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Basic MedicalTerms and Abbreviations
1.07
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Terminal Objective
Define medical terms andabbreviations
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Enabling Objectives
1.07.01 Define selected terms associatedwith medical and dental terminology andabbreviations1.07.02 Define component parts ofmedical words1.07.03 Describe guidelines used toanalyze and construct medical words
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Enabling Objectives
1.07.04 Define selected medical anddental prefixes, roots, and suffixes1.07.05 Construct medical words
1.07.06 Define selected medical anddental abbreviations.1.07.07 Define selected medical anddental terms.
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Define selected termsassociated with medical and d
terminology and abbreviati
1.07.01
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Terms
Root
-an element constituting the basisfrom which a word is derived
Combining vowel-connects roots to suffixes or other
rootsPrefix-
an affix, such as mis- in mistrust, put
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Define component partsof medical words
1.07.02
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ROOT: Gives the essential meaning of theterm; it's the main part of the word.
Example,cardiis the root that means heart.
Component Parts
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PREFIX: a syllable or syllables placed beforethe root word to alter, modify or chan
the meaning of aExample:Endo
= within or innerEndo + cardi + ac =pertaining to the inner layer of the
heart
Component Parts
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SUFFIX: Added to the end of a word to alter,modify or change the meaning of the
Example:itis= inflammation
Endo + card + itis =inflammation of the inner layer ofthe heart
Component Parts
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COMBINING VOWEL:A vowel that follows (placed behind)
the root that connects the root tosuffixes and other roots
Component Parts
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COMBINING FORM: Root + Combining VowelExample:
Cardia root that = heartO
is thecombining vowelfor
cardi
Component Parts
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If combined, these roots along with acombining vowel, form the word:Cardiovascular
Cardi / o / vascul / ar= pertaining to the heart and bloodvessels
Component Parts
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Words can be formed without using aroot:Example:
a(prefix) = without, no,pnea
(suffix) = breathinga + pnea =
not breathing
Component Parts
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Describe guidelines usedto analyze and construct
medical words
1.07.03
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Begin with the suffix then read fromthe front of the word acrossExample:Endo / metr / itisEndo =inner or withinmetr =
uterusitis inflammationEndometritis =
inflammation of the
Analyzing/Constructing MedicalWords
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Drop the combining vowel before asuffix that begins with a vowelExample:
Splen / o / megalyThe
Splen / ectomyThere is no combining vowel
between the root and the suffix becau
Analyzing/Constructing MedicalWords
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Keep the combining vowel betweenword roots, even if the root begins witvowelExample:
Gastr / o / esophag / ealGastroesophageal
Analyzing/Constructing MedicalWords
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Define selected medicaland dental prefixes, roots
and suffixes
1.07.04
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a, an without, not, lack of, absence ofab away from
ad towardante
before, forwardanti, ant against
Prefixes
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bi twobrady slowdys difficult, abnormal, bad, painfulendo
within, in, innerec, ecto, ex, extra out, outside
Prefixes
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epi
upon, abovehyper above, excessivehypo below, deficientin in, into
inter between
Prefixes
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intra
withinmal bad
micro small
para beside, near, along side
peri
Prefixes
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post
after, behindpre beforepro, pros
forward, beforesub below, undertachy
fastuni one
Prefixes
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That was just the prefixes!!!
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cardi/o heartcol/o, colon/o
coloncutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o skinenter/o
intestinesesophag/o-- esophagus
Roots
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esthesi/o sensationgastr/o stomachglyc/o sugarhemat/o, hem/o
bloodhepat/o liver
Roots
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lith/o stonelymph/o
lymphmen/o menstruationmetr/o, metri/o
uterusnas/o, rhin/o-- nose
Roots
R
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oste/o boneot/o
earpancreat/o pancreasseptic/o, sept/o
infectionthromb/o clot
Roots
R
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thyroid/o, thyr/o thyroid glandtrache/o trachea, windpipe
tympan/o eardrumur/o urine, urinary tract
vascul/o blood vesselven/o vein
Roots
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That was just the roots!!!
S ffi
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ac, al, ar, ary, eal, ic, ous pertaining to
ation, ia, iasis, ism, osis, sis
conditionectomy excision, resection, removal
emia blood condition
graph
Suffixes
S ffi
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gram recordism
condition, processitis inflammationlith
stonelogy the study of
Suffixes
S ffi
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megaly enlargement
meter
to measuremortem death
oma tumor, mass, swelling
partum
Suffixes
S ffi
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pathy disease conditionplasty
surgical repairplegia paralysispnea
breathingptysis spitting
Suffixes
S ffi
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rrhea flow, dischargescope instrument used for visual examination
stomy openingtomy incision
um structureuria urine condition
Suffixes
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That was just the suffixes!!!
