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HOSES
Following are some of the common types of hoses
PTFE HOSES
PTFE hoses have a very good chemical resistance to most fluids, resist to high temperatures, have non-sticking and very low-friction characteristics, have almost no aging, and can be constructed to achieve very good flexibility and pressure resistance.
Characteristics of PTFE hoses
Chemically resistant - PTFE hoses are extremely resistant to most conveyed fluids. The only reactants are extreme oxidizers and reducing agents (elementary sodium, fluorine, chlorine trifluoride and related compounds), and alkali metals (potassium and lithium).
Temperature resistant - PTFE has a very extensive working temperature range. PTFE hoses generally cover the range of -50°C to +200°C, which includes most industrial applications.
Non-sticking - PTFE offers no adherence to other substances. Even in alternate use of fluids, contamination risk of the fluid is very limited.
Low-friction - PTFE hoses also assure optimum flow rates of all conveyed fluids and very limited pressure losses in the fluid lines.
Non-toxic - PTFE is odor-, taste- and color-less and transmits none of these to the conveyed fluids. PTFE is a FDA approved material for food contact and PTFE hoses are excellent for the food industry.
Un-inflammable - PTFE does not have any flame propagation
Durable - Due to its chemically inert characteristic, PTFE hoses are virtually ageless. PTFE hoses have limitless shelf life. Weather resistance is also virtually limitless.
Applications
Due to its overall excellent chemical resistance, PTFE hoses are used in a very wide variety of industrial applications for conveyance of hot and cold gases, steam, water, synthetic and petroleum-base hydraulic fluids, as well as corrosive chemicals.
Due to its non-contaminant and non-contaminable characteristics, PTFE hoses are used in a wide variety of medical and laboratory apparatus, cosmetics, food industry, automotive and aeronautics industries.
HYDRAULIC HOSE WITH SMOOTH PTFE LINING (HIGH PRESSURE)
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Description
Inner tube: seamless smooth polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)
Reinforcement: 1 high resistance stainless steel wire braid
Temperature range: -50°C to +200°C
Application: water base, petroleum base or synthetic base hydraulic fluids, corrosive
and high temperature gases and liquids
HYDRAULIC HOSE WITH CORRUGATED PTFE LINING (HIGH PRESSURE)
Description Inner tube: seamless corrugated polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) tube
Reinforcement: 1 high resistance stainless steel wire braid
Temperature range: -50°C to +200°C
Application: water base, petroleum base or synthetic base hydraulic fluids, corrosive
and high temperature gases and liquids
SINGLE SMOOTH ptfe TUBE
Description
Inner tube: seamless smooth polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)
Temperature range: -50°C to +200°C
Application: water base, petroleum base or synthetic base hydraulic fluids, corrosive
and high temperature gases and liquids at low pressure, electrical isolation applications
FLEXIBLE METAL HOSES
Metal hose is used when temperature extremes, corrosive media, or permeation preclude the use of rubber, PTFE, or plastic hose. Typical applications are found in steel making, chemical processing, paper manufacturing, petroleum refining, and in numerous other industrial applications.Where rigid connections are impractical, flexible metal hose provides non-rigid connections for conveying liquids, gases and semi-solids.
Following are the benefits and advantages of flexible metal hoses
High physical strength combined with light weight. Suitable for wide temperature range [-2700 C to + 7000C] Good corrosion resistance. Resistance to fire, moisture, abrasion and penetration. Absorbs vibration and noise from pumps, compressors, engines etc Compensates for thermal expansion or contraction of piping. Connects misaligned rigid piping. A flexible and quick option for right piping in difficult locations.
STRIPWOUND METAL HOSES
STRIP WOUND HOSES are manufactured by helically winding a pre-formed strip around a mandrel of the required size. A packing of copper wire, rubber or yarn may be provided within the folds during the manufacturing process to obtain liquid tightness. Special winding processes ensure a low leakage rate and high flexibility.
1. Square locked metal hoses
Square locked hose is a highly flexible low-pressure hose with many applications, including protective casing, electrical wiring conduit, and electronic shielding.These hoses can be packed or unpacked
Types of packing1. cotton2. stainless wires3. apyrous4. elastomeric
2. Interlocked metal hoses
Interlocked hose is made by folding the edges of the metal strips together. Interlocked hose is stronger than square locked hose and is ideally suited for fume and dry material handling.Features
High strength construction Temperature and corrosion resistant Flexibilty Can be formed and holds its shape
ApplicationsNon rigid connections for conveying gases and semi solid materialsDust and fume collectionsEngine exhaust and flexible tail pipe applicationsHot air blower and suction hose applicationLiner for corrugatedhose and braid assembliesSteam hose protection
They can also be of packed or unpacked type
Types of packing1. cotton2. stainless wires3. apyrous4. elastomeric
CORRUGATED HOSES
The corrugated hose is manufactured from a cylindrical, thin walled tube formed from rolled strip and joined at the seam by butt welding. Impressed into this tube is a corrugated annular profile. Annular corrugated hose has several advantages over helical hose. It is not subject to damaging torsional stress due to longitudinal expansion resulting from pressure rises. When the corrugations are closely spaced, the hose is referred to as "standard pitch" hose. When the corrugations are more widely spaced, the hose is referred to as "open pitch" hose.
The thickness of the metal strip, the height of the corrugations and the number of corrugations per foot all affect the performance characteristics of metal hose. Flexibility in corrugated hose is the result of the bending of the metal corrugations. Service life varies depending upon the severity of the flexing, the temperature, corrosive conditions, pressure and vibration to which the hose is subjected. is the result of the bending of the metal corrugations. Service life varies depending upon the severity of the flexing, the temperature, corrosive conditions, pressure and vibration to which the hose is subjected.
