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HistoricalArtistic Movements
1800’s - Present
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Identify some of the most popular Western art movements of the past several centuries
Chose an inspirational art movement upon which to base a dream room design
Use design features in the dream room that reflect characteristics of chosen art movement
Objectives
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Definition- A group of artists who agree on general principles
Historians and art critics have categorized artwork into different “movements” based on the style and time period it was created in
What is an Artistic Movement?
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Throughout our history, artists have come together and created work that reflects the time period they were living in
Each new art movement was usually born out of a revolt of previous movements and ideas. Artists were always pushing the boundaries of what was considered acceptable. They were always rebellious!
What is an Artistic Movement?
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Analogy: Art Movements are like styles and trends in fashion
Every few years, people rebel against the norm, and new trends emerge that remain grounded in a certain time period
However, multiple styles can exist at once (i.e. punk, preppy, hipster, classic, etc.)
What is an Artistic Movement?
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Started in France and Britain
It’s an emotional style that is individualistic, beautiful, exotic, and emotionally wrought
Artists: Francisco Goya, William Blake, JMW Turner, Eugene Delacroix
Romanticism (1800 – 1880)
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Romanticism (1800 – 1880)
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Started in America in the Hudson River Valley
Landscape painters were influenced by Romanticism
Artists: Thomas Cole, Charles Baker, Albert Bierstadt
Hudson River School (1825 – 1885)
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Hudson River School (1825 – 1885)
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Began in France as a revolt against the exotic subject matter and exaggerated emotionalism and drama of the Romantic movement
Artists sought to portray real and typical contemporary people and situations with truth and accuracy
Artists: Gustave Courbet,Jean-Francois Millet, Edouard Manet
Realism (1850 – 1870)
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Realism (1850 – 1870)
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Began in Paris
Paintings of outdoors scenes had loose brush strokes and bright colors
Artists: Claude Monet, Camille Pissarro, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Edgar Degas,John Singer Sargent
Impressionism (1867 – 1886)
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Impressionism (1867 – 1886)
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French artists extended Impressionism while rejecting its limitations
Used vivid colors and brush strokes, but distorted form for expressive effect, and used unnatural or arbitrary colors
Artists: Georges Seurat,Paul Cezanne, Vincent Van Gogh, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Paul Gauguin
Post-Impressionism (1880 – 1920)
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Post-Impressionism (1880 – 1920)
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Began in Germany at the turn of the 20th century
The artist evoked emotion through distortion, exaggeration, primitivism, fantasy, and non-naturalistic and exuberant colors
Artists: Henri Matisse, Edvard Munch, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Amedeo Modigliani, Max Beckmann
Fauvism / Expressionism (1900 – 1925)
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Fauvism / Expressionism (1900 – 1925)
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Took Europe by storm at the turn of the century
As a rejection of all previous traditions, art is broken down into its most simple elements (line, shape, space, etc.)
Artists: Piet Mondrian, Mark Rothko
Early Modernism (1890 – 1910)
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Early Modernism (1890 – 1910)
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Began in Paris by Picasso and Braque
Cubists broke from centuries of tradition in their paintings by rejecting the single viewpoint
Artists: Georges Braque, Pablo Picasso, Juan Gris, Paul Klee, Marc Chagall, Marcel Duchamp
Cubism (1908– 1914)
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Cubism (1908– 1914)
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Began in Italy
Glorified themes in painting and sculpture associated with the future, including speed, technology, youth and violence, and objects such as the car, the airplane, and the industrial city
Artists: Giacomo Balla, Umberto Boccioni
Futurism (1909– 1944)
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Futurism (1909– 1944)
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Began in Paris, and emerged from Dadaism
Dedicated to expressing the imagination as revealed in dreams, artists painted unnerving, illogical scenes and created strange creatures from everyday objects
Artists: Salvador Dali, Rene Magritte, Max Earnst, MC Escher, Frida Kahlo
Surrealism (1920s– 1930s)
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Surrealism (1920s– 1930s)
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Also known as the “New Negro Movement,” began in Harlem, NY
An African-American movement depicting daily life in Harlem
Artists: Jacob Lawrence, Romare Bearden
Harlem Renaissance (1920s– 1930s)
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Harlem Renaissance (1920s– 1930s)
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Started in NY, post WWII
Aimed at subjective emotional expression with a particular emphasis on the creative spontaneous act (like action painting)
Artists: Wassily Kandinsky, Jackson Pollock, Willem De Kooning, Francis Bacon
Abstract Expressionism (1940 – 1960s)
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Abstract Expressionism (1940 – 1960s)
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Started Britain in the 1950s, and the U.S. in the 1960s
Mocks popular culture by using everyday items, like Campbell’s Soup Cans and advertisements in artwork
Artists: Roy Lichtenstein, Andy Warhol, Claus Oldenburg
Pop Art (1950s – 1960s)
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Pop Art (1950s – 1960s)
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Began in different places when certain artists started experimenting with illusions
Called “Optical” Art, this genre makes use of optical illusions in artwork
Artists: Bridget Riley, Victor Vasarely
Op Art (1960s)
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Op Art (1960s)
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Born out of cultural revolutions in the 1960s worldwide
It’s a rejection of the norm; a more eclectic and populist approach to creativity. ANYTHING can be considered ‘art’
Artists: Keith Haring, Fernando Botero, Damien Hirst, Kara Walker, Jasper Johns
Postmodernism (1960s - Present)
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Post-Modernism (1960s - Present)
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These were just the most well-known Western Art Movements from 1800-Present
Other cultures have their own history of art creation (Folk Art, African Art, Japanese Art, Aboriginal Art, etc.)
You may choose to research one non-Western Art movement, if you feel strongly about doing so
Movements From Other Cultures