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Wood Tracking Project in Indonesia:
Diospyros celebica in Sulawesi
Presented by: A Research Team of IPB, WRI, UNSYIAH & FOERDIA
IAWA-IUFRO & GTTN-IAWA INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, CHINA, 2019
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Introduction Progress – SFM Certification
Progress of PHPL (Management of Sustainable Production Forest) and SLK (Certification of Timber Legality) certification, as of December 2017 (DJPHPL-MoEF, 2018)
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Introduction Timber Legality System - SVLK
Source: Maryudi (2016)
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Introduction
Timber trade of
Ebenaceae
23 commercial
species
6 luxury woods species
1 endemic species
Diospyros celebica (Ebony)
Djarwanto et al. 2017
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Introduction • Endemic to Sulawesi Island (South
Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi and North Sulawesi)
• Slow growing species
•Vulnerable species (IUCN 2019)
• Timber for carving, inlay, furniture and musical instruments
• Problem: Illegal logging
Cross Section Trunk
Illegal Wood Log
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How to prevent the Illegal logging?
What can be done?
Research Questions
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Questions • Where are the sample collection sites? • How to get a samples?
Wood Sample
Collection
DNA Analysis
Wood Anatomy Analysis
Isotope Analysis
Chemical Compound
Analysis
Solution: Wood Tracking
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•Main objective: To setting up a reference data building pipeline for DNA of commercial timber species, Diospyros celebica Bakh. (Ebony)
•Specific objectives: To collect physical timber reference material and extract its associated DNA for the species Diospyros celebica Bakh. (Ebony).
Objectives
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Activity#1: Wood Collection (Concentrated Species:
Diospyros celebica) in Sulawesi
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Objective
To prepare the necessary permits and update the current distribution of
Diospyros celebica in Sulawesi
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16 Sites 20 Individual/site Total sample n= 320
No Province Regency Sub-district Sampling Sites
1 South Sulawesi Maros Batimurung Bulusaraung National Park
Hasanuddin University Teaching Forest
Barru Barru Coppo Village
Sidenreng
Rappang
(Sidrap)
Pituriase Tana Toro Protection Forest
Gowa Parangleo Bellabori
Luwu Timur Mangkutana Ponda-Ponda Nature Reserve
Mangkutana Kalaena Nature Reserve
Mangkutana Mango Lembo Village
Mangkutana Pegunungan Faruhumpeni Nature Reserve
Luwu Larompong Temboe Education Forest and Tourism
Bone Ulaweng Cani Sirenreng Nature Park
2 West Sulawesi Mamuju Papalang Batu Papang Village
Papalang Palado
3 Central
Sulawesi
Marowali Lembo Wawopada Village
Parigi Moutong Sausu Sausu Village
Pangi Binangga Nature Reserve
Poso Poso Pesisir Peawa Oti Montane Forest
Donggala Gunung Sojol Nature Reserve
D. celebica Wood Sampling Sites
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Research & Collection Permits
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Field Work: GPS, Tree Measurement
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Field Works: Herbarium Collection
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Field Works: Core Wood Collection
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Field Works: Leaf Collection
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Lab Work: Lab Work: Wood Anatomical Structure Analysis
Xylarium Bogoriense
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Activity#2: DNA Extraction from Ebony (Diospyros
celebica Bakh.) Dry Wood Samples Collected Using Pickering Punch
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Objective
To develop the most efficient method of obtaining DNA from tissues of dry ebony
wood, which collected using Pickering Punch tool.
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Figure 1. The workflow of ebony wood core extraction using Pickering Punch.
1. Core Wood Extraction from Tree Stand Using
Pickering Punch (Agroisolab, UK)
Materials & Methods
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Core Wood Sample Collection
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Figure 2. The workflow of ebony dry wood DNA extraction.
2. Genomics DNA Extraction from Dry Wood Using
CTAB Method
+ Dremel Grinding
Dremel + Manual Grinding
+
Materials & Methods
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Tree No. Homogenization Method DNA Conc. (ng/µl) Purity (A260/280)
1 Dremel 215.25 2.532
Dremel+manual grinding 335.60 2.011
2 Dremel 166.50 2.595
Dremel+manual grinding 242.75 2.104
Tree No. Homogenization Method DNA Conc. (ng/µl) Purity (A260/280)
1 Dremel 215.25 2.532
Dremel+manual grinding 335.60 2.011
2 Dremel 166.50 2.595
Dremel+manual grinding 242.75 2.104
Table 1 Presents concentrations and quality of the obtained DNA using two different homogenization methods.
Results & Discussion
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• The first collection of samples has just been carried out in Sulawesi comprising herbarium, leaves and core wood.
• Modification of combined the use of “dremel + manual grinding” for sample homogenization proved to be reliable and it can be recommended as a good alternative when extracting DNA from dry wood.
Closing Remarks
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Thank you Iskandar Z. Siregar, Fifi Gus Dwiyanti, Essy Harnelly, Muhammad Majiidu, Lina
Karlinasari, Ratih Damayanti, M Rafi, Meaghan Parker-Forney