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Integrated Housing Development Programin Addis Ababa
Moderated by Prof. Dr.Eng.A.Ashine
Module MUDP 511November 2013
Masters in Urban Planning and Development, 19/3/2012
MUPD
Prepared by: Collective
Planning Team
of two.
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Better a Hut on the Ground than a castle in
the air..Baker and Smets, 1999
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Presentation outline Global Housing Status
Right to Adequate Housing
Overview of Housing Conditions in Addis Ababa Housing Intervention
Integrated Housing Development Program
Objectives
Distinctive Character of the project
Five Year Goals:(2009/10 -2014/15)
Organizational Structure
Construction Methodology
Construction Management System
Quality control
Land and Infrastructure provision
Design MSE Development
City Governments Achievements so far
Sale (Transfer) Modalities
Challenges
City Governments Strategies to Overcome the Challenge
Houses And Physical Infrastructures Under Construction
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1. Global Housing Status The world is experiencing a global housing crisis. About 1.6 billion people
live in substandard housing and 100 million are homeless, according to
United Nations statistics. These people are increasingly urban residents, and every week more than
a million people are born in, or move to, cities in the developing world.
Today, a billion people32 percent of the global urban populationlive
in urban slums.
If no serious action is taken, the United Nations reports that the number
of slum dwellers worldwide will increase over the next 30 years to nearly
2 billion.
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The need for adequate housing is described invarious International Human Rights Instruments,such as
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 25)
International covenant on civil and political rights
International Covenant on Economic, Social andCultural Rights (Article 11)
Convention on the Elimination of all Forms ofDiscrimination against Women (Article 14)
Declaration on the Right to Development (Article 8)
Istanbul Declaration and the Habitat Agenda
Declaration on Cities and other Human Settlements
Copenhagen Declaration on Social Development
2. Right to Adequate Housing
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Legal Recognition and Obligations inherent in Housing
Rights do not imply the following:
That the State is required to build housing for the
entire population;
That housing is to be provided free of charge by the
State to all who request it;That the State must necessarily fulfill all aspects of
this Right immediately upon assuming duties to do
so;
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(cont...)
That the State should exclusively entrust either itself orthe unregulated market to ensuring this Right to all;
That the right will manifest itself in precisely the same
manner in all circumstances or locations
HOWEVER! The state has to endure to facilitate access to housing
resources
A claim/demand can be made upon society for provision
of or access to housing resources
State to undertake policy and legislative measures
recognizing constituent aspects of the right
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(Contd)
Any attempt to improve housing conditions
must rely on an enabling approach that
encourages Governments.
to establish the supportive legislation,
constitutional and financial frameworks;
these in turn will enable:
the formal and informal business sectors,
NGOs, communities and individual
households to contribute effectively to
shelter development.
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(Contd)
Under International Law the following entitlementscomprising Housing Rights are vested in everyperson.
Legal Security of Tenure
Availability of Services, Materials andInfrastructure
Affordable Housing
Habitable Housing
Accessible Housing
Location
Culturally Adequate Housing
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3. Addis Ababa; A Brief IntroductionAddis Ababa:
The capital city of Ethiopia andAfrica.
Founded in 1886. Has ten sub-cities and 116
woredas.
Located at 9148N 384424ECoordinates.
Average altitude of 2500 metersabove see level
Total area: 526.99 sq. km.
Population size: 3.1 million.
Population density: about5,882persons per sq. Km.
Built up area of the city 169.02 sq.Km.
Road coverage compared with builtup area is 10.34%.
Total roads length reached 2,814km of which 54.5% is gravel
surfaced and 45.5% is asphaltsurfaced.
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Current Housing
Scenario In AddisAbaba
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5. Housing Intervention
Real Estate Development
Cooperatives,
Individuals (Formal) Development,
LowCost Housing (Government intervention)
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6. Integrated Housing Development Program
Started in 2004 by constructing 750 houses in the pilot
project.
Aim: Provision of decent cost efficient housing.
The program have been integrated with:Employment generation (through MSE development,
TVET integration).
Regeneration of the slum area.
Capacity building (skill and knowledge transfer).
Physical and social infrastructure development.
And so on.
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7. Objectives
LongTerm Objective:-
Improve the standard of living of the city
Residents through the creation ofemployment opportunities and the provision
of decent affordable housing
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Specific Objectives
Promotion of Micro and Small Enterprises
(MSE), which can absorb more labor force andoperate as a lower overhead cost.
Promotion of cost efficient and time saving
construction technology.Strengthen the construction industry and
improve the vocational training systems(TVET).
