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International Energy Agency >About us> Glossary
The following definitions reflect those used by the International Energy Agency (IEA); definitions used by other
organisations and publications may vary.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
AAU
assigned amount unit
active solar thermal
active solar thermal
APEC
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
API
American Petroleum Institute
APP
Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate
ARRA
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
ASEAN
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASHP
air-source heat pumps
Acronyms & Abbreviations Glossary of terms Units of Measure
Glossary
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AST
active solar thermal
BAT
best available technology
BAU
business-as-usual, implying no change in policies, no government intervention
BCC
biomass co-combustion
BEE
Bureau of Energy Efficiency (India)
BEV
battery electric vehicles
BF
blast furnace
BFBC
bubbling fluidised-bed combustion (boiler type)
BIGCC
biomass-integrated gasification with combined cycle
Bio-SNG
bio-synthetic natural gas
BOF
basic oxygen furnace
BPT
best practical technology
BRICBrazil, Russia, India, China
BRICS
Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa
BRIICS
Brazil, Russia, India, Indonesia, South Africa
BTL
http://www.bee-india.nic.in/ -
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biomass-to-liquids
CAAGR
compound average annual growth rate
CAFE
corporate average fuel economy (standards in the US)
CAPEX
capital expenditures
CBE
Committee on Budget and Expenditure (of the IEA); also indicated as Budget Committee
CBM
coalbed methane
CBTLcoal-and-biomass-to-liquids
CCGT
combined-cycle gas turbine
CCHP
combined cooling, heat and power
CCRC
Climate Change Research Centre
CCS
carbon capture and storage
CCT
clean coal technologies
CCXG
Climate Change Experts Group
CDM
Clean Development Mechanism
CDQ
coke dry quenching
CDU
crude distillation unit
http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/index.htmlhttp://www.oecd.org/document/44/0,3746,en_2649_34361_1904108_1_1_1_1,00.html -
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CEM
Clean Energy Ministerial
CEQ
Council on Environmental Quality(United States)
CER
Certified Emission Reductions issued by CDM Executive Board, representing 1 tonne of CO2 equivalent
CERT
Committee on Energy Research and Technology (of the IEA)
CFBC
circulating fluidised-bed combustion (boiler technology)
CFI
commercial financial institutions
CFL
compact fluorescent lamp
CH4
methane
CHP
combined heat and power (generation)
CIAB
Coal Industry Advisory Board
CIF
Climate Investment Fund
CLEEN
Cluster for Energy and the Environment (Finland)
CMMcoal mine methane
CNG
compressed natural gas
CO
carbon monoxide
CO2
http://www.iea.org/ciab/http://cdm.unfccc.int/EB/index.htmlhttp://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/ceq/ -
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carbon dioxide
CO2-eq
carbon-dioxide equivalent
COD
chemical oxygen demand
COG
coke-oven gas
COP
Conference of the Parties
CPC
Caspian Pipeline Consortium
CPOGTCollaborative Platform on Oil and Gas Technologies
CPRS
Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme
CSG
coal seam gas
CSH
concentrating solar heating
CSLF
Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
CSM
coal seam methane
CSP
concentrating solar power
CSPG
China Southern Power Grid
CSS
cyclic steam stimulation
CTC
coal to chemicals
http://eng.csg.cn/http://www.cslforum.org/http://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/convention_bodies/items/2629.php -
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CTF
Clean Technology Fund (World Bank)
CTG
coal-to-gas
CTL
coal-to-liquids
DER
distributed energy resources, such as PV photo voltaic solar and wind
