FLOORING

INTRODUCTION Hospital flooring must satisfy numerous

requirements such as- comfort, low maintenance, infection control, safety.

Sustainable flooring alternatives are available to meet these demands and reduce environmental impacts during manufacturing and installation.

IMPORTANCE Hygiene is the first thing in mind when

it comes to hospitals Floor is the place where bacteria

normally gathers Corridors of hospitals are highly

populated Infection control is a must Considerations : Cleanability,

aesthetics, durability and initial cost

BENEFITS Can improve employee satisfaction by

reducing staff fatigue, the slip, trip, and the fall incidents

Can reduce maintenance Visible and attractive Reduce environmental impacts during

installation.

TYPES OF FLOORING - LINOLEUMPROS CONS

Made from renewable resources

Hard wearing and durable Available in a range of

colours and patterns Low allergenic Easy to clean - just mop

with soapy water Cushioned underfoot -

making it more comfortable that tiles or concrete

Lacks warmth Can be dented or

scratched by heavy objects

Hard to repair

TILESPROS CONS

Available in a wide range of designs, shapes and sizes

Can be used in all areas of the home

Durable Low maintenance Fireproof

Can be uncomfortable to walk on

Can become slippery when wet

VINYLPROS CONS

Hardwearing Good insulation properti

es Affordable Easy to clean - just mop

with soapy water Comes in hundreds of

styles including imitations of other more expensive flooring such as timber and tiles

Lacks warmth Can be dented or

scratched by heavy objects

Hard to repair Is not a recyclable

material

KOTAPROS CONS

Hygienic: Kota, being non-porous and moisture resistant, is a hygienic flooring option in humid regions.

Cool: Kota reflects heat and is always cool and comfortable underfoot.

Affordable: Unlike Marble or Granite, Kota stone is very affordable. In fact it is the cheapest stone among other natural stones.

Non-slippery, water-resistant, non-porous, 

Flaking: The stone tends to flake over a period of time. However, periodic polishing using polishing wax can eliminate this phenomenon.

Lustreless: Kota lacks the luster of  Marble or granite.

Small sized tiles: Unlike Marble and Granite, Kota is not available as large slabs, due to the brittleness of limestone. The maximum sizes are around 240 cm x 75 cm.

EPOXY FLOORSPROS CONS

Shock resistant Fire resistant Water resistant

Ensure floor is thoroughly cleansed before installation, if not, the whole process has to be repeated again

Impermanent finish : If a very heavy object is dropped, small cracks and chips might occur, if not treated the cracks can grow bigger over a period of time

TERRAZOPROS CONS

Durability: Lasts for a lifetie if maintained properly

Maintenance : Sweep the floor to remove dust

Density: Water does not penetrate, therefore no accumulation of bacteria

Natural environment : Made of sand, marble and other types of stone, can even be recycled

Surface of the floor is very slippery when it is wet

It doesn’t have any cushioning, it will be hard to stand on for an extended period of time

It is very expensive Only professionals can

install this type of floor

MARBLE PROS CONS

It is durable It is known for its

superior, royal and decorative purpose

It is quite pleasant and comfortable under feet

Very easy to maintain and requires occasional polishing

It is very expensive Very cool under feet in

winter

SELECTION OF COLOR Exact light sources to be used, including

daylight where applicable, for correct color selection of flooring

The effects of different lighting on colour appearance of flooring can be checked with professional viewing cabinets that have different illuminants such as fluorescent or incandescent filament bulbs.

CLASSIFICATION (DALKE.H, 2004) Paler Flooringmajor trend in flooring both soft and hard flooringA pale colour will reflect more light, brightening up any spacemay tend to show the dirt more Darker Flooring may mask dirt and not need to be cleaned so

often may show up lighter dust and debris

CONTD… Textured Carpet Encourages people to wipe their

shoes(benefit of keeping other floor surfaces cleaner)

View the sample( especially from some distance) before the selection of dark colored textured carpet because of the inclusion of textured shadow detail and the gradual build up of particles

Small design flooring Small patterns or designs will quickly

merge at a distance, so flooring with a small-detail design should be examined at a considerable distance in situ

Large Area flooring patterned carpet in a corridor can

produce “tracks” or dominant lines and gaps in the design.