Change the image of the city throughregeneration (urban renewal and upgrading)the slum areas.
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8. Distinctive Character of the Project
Standardized and modular,
Labor intensive,
Cost efficient and time saving construction
Technology,Skill development and specialization in the
construction sector,
Densification and vertical growth,
Large-scale development intervention,
Environmentally friendly,
Functional and social mixed
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9. F ive Year Goals:(2009/10 -2014/15)
To Construct about 250,000 Housing units, To create up to 70,000 employment
opportunities yearly,
Expand and develop up to 2,000 micro and
Small Enterprises (MSE),
Reduce slum areas by 50% over the next
five years.
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10. Organizational Structure
Hous ing Development Project Off ice
Audit Support Process
Research, planning & BudgetSupport process
Purchase, Finance & Administration
Support process
Communication Affairs
support process
Legal support process
Construction &supervision
Sub process Design Sub process
Housing Transfer &
Administration
Sub proces
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11. Construction Methodology
Using cost and time saving Construction method
PreCast element,
Slab HCB,
U-HCB
Agro stone technology
(free of cement dependency)
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12. Construction Management System
Fixed Cost
Time contracts
Sub contracting,
Grade 6 and above contractors,
MSE (block building, sanitary, electrical etc
Inhouse contract administration
(Project Office at city level and at subcity level)
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13. Quality control
Close supervising (in house and external
quality control)
At the construction Sites.
At the production centers.
At the source of raw materials.
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Land identification, as arule in the inner city
(based on the structural
plan).
Surveying and soil testing.
Compensation and site
clearing.
Basic infrastructureprovision (access road,
electric power, water
supply).
14. Land and Infrastructure Provision
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15. Design Mixed typology and function.
Studio, one bed rm., two bedrm. Etc.
Ground floor mainly
commercial.
Vertical growth anddensification.
(G+2,G+3,G+4,) and (G+7,
G+11, G+12) for inner city.
(Density175 h. h/ha. -300 h.h/ha.)
Modular Design.
Consider traditional aspects
(communal buildings).
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Infrastructure Provisions at individual
Condominium and Block Level
Water supply Sanitation systems
Electricity
Open space/total lots
Parking areas
Access to community
facilities and daily
needs
Urban design or
Landscaping aspects
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16. MSE Development
Promote the involvement of MSE.
On different construction activities.
On building material production.
1,094 MSEs engaged since 2009/10.
48,000 employment created in the production of
materials & various construction activities in
2009/2010 (Skilled, semiskilled, & daily laborers)
Recently, more than 91,000 employment has beencreated.
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17. City Governments Achievements so far
Completed & under construction of 80,234 housing unitsOut of which,
Studio 12,898 (16%)
One Bed Room 31,807 (40%) Two Bed Room 22,928 (28%)
Three Bed Room 7,006 (9%)
Commercial 5,695(7%)
Transferred Housing Units 70,828
Ready to Transfer 9,407
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18. Sale (Transfer) Modali ties
Transfer to beneficiaries through lottery
system drawn in fair and transparent way.
10% to 20% down payment.
Rentandown with in 15 to 20 years.
Apply condominium law
Price in Birr per meter sq:
Studio= 1,450
One bed room= 1,865
Two bed room= 2,280
Three bed room= 2,385
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20. City Governments Strategies to Overcome
the Challenge
Commitment of the city government.
Identify and exploit underutilized spaces.
Demolish shanty area and renew the inner city
Encourage construction material production.
Looking for alternative means of infrastructure
provision, (disintegrated sewer system, use of locally
available materials.) Crosssubsidize lowincome households.
Encourage and promote saving culture.
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21. Houses And Physical Infrastructure Under
Construction Housing:completion stage:
Phase 0ne 20,330
Phase two 17,171
Recently began: 42,829
Will be commenced after couple of months: 35,000
Totally 115,330
Physical Infrastructure
155 km sewage disposal line.
19 km asphalt road.
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Achievements so far
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Achievements so far
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Achievements so far
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Achievements so far
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Achievements so far
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Achievements so far
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Achievements so far
1,556 MSESregistered out of which 954 MSESengaged
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Achievements so far
1,556 MSESregistered out of which 954 MSESengaged
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The Way Forward..
Despite the efforts of the Government, Housing
Access for all remains a daunting task to beaccomplished.
Provision of Condominium housing is a viable wayof meeting the housing shortage.
However the magnitude of the problem ismammoth.
The need is also to explore alternative tools and
self help methodologies as adopted in otherdeveloping countries so as to mitigate the gap.
Provision of adequate Housing for all must beachievable through appropriate interventions.
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hank you