DFI
development finance institution
DH
district heating
DHC
district heating and cooling
DME
dimethyl ether
DOE
Department of Energy (United States)
DOI
Department of the Interior (United States)
DOT
Department of Transportation (United States)
DRI
direct reduced iron
E&Pexploration and production
EAF
electric arc furnace
EC
European Commission
ECA
http://ec.europa.eu/index_en.htmhttp://www.dot.gov/http://www.doi.gov/index.cfmhttp://www.energy.gov/ -
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export credit agency
ECBM
enhanced coalbed methane recovery
EDI
Energy Development Index
EEA
European Economic Area
EERE
Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy (United States)
EET
Emerging Energy Technologies Programme (United Kingdom)
EEWPEnergy Efficiency Working Party
EFRC
Energy Frontier Research Center (United States)
EFTA
European Free Trade Association
EGR
enhanced gas recovery
EGRD
Experts Group on R&D Priority-Setting and Evaluation
EGSE
Experts Group on Science for Energy, (formerly known as theAd HocGroup on Science and Energy Technologies)
EIA
Energy Information Administration (United States)
EITs
economies in transition: Russia, Former Soviet Union (FSU) and East & Central Europe (ECE)
ENARD
electricity networks analysis, research and development
EOR
enhanced oil recovery
http://www.eia.doe.gov/http://www.iea.org/about/ahgset.asphttp://www.iea.org/about/experts.asphttp://www.efta.int/http://www.iea.org/about/eewp.asphttp://www.hse.gov.uk/eet/index.htmhttp://www.eere.energy.gov/http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/development_index.asp -
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EPA
Environmental Protection Agency(United States)
EPC
engineering, procurement and construction
ERE
Emergency Response Exercise
ERR
Emergency Response Review
ERU
emission reduction units
ES
electricity storage
ESCO
energy service company
ESMIG
European Smart Meters Industry Group
ETBE
ethyl tertiary butyl ether
ETC
energy technology collaboration
ETI
Energy Technologies Institute (United Kingdom)
ETP
Energy Technology Perspectives(IEA publication)
ETSemissions trading scheme
EU
European Union
EU ETS
European Union Emissions Trading System
EUA
http://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/ets/index_en.htmhttp://europa.eu/index_en.htmhttp://www.iea.org/techno/etp/index.asphttp://www.energytechnologies.co.uk/Home.aspxhttp://www.epa.gov/ -
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European Union allowances
EUP
Energy-using product
EURIMA
European Mineral Wool Manufacturers Association
Eurostat
Eurostatis the statistical office of the European Union
EUWP
Working Party on Energy End-Use Technologies
EV
electric vehicle
ExternEexternal costs of energy (research project of the European Commission)
FAME
fatty acid methyl ester
FAO
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
FBC
fluidised bed combustion
FCV
fuel-cell vehicles
FDI
foreign direct investment
FERC
Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (United States)
FFV
flex-fuel vehicle
FID
final investment decision
FIT
feed-in tariff
http://www.ferc.gov/http://www.fao.org/http://www.iea.org/about/euwp.asphttp://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/eurostat/home/http://www.eurima.org/ -
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FOB
free-on-board
FP
framework programmes for research and technology development
FPCC
Fusion Power Co-ordinating Committee(Fusion Working Party)
FSU
Former Soviet Union
FYP
five-year plan
G20
group of 20 finance ministers and central bank governors. The group is made up of all G8 members, plus Argentina,
Australia, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea and Turkey. The EuropeanUnion is the twentieth member.
G2V
grid-to-vehicle
G8
group of eight industrialised nations Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom and the
United States.
