Download - IABSE Structures Rally
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IABSE Structures Rally
Stephen Morley
presents
Architectural Engineering in Stadia
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Wembley Stadium
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Dynamic Loading Caused by Enthusiastic spectators
Rhythmic loads such as Swaying, Shoulder Clapping and Stamping.
Each movement repeated at most 2.8 times per second – or 2.8 Hertz
The seemingly complex trace of movement can be separated into simple cyclic load responses.
Etc. Each progressively less energetic.
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Post Olympic mode - end roofs added
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ATHENS OLYMPIC STADIUM - OAKA
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