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NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE IN PRACTICE: IAEA GLOBAL APPROACH
20 March 2014, Amsterdam
Khammar Mrabit
Director, Division of Nuclear Security International Atomic Energy Agency
EU High-Level Event on :International cooperation
to enhance a world wide nuclear security culture
EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam 1
IMPORTANCE OF NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE
NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE • Management System • Behaviour (Leadership/ personnel)
Unauthorized Removal RDD (Radiological Dispersal
Devices)
Public Security Events Sabotage at Facilities & Activities
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IAEA GENERAL CONFERENCE RESOLUTIONS
GC(57)/RES/10, Sep. 2013
POLITICAL RECOGNITION AND SUPPORT (1)
EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
15. Encourages the Secretariat,…. to foster NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE through nuclear security EDUCATION AND TRAINING and collaborative networks, including through the establishment of NUCLEAR SECURITY SUPPORT CENTRES (NSSCS) and through the INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY EDUCATION NETWORK (INSEN);
13. Encourages the Secretariat to promote INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGES of experience and good practices as regards ways to develop, foster and maintain a robust NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE compatible with states’ nuclear security regimes;
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THE MINISTERIAL DECLARATION OF
THE IAEA NUCLEAR SECURITY CONFERENCE, JULY 2013
EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
Encourage efforts to promote INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE of experience on ways TO DEVELOP, FOSTER AND MAINTAIN A ROBUST NATIONAL NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE, compatible with the State’s nuclear security regime. We note the potential CONTRIBUTION OF INDUSTRY initiatives in this regard.
POLITICAL RECOGNITION AND SUPPORT (2)
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BOARD OF GOVERNORS
NUCLEAR SECURITY PLAN 2014-2017, 2 AUG. 2013
EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
POLITICAL RECOGNITION AND SUPPORT (3)
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THE SUMMIT 2010 IN WASHINGTON DC, USA • Participating States will work to promote and sustain
strong NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE
THE SUMMIT 2012 IN SEOUL, REPUBLIC OF KOREA • Investment in HUMAN CAPACITY BUILDING is
fundamental to promoting and sustaining a strong nuclear security culture
• Encouraged GOVERNMENTS, REGULATORY BODIES, INDUSTRY, ACADEMIA, NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND THE MEDIA, to fully commit to enhancing security culture
• Welcomed the effort by IAEA TO SHARE EXPERIENCE AND LESSONS LEARNED and to optimize available resources
• Encouraged States to promote a security culture that emphasizes the need TO PROTECT NUCLEAR SECURITY RELATED INFORMATION
POLITICAL RECOGNITION AND SUPPORT (4)
THE NUCLEAR SECURITY SUMMIT
”All ORGANIZATIONS involved in implementing PHYSICAL PROTECTION should give due priority to the SECURITY CULTURE; to its development and maintenance necessary to ensure its EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION IN THE ENTIRE ORGANIZATION.”
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL INSTRUMENTS
6 EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide
nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
2005 Amendment to the CONVENTION ON PHYSICAL PROTECTION OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS:
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE F
III. BASIC PRINCIPLES
• GENERAL
7. “Every State should . . . ensure:
(b) the promotion of
SAFETY CULTURE AND OF SECURITY CULTURE with respect to radioactive sources.”
EXTENSION TO RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
7 EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide
nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
CODE OF CONDUCT ON THE SAFETY AND SECURITY OF RADIOACTIVE SOURCES (2003)
IAEA ROLE AND ACTIVITIES ON NSC
8 EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide
nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
Fundamentals
Recommendations
Implementing Guides
Technical Guidance
IAEA Nuclear Security Guidance
NSC IN NUCLEAR SECURITY SERIES
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NSS No 20 Nuclear Security Fundamentals
Sustaining A Nuclear Security Regime (c) Developing, fostering and
maintaining a robust NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE;
NSS No 13 “Recommendations on Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities” (INFCIRC/225/ Rev. 5)
“A NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE should be pervasive in all elements of the physical protection regime”
NSS No 14 “Recommendations on Radioactive Material and Associated Facilities”
“All organizations and individuals involved in implementing security should
give due priority to the NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE with regard to radioactive material”
NSS No 15 “Recommendations on Nuclear and Other Radioactive material Out of Regulatory Control”
“The State should implement relevant
elements of the NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE for the trustworthiness program”
NSS No.7
”The assembly of characteristics, attitudes and behaviour of individuals, organization and institutions, which serves as a means to support and enhance nuclear security”
IAEA NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE MODEL
10 EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide
nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
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THE IAEA APPROACH
NST026
“SELF‐ASSESSMENT of Nuclear Security Culture in facilities and activities that use nuclear and/or radioactive material”
NST027
“ENHANCING Nuclear
Security Culture in facilities and activities that use nuclear and/or radioactive material”
Fundamentals
Recommendations
Implementing Guides
Technical Guidance Nuclear Security Series (NSS) No. 7
Nuclear Security Culture IN PRACTICE AT FACILITIES
MULTI-STAGE PROCESS OF THE IAEA NSC SELF-ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
12 EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide
nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
START: DECISION to carry out initial
or subsequent self-assessment
Stage 3. Start the Data Collection
Phase: Survey, Interview,
Document Review, and Observation
Stage 2. Draft a Self-Assessment
Plan and Prepare for its
implementation
Stage 1. Launch an Outreach
Campaign and Establish a Self-
Assessment Team
Stage 4. Analyse Data and
Consolidate Assessment
Results
Stage 5. Develop the Three-Tiered Outcome Model:
Red, Yellow, and Green.
Stage 6. Discuss Results, Submit
Final Report, and help Development of an Action Plan
EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam 13
SENIOR MANAGERS
SECURITY PERSONNEL
NSC SELF-ASSESSMENT TEAMS • Security Personnel • Safety Personnel • Engineers • Human Resources Personnel • Quality Assurance Personnel
Strong commitment
MAIN PLAYERS IN THE IAEA NSC SELF-ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
organizing and conducting NSC self-assessments
1. GUIDANCE DOCUMENT DEVELOPMENT – Technical Guidance documents
2. RESEARCH: Coordinated Research Projects – Nuclear Security Culture related to Specific Area
(Mitigation and Response/ Transport etc.)
– Security Culture Case Study Library/Database
– Review of NSC Self-Assessment Results
3. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT – Workshops and Training courses
– Educational Programs: INSEN
IAEA CORE ACTIVITIES ON NSC (1)
14 EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide
nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
4. SUPPORT FOR NSC SELF-ASSESSMENT ON REQUEST
– For RESEARCH REACTOR
• (completed) Indonesia • (being interested in) Egypt, etc.
– For NUCLEAR POWER PLANT • (on going) Bulgaria
• (being interested in) Hungary, etc.
– For HOSPITALS • (Starting technical discussion) Malaysia, Poland, etc.
IAEA CORE ACTIVITIES ON NSC (2)
15 EU High-Level Event on “International cooperation to enhance a world wide
nuclear security culture”, 20 March 2014, Amsterdam
• INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON;
– FORENSICS (JULY 2014) /CYBER SECURITY (JUNE 2015)
• TECHNICAL MEETING TO DISCUSS NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE IN NUCLEAR AND RADIOACTIVE FACILITIES AND ACTIVITIES (Q4, 2014)
• REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON NUCLEAR SECURITY CULTURE in JAPAN (NOVEMBER 2014)
FURTHER IAEA NSC RELATED EVENTS