GCCSI
Global Carbon Capture and Storage Institute
GDP
gross domestic product
GFCF
gross fixed capital formation
GHG
greenhouse gases
GHP
geothermal heat pumps
GIS
geographic information systems
GIS
Green Investment Scheme
http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/http://www.iea.org/about/FPCC.asp -
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GREET
The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation Model
GSHP
ground-source heat pumps
GTL
gas-to-liquids
H2
hydrogen
H20
water
HAPs
hazardous air pollutants
HC
hydrocarbons
HDI
Human Development Index
HDV
heavy-duty vehicle
HDVC
high voltage direct current
HFCV
hydrogen fuel cell vehicle
HFO
heavy fuel oil
hi NUChigh nuclear scenario (in IEA modelling and publications)
hi REN
high renewables scenario (in IEA modelling and publications)
HLW
high-level waste
HPI
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Human Poverty Index
HSE
Health & Safety Executive (United Kingdom)
HSPF
heating seasonal performance factor
HSR
high-speed rail
HTS
high temperature superconductor
HVAC
heating, ventilation and air conditioning
HVChigh-value chemical
HVDC
high-voltage direct current line
IA
Implementing Agreements also known as (of the IEA):
Advanced Fuel Cells (AFCIA)
Advanced Materials for Transportation (AMT IA)
Advanced Motor Fuels (AMF IA)
Bioenergy (Bioenergy IA)
Buildings and Community Systems (ECBCS IA)
Clean Coal Centre (CCC IA)
Climate Technology Initiative (CTI IA)
Co-operation on Tokamak Programmes (CTP IA)
Demand-Side Management (DSM IA)
District Heating and Cooling, including the Integration of Combined Heat and Power (DHC IA)
Efficient Electrical End-Use Equipment (4E IA)
Electricity Networks Analysis, Research & Development (ENARD IA)
Emissions Reduction in Combustion (Combustion IA)
Energy Storage (ECES IA)
Energy Technology Data Exchange (ETDE IA)
Energy Technology Systems Analysis Programme (ETSAP IA)
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR IA)
Environmental, Safety and Economic Aspects of Fusion Power (ESE Fusion Power IA)
Fluidized Bed Conversion (FBC IA)
Fusion Materials (Fusion Materials IA)
Geothermal (Geothermal IA)
Greenhouse Gas (GHG IA)
Heat Pumping Technologies (Heat Pumps IA)
http://www.hse.gov.uk/ -
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High-Temperature Superconductivity on the Electric Power Sector (HTS IA)
Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (HEV IA)
Hydrogen (Hydrogen IA)
Hydropower (Hydropower IA)
Industrial Energy-Related Technologies and Systems (IETS IA)
Multiphase Flow Sciences (Multiphase IA)
Nuclear Technology of Fusion Reactors (NTFR IA)
Ocean Energy Systems (OES IA)
Photovoltaic Power Systems (PVPS IA)
Plasma Wall Interaction in TEXTOR (Textor IA)
Renewable Energy Technology Deployment (RETD IA)
Reversed Field Pinches (RFP IA)
Smart Grids
Solar Heating and Cooling (SHC IA)
SolarPACES (SolarPACES IA)
Spherical Tori (Spherical Tori IA)
Stellarator-Heliotron Concept (Stellarator/Heliotron IA)
Wind Energy Systems (Wind IA)
IABIndustry Advisory Board (of the IEA)
IAEA
International Atomic Energy Agency
ICE
internal combustion engine
ICRP
Initial Contingency Response Plan
ICT
information and communications technologies
ICUK
Innovation China-United Kingdom
IDR
In-Depth Reviews (IEA publications focusing on specific countries)
IEA
International Energy Agency
IEF
International Energy Forum
IEP
integrated energy policy
http://www.ief.org/Pages/index.aspxhttp://www.iea.org/techno/ia.asphttp://www.iaea.org/ -
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IEP Agreement
Agreement on an International Energy Program
IGCC
integrated gasification combined cycle
IIGCC
Institutional Investors Group on Climate Change
ILCETP
International Low-Carbon Energy Technology Platform
ILO
International Labour Organization
IMF
International Monetary Fund
INCR
Investor Network on Climate Risk
IOC
international oil company
IOE
International Organisation of Employers
IOF
industries of the future
IPCC
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
IPEEC
International Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation
IPOinitial public offering
IPP
independent power producer
IPR
intellectual property rights
IRENA
http://www.ipcc.ch/http://www.ioe-emp.org/http://www.incr.com/http://www.imf.org/external/index.htmhttp://www.iea.org/aboutus/glossary/International%20Labour%20Organizationhttp://www.iigcc.org/http://www.iea.org/about/docs/IEP.PDF -
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The International Renewable Energy Agency
IRR
internal rates of return
ISL
in situ leaching
ISO
International Organisation for Standardisation
ITER
International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, a collaborative organisation to establish fusion as a new source of
energy.
