Hänsch et. al.)• Helium: 11S- 2 1P, 58.4 nm (Hogervorst, Ubachs et.al.)
11S- 2 1S, 120 nm ( Eyler et. al.)
•High-resolution spectroscopy of multi-electron atoms(compare with quantum-defect theory)
• Xenon: 105 nm (Ubachs et. al., 2001) • Krypton: 88 nm (Bellini et al, 2002)
212 nm (Eikema et. al., 2005)
•Applications•Extreme-UV atomic clocks
• Efficient production of metastable statese.g. atomic lithography
0Q
e-
Precision spectroscopy in the vacuum-ultravioletPrecision spectroscopy in the vacuum-ultraviolet