CONTD… Other colors (Dr. Vinod Singh,2011) Beige, pink and blue- Enables patients to relax Beige and honey limestone tiles- Offer the warm feeling Epoxy flooring- can help create a nurturing and

welcoming environment that promotes staff efficiency, positive patient outcomes, healing and well-being.

Beige was found to rank first for walls, floors, curtains, and furniture, whereas the colors of wood and grey shared the second rank for floors and furniture (Schuschke and Christiansen, 1994) 

BEIGE COLOR…

WOOD…

DIFFERENT SHADES OF GREY…

EPOXY FLOORING…

RECENT TRENDS… Driving the trend's success is an up-tick in

healthcare facility renovations and new construction

Hospital flooring needs to stand up to heavy, around-the-clock foot traffic but also medical equipment, carts, beds and more

It's expected to keep staff, patients and visitors as safe as possible from slips and cushion them from injury when falls do happen

RECENT TRENDS CONT….  the floor's decorative qualities have become

desirable for a “growing number of hospitals that want to achieve that "homey" feel for patients and visitors”(09.01.10 by Jeff Ferenc Senior EditorLatest products respond to health care trends)

The result is an array of products, including rubber, vinyl sheet flooring, polyolefin, linoleum and terrazzo

RECENT TRENDS CONT.… There are more flooring options today,

Advances in tufting equipment and computerized design have led to almost unlimited design options such as vinyl and epoxy

One growing trend is the use of product collections across different product categories, such as broadloom, vinyl cushion tufted textile and tile.

vinyl can offer a sophisticated, even edgy look

HYGIENE FACTORS Wherever patients, staff and visitors

interact, maintaining a safe and hygienic environment is an on-going challenge.

Vinyl, ceramic tile, vitrified, epoxy, marble type of flooring helps in easy cleaning and helps us meet the challenge

HYGIENE FACTORS CONT.… For patients with significantly compromised

health, including reduced immune system and respiratory capacity, and who may be particularly vulnerable due to their age can easily get infected when they directly come in contact with floor

So the maintenance of floor should also be low at cost and for such flooring the work becomes even more easy.

HYGIENE FACTORS CONT.… flooring can be cleaned without resorting to

strong, caustic chemicals. There’s also less need to introduce

powerful cleaning chemicals to your intensive care environments

That helps us provide a safe, healthy and comfortable environment for patients and healthcare providers, and reduces maintenance costs by avoiding the need for coating, waxing, stripping or re-waxing.

SUPPLIERS OF HOSPITAL FLOORING….

Wonderfloor sigma flooring(Vinyl flooring) : Hospitals/healthcare ( OT/Procedure /Cath lab /ICU/ Post care ), pathology labs, blood banks, pharmaceutical productions /sterile / packing area, clean rooms, food processing industries

DEPARTMENT SPECIFIC FLOORING...

INTRODUCTION.… Prime elements that drive the hospital floor are

• Coping with the movement of equipment like wheelchairs, carts, gurneys and X-ray machines on a 24-hour basis, (Wheel tracking resistance)

• Cleaning and maintenance performance,• Fire and non-slippery floors

Durable Resistance to contamination High indentation resistance Chemical & stain resistance Resistance to puncturing and impact

ENTRANCE AREAS. . . First area patients, families and visitors

see  Helps in locating services Heaviest foot traffic Hence in need of durable and

welcoming floor Terrazzo and luxury vinyl tile (LVT) can

be the best option.

CONTD… Terrazzo is a premium, highly durable

option that requires minimal maintenance and lasts for decades. It stands up well to rolling loads, is handicap-friendly and is now available in largely recyclable materials.

LVT offers much of the same durability and even more design versatility.

ENTRANCE…

CORRIDORS AND CLINICAL AREAS…

These are the arteries of the hospital. Low-density carpeting (Dr. vinay,2011), Rubber and LVT

is the best. This helps patients who walk and rolling of equipments. It serves to trap airborne germs, which can later be

vacuumed helps in reducing nosocomical infections Time during installation is saved as LVT and rubber

comes in adhesive form. Rubber and LVT can come with protective coatings that

resist scratches and scuffs, reducing maintenance disruptions, labor, water and chemicals

CORRIDORS…

LOBBY. . . Depending on marketing considerations

, ceramic tiles, porcelain and terrazzo can be used

EMERGENCY AND OPERATING THEATRES. . .