ITUC
International Trade Union Confederation
JI
joint implementation under Kyoto Protocol
JODI
Joint Organisations Data Initiative(IEA database)
kWe
kilowatt electrical capacity
KWES
(booklet published by the IEA)
LBNL
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
LCD
liquid crystal display
LCETP
Low-Carbon Energy Technology Platform
LCOE
levelised cost of energy
LCV
light commercial vehicle
LDC
http://www.lbl.gov/http://www.jodidata.org/http://www.ituc-csi.org/http://www.iter.org/http://www.iso.org/iso/home.htmlhttp://www.irena.org/ -
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least-developed country
LDV
light-duty vehicle
LED
light-emitting diode
LEDC
least economically developed country
LFR
linear Fresnel reflectors
LHV
lower heating value
LNGliquefied natural gas
LOR
licence of right
LPG
liquefied petroleum gas
LRMC
long run marginal cost
LULUCF
land-use, land-use change and forestry
M&A
mergers and acquisitions
MARKAL model
Market allocation model
MCFC
molten carbonate fuel cells
MDB
multilateral development bank
MDGs
Millennium Development Goals(United Nations)
http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/http://www.iea.org/aboutus/glossary/glossary_M.asp -
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MEF
Major Economies Forum on Energy and Climate
MENA
Middle East and North Africa
MEP
minimum energy performance
MEPS
minimum energy performance standard
MER
market exchange rate
MNRE
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (India)
MOE
molten oxide electrolysis
MoMo
mobility modelling (transport sector model developed by the IEA)
MOP
Meeting of the Parties
MOTMR
(publication of the IEA)
MSC
multiple service contract
MTBE
methyl tertiary butyl ether
MTOmethanol-to-olefin
N2O
nitrous oxide
NAMA
nationally appropriate mitigation action
NAP
http://www.mnre.gov.in/http://www.majoreconomiesforum.org/ -
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national allocation plan, under the EU ETS, each government must produce a national allocation plan
NAPCC
National Action Plan on Climate Change (India)
NBP
national balancing point
NDRC
National Development and Reform Commission (China)
NEA
Nuclear Energy Agency(an agency within the OECD)
NEC
National Energy Commission (China)
NEDCNew European Driving Cycle
NEEDS
New Energy Externalities Development for Sustainability (research project for the European Commission)
NEET
Network of Expertise in Energy Technology, an initiative to enhance collaboration between OECD and non-member
countries (launched in May 2006)
NEP
National Electricity Policy (India)
NESO
National Emergency Strategy Organisation (from the IEAs Emergency Policy Division)
NET
Network Unit (within the IEA Energy Technology Policy [ETP] Division)
NEWNE
Synchronous grid operation of northern, eastern, western and north-eastern grids (India)
NGCC
natural gas combined cycle
NGL
natural gas liquid
NGO
http://www.powermin.nic.in/whats_new/national_electricity_policy.htmhttp://www.oecd-nea.org/http://en.ndrc.gov.cn/http://pmindia.nic.in/climate_change.htm -
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non-governmental organisation
NGOC
natural gas open-cycle
NGV
natural gas vehicle
NIMBY
not in my back yard
NMEE
National Mission on Enhanced Energy Efficiency (India)
NOC
national oil company
NOxnitrogen oxides
NSM
National Solar Mission (India)
NTP
National Tariff Policy (India)
NYMEX
New York Mercantile Exchange
NZEC
near-zero emissions coal project
O&M
operation and maintenance
OCGT
open-cycle gas turbine
OCM
oxidative coupling of methane
ODA
official development assistance
ODI
outward direct investment
http://india.gov.in/allimpfrms/alldocs/15659.pdf -
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OECD
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OEM
original equipment manufacturer
OHF
open-hearth furnace
OLADE
Organizacion Latinoamericana de Energia
OLIS
Online Information System, an OECD/IEA system for submitting official documents for OECD and IEA committees,
standing groups and working parties
OME
other major economies
OMR
Oil Market Report(IEA publication)
OPEC
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
ORC
organic Rankine cycle
OSTP
Office of Science and Technology Policy (United States)
OTEC
ocean thermal energy conversion
p.p.