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Construct medicalwords
1.07.05
Constructing Words
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Complete the exercises provided inthe handbook. Using the providedprefixes, roots, and suffixes, complet
sentences:PrefixesRootsSuffixes
Constructing Words
Constructing Words
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Before surgery, patients are givenmedication that causes (absence of sThe physician may order antibioticsfor a patient with (a blood infection)In any situation where the patient isunable to breathe a/an ____________ tmay be inserted
inside of the windpipeto maintain an open airway
Constructing Words
Constructing Words
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During the assessment of a gun shotvictim, the paramedic notes that theis
spitting up bloodor experiencing _____________While obtaining the patient's
respiratory rate, the nurse notes thathas afast respiratory (breathing) rate
or
Constructing Words
Constructing Words
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PrefixesRoots
Suffixes
Constructing Words
Constructing Words
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A diabetic patient may experience(blood condition of excessive sugar) o(blood condition of low bloodAnatomy of the skeletal systemincludes the ___________, which is astructure that surrounds bone
Constructing Words
Constructing Words
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When a person develops a urinarytract infection, he/she may experiencpainful urination
or __________Athletic females often experience__________, in which case the
menstrual flow is absent.
Constructing Words
Constructing Words
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PrefixesRoots
Suffixes
Constructing Words
Constructing Words
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When caring for a patient with coloncancer, you note that the patient hasopening of the colonor ___________Enlargement of the liveris called ___________ andinflammation of the liveris called _____________
Constructing Words
Constructing Words
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Insulin is one medication that isgiven by injection. The medication isdelivered to the
layer of skin below the dermisor the ______________ layerIf injured beyond repair, a surgeon
wouldsurgically remove the pancreasfrom the body or perform a
Constructing Words
1.07.06
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Define selectedmedical abbreviations
Medical Abbreviations
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_a beforeBP -- blood pressure
_c withH2O waterh, hr hour
Medical Abbreviations
Medical Abbreviations
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MOOD, MOD -- Medical Officer of theDayNOOD, NOD -- Nurse of the DayO2 oxygen
_p afterprn (PRN) -- as needed
Medical Abbreviations
Medical Abbreviations
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_s withoutSL -- serious list, sublingualstat immediatelyVSL -- very serious list
Medical Abbreviations
1.07.07
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Define
selected medicaland dental terminology
Terms
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Terms
Acute
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sudden onset, severe symptoms,short courseAmbulatory
- walking or able to walkAspiration
Terms
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Terms
Auscultation
- the process of listening for soundsproduced within the bodyCardiology
- study of the heart and its diseasesChronic
- long and drawn out, frequently
Terms
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Terms
Dermatology
- study of the skin and its diseases;treatment of skin disordersDiagnosis
- to identify a disease or injury fromits signs and symptoms, completeknowledge of a patient's conditionDiaphoresis
Terms
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Terms
Disease
- any change from a state of health,specific illness or disorder characterizrecognizable set of signs and symptoEtiology
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the study of all factors that may be
Terms
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Terms
Gurney
- a wheeled cot used in hospitalsGynecology
- study of women and women'sdiseasesHealth
- state of optimal physical, mental,-
Terms
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Terms
Hematology
- the study of the blood and itsdiseasesMedicine
- art and science of the diagnosisand treatment of diseases and themaintenance of health; drug or remeNephrology
Terms
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Terms
Neurology
- study of the nervous system and itsdiseasesObstetrics
- branch of medicine that deals withpregnancy, labor, and the period of tiimmediately following deliveryOphthalmology
Terms
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Terms
Orthopedics
- branch of medicine which isespecially concerned with thepreservation and restoration of the fuskeletal system, its articulations, andassociated structuresPalpation
- examination by touch
Terms
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Terms
Pediatrics
- medical practice devoted to thecare of childrenPercussion
- technique of striking a part of thebody with short, sharp taps of the finto determine the size, density, andposition of the underlying parts by th
Terms
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Terms
Prognosis
- forecast of the probable results of adisease based on the condition of theand the usual course of the diseasePsychiatry
- branch of medicine that deals withthe causes, treatment, and preventiomental, emotional, and behavioral dis
Terms
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Terms
Surgery
- branch of medicine that treatsdisease by manual or operative methUrology
- the study of the urinary systems inmales and females and the reproducti
tract in males
1 07
Summary
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Basic Medical Terms
and
Abbreviations
1.07Summary?
Enabling Objectives
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Enabling Objectives
1.07.01 Define selected terms associatedwith medical and dental terminology andabbreviations1.07.02 Define component parts of
medical words1.07.03 Describe guidelines used toanalyze and construct medical words
Enabling Objectives
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Enabling Objectives
1.07.04 Define selected medical anddental prefixes, roots, and suffixes1.07.05 Construct medical words1.07.06 Define selected medical anddental abbreviations.1.07.07 Define selected medical anddental terms.