Emergency and operating rooms must meet the most strict infection control requirements.

Consideration:- Floor should be impervious to prevent water

ingress and damage to the substrate, creating an environment for bacteria to hide and grow

Vinyl is frequently installed (Dr.Vinay,2011) This type of product comes in large sheets that

have welded seams for infection control Have no joints between the wall and the floor

CONTD… LVT, sheet and linoleum are great fits

(spectra flooring options) They enable the use of heat welding

and flash coving during installation, making it possible to create a fully aseptic space

These materials come in constructions that promote indoor air quality with low emissions of volatile organic compounds

OPERATING THEATRE. . .

Vinyl floor Linoleum floor

NURSE’S STATIONS AND TREATMENT AREAS

Flooring should promote stress reduction, comfort and 24-7 access with materials that allow rapid installation and minimize maintenance.

Traditional linoleum Vincyl composite tile

Turning to LVT, bio-based tile (BBT) and sheet tile flooring

CONTD… These acts as protective coatings They’ll resist scratches and minimize

the need for waxing, buffing and chemical cleaning

BIO BASED TILE…

CAFETERIAS… Stain-resistant, easy to clean and slip-

retardant Sheet vinyl, LVT and tile can be of best

choice

AT A GLANCE...Department Floor

OPD Marble / Kotah Stone Vitrified / Ceramic

ICU Vinyl (anti- bacterial) Joints, thermo-sealed self leveling epoxy

OTSelf-levelling jointless epoxy / Vinyl (anti-bacterial) static dissipative, joints. thermo sealed

LaboratorySelf-levelling jointless epoxy / Vinyl (anti-bacterial) joints, thermo sealed / vitrified jointless

Day Care Vinyl (anti-bacterial) joints thermo sealed / Self levelling epoxy

MAINTENANCE Linoleum flooring : Sweep or vacuum the floor

thoroughly, wash with lightly dampened mop, allow floor to dry

Vinyl flooring : Use vacuum cleaner, Use mats in the door way, If your flooring gets stained really badly with tar or paint, use acetone or nail polish remover to get it off, then swab the floor with a damp mop

Rubber flooring : Be very careful about sand particles getting into the grooves. So take the added precaution of placing a floor mat outside the room for guests to wipe their feet on.

Tiled flooring : When it comes to glazed ceramic tiles, sweeping is a better option than vacuum cleaning as the edge of the vacuum cleaner might land up scratching the tiles.

Wiping your tiles once a week with a solution of white vinegar and water in a ratio of 1:4 will keep them gleaming

Stoned flooring : Never use cleaning products that contain any acid content like lemon juice, vinegar or ammonia based cleaners

Acid takes away the lustre of the stone. If the concentration of acid is very high, the stone could even get corroded.

Terrazo Flooring :Terrazzo flooring is easy to maintain as compared to other floorings

Sweep the floor lightly to remove dirt At the time of cleaning, the floor should always

be wet otherwise, the soil remain on the floor For removing stubborn soil from the floor, use

electrical scrubbing machine with solution of neutral cleaner

Use damp/wet mop to clean the floor

Epoxy : Sweep and mop the floor daily, polish when it turns dull

Marble: clean up spills immediately to minimize damage to your stone

Use trivets or mats under hot dishes and cookware Use place mats under china, ceramics, silver and other

objects that can scratch the stone's surface Use a tray for toiletry products in the bathroom to protect the

surface from the damaging chemicals contained in many toiletry products

Dust mop marble floor tile regularly Use door mats inside and out along with runners and area

rugs on marble floors.

Avoid dragging furniture or other heavy objects across the floor as it will scratch or chip the stone slabs

Remember that stone flooring is porous, so if by chance something falls on the floor it better be mopped up quick

Dust and damp mop and vacuum clean the floor on a daily basis

Just be careful not to scratch the floor

For the slip-resistant floors, a small auto scrubber is needed to agitate the floors before they are cleaned.

Thank u…