percentage points
PAFC
phosphoric acid fuel cells
PAR
performance appraisal report
PCC
pulverised coal combustion
http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/eop/ostphttp://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/http://www.oilmarketreport.org/http://www.olade.org.ec/http://www.oecd.org/home/0,2987,en_2649_201185_1_1_1_1_1,00.html -
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PCFV
Partnership for Clean Fuels and Vehicles
PCI
pulverised coal injection
PDS
public distribution system
PE
private equity
PEFC
polymer electrolyte fuel cells
PEM
proton exchange membrane
PHEV
plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
PLDV
passenger light-duty vehicle
PM
particulate matter
PM2.5
particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less
PPI
Private Participation in Infrastructure
PPP
purchasing power parity
PSAproduction-sharing agreement
PV
photovoltaic
R&D
research and development
RD&D
http://www.unep.org/transport/pcfv/ -
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research, development and demonstration
RDD&D
research, development, demonstration and deployment
RE
renewable energy (renewables)
RECaBS
renewable energy costs and benefits for society
REP
rural electrification policy (India)
RES
renewable energy sources
RET(s)renewable energy technology(ies)
REWP
Working Party on Renewable Energy Technologies
RGGI
Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (United States)
ROW
rest of the world
RPK
revenue passenger kilometers
SA
sectoral agreement
SAGD
steam-assisted gravity drainage
SBN
Sustainable Buildings Network
SC
supercritical
SCCF
Special Climate Change Fund
http://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/financial_mechanism/special_climate_change_fund/items/3657.phphttp://www.iea.org/sbn/http://www.rggi.org/homehttp://www.iea.org/about/rewp.htm -
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SCO
synthetic crude oil
SEQ
The Standing Group on Emergency Questions(of the IEA)
SGCC
State Grid Corporation of China
SGD
Standing Group on Global Energy Dialogue(of the IEA)
SLT
Standing Group on Long-Term Co-operation(of the IEA)
SNG
synthetic natural gas
SO2
sulphur dioxide
SOFC
solid oxide fuel cells
SOM
Standing Group on the Oil Market(of the IEA)
SRMC
short-run marginal cost
SUV
sport-utility vehicle
SWF
sovereign wealth funds
Synfuelsynthetic fuel
Syngas
synthetic gas
T&D
transmission and distribution (of electricity)
TAME
http://www.iea.org/about/stansom.htmhttp://www.iea.org/about/stanslt.htmhttp://www.iea.org/about/stansgd.htmhttp://www.sgcc.com.cn/ywlm/default.shtmlhttp://www.iea.org/about/stanseq.htm -
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tertiary amyl methyl ether
TCB
Energy Training & Capacity Building Programme (of the IEA)
TERI
The Energy and Resources Institute (India)
TFC
total final consumption
TGC
tradable green certificate
TPED
total primary energy demand
TPEStotal primary energy supply
TTW
tank-to-wheel
UAE
United Arab Emirates
UCG
underground coal gasification
ULCOS
ultra-low CO2 steelmaking
UN
United Nations
UN COMTRADE
United Nations Commodity Trade Statistics Database
UNCTAD
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNDP
United Nations Development Programme
UNEP
United Nations Environment Programme
http://www.unep.org/http://www.undp.org/http://www.unctad.org/Templates/StartPage.asp?intItemID=2068http://comtrade.un.org/http://www.un.org/http://www.teriin.org/index.php -
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UNFCCC
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNIDO
United Nations Industrial Development Organization
UNIPEDE
International Union of Producers and Distributors of Electrical Energy
UNSD
United Nations Statistics Division
US AID
United States Agency for International Development
USC
ultra-supercritical
USCSC
ultra-supercritical steam cycle
USGS
United States Geological Survey
UT
union territories (India)
V2G
vehicle-to-grid
varRE or VRE
variable renewable energy
VC
venture capital
VCvoluntary contribution (IEA funding mechanism)
VOC
volatile organic compound
WBCSD
World Business Council for Sustainable Development
WEC
http://www.wbcsd.org/templates/TemplateWBCSD5/layout.asp?MenuID=1http://www.usgs.gov/http://www.usaid.gov/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/default.htmhttp://www.unido.org/http://unfccc.int/2860.php -
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