Unless restrained, corrugated hose will elongate when subjected to increasing internal pressure. This restraint is provided by a braided covering, consisting of a tubular sheath of woven metal wires fitted tightly over the corrugated hose and secured at each end. Flexibility of the corrugated hose is not appreciably affected by this wire braid covering. In addition, the braid provides squirm support and dampens vibration. In higher pressure applications, the use of additional braid covers will provide additional working pressure. Unbraided hose is satisfactory for vacuum and low pressure applications.
Corrugated hose is recommended for applications involving permanent bends, and in situations where flexing is predictable, that is, machine controlled. Also, whenever absolute leak prevention is essential, corrugated hose should be selected.
Braiding materials can be : stainless steels, steels, bronze, inconel, monel etc.
STAINLESS STEEL CORRUGATED HOSE
Stainless steel hoses facilitate relative movement of the parts to be connected, adapt to thermal expansion, resist to high pressure and offer good corrosion resistance to a wide range of fluids.
Braid provided on the inner tube plays an important role. When pressure is applied, unbraided corrugated hose tends to elongate axially. To restrain this an external layer of SS wire is provided on the hose. The braid is necessary to prevent elongation and to make the assembly pressure resistant.
Some times two or even three layer of braiding are provided for high pressure applications. The braiding is highly flexible and follows the movement of the hose.
The braiding is normally manufactured in SS 304 wire. SS 316 and SS 321
Annular Corrugated AISI 304 St Steel Hose
Description
Inner tube: AISI 304 stainless steel annular corrugated wide pitch
Reinforcement: one AISI 304 stainless steel braid
Temperature range: - 200ºC to + 500ºC
Helical Corrugated AISI 304 St St Hose
Description
Inner tube: AISI 304 stainless steel helicaly corrugated wide pitch
Reinforcement: one AISI 304 stainless steel braid
Temperature range: - 200ºC to + 500ºC
Polygonal stripwound stainless steel exhaust hose
Description
Inner tube: AISI 304 stainless steel medium pitch, polygonal cross-section
Temperature range: - 200ºC to + 500ºC
HYDRAULIC HOSES
Multipurpose Oil, Air and Water hose (Low pressure)
Description
Inner tube: seamless, oil-resistant synthetic rubber
Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion-resistant synthetic rubber
Service factor: 4:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: 1 synthetic textile braid
Temperature range: -40°C to +100°C (max. temperature recommended for water
base hydraulic fluids: +70°C; max. temperature recommended for air: +50°C)
Application: petroleum base hydraulic fluids, water base hydraulic fluids, water
and air
Lubricator Hose (High Pressure)
Description
Inner tube: seamless, oil resistant thermoplastic
Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant thermoplastic
Service factor: 4:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: high tensile synthetic textile braids
Temperature range: - 40ºC to + 100ºC for water base hydraulic fluids: +70°C; max.
temperature recommended
Application: lubrication machines using all types of petroleum based lubricants and
greases
HOSES FOR WATER AND STEAM
Steel wire reinforced rubber water hose (low pressure)
Description
Inner tube: seamless non-toxic synthetic rubber
Service factor: 5:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: 1high tensile steel braid
Temperature range: 0°C to +70°C
Application: pumping systems for water and non-corrosive liquids
Multi-spiral steel wire reinforced waterblasting hose (very high pressure)
Description
Inner tube: seamless synthetic rubber
Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber
Service factor: 2.5:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: 4 or 6 plies of spirally wrapped high tensile steel wire separated by
layers of synthetic rubber
Temperature range: 0°C to +120°C
Application: very high pressure water jet machines
Suction, delivery and return hose for water
Description
Inner tube: seamless water resistant synthetic rubber
Outer tube: black, smooth, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber
Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: layers of high resistance synthetic textile and one high tensile steel
wire helix
Temperature range: 0°C to +65°C
Application: water suction & discharge general use
HOSES FOR AUTOMOBILES
Steel wire braid reinforced fuel line hose (low pressure)
Description
Inner tube: seamless nitrile rubber, resistant to oil
Service factor: 5:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: 1 external galvanized steel braid
Temperature range: - 10ºC to + 70ºC
Application: automobile fuel lines, oil, gasoil and oil emulsion cooling water
Textile reinforced hydraulic brake hose (high pressure)
Description
Inner tube: seamless, brake fluid resistant synthetic rubber
Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber
Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: 2 high tensile synthetic textile braids
Temperature range: - 40ºC to + 100ºC
Application: non-petroleum base hydraulic brake lines for automobiles
HOSES FOR FUEL TRANSFER
Suction, delivery and return hose for oil, gasoline, diesel & other fuels
Description
Inner tube: seamless synthetic rubber inner tube, resistant to oil, gasoline, diesel and
fuels with up to 40% aromatic content, with anti-static characteristics
Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber, with anti-static
characteristics
Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: layers of high resistance synthetic textile and one high tensile steel
wire helix
Temperature range: - 30ºC to + 90ºC
Application: suction & discharge of gasoline and fuels
HOSES FOR INDUSTRIAL GASES
Textile reinforced acetylene and oxygen twin hose (medium pressure)
Description
Inner tube: acetylene and oxygen resistant synthetic rubber
Outer tube: black, oil, weather and abrasion resistant synthetic rubber
Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: 1 high tensile synthetic textile braid
Temperature range: - 35ºC to + 100ºC
Application: portable or production line acetylene welding equipment
Textile braid reinforced rubber air hose (medium duty)
Description
Inner tube: natural and synthetic rubber compound
Outer tube: black, weather and abrasion resistant, EPDM blended rubber compound
Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: 1 high resistance synthetic textile braid
Temperature range: - 25ºC to + 90ºC
Application: compressed air lines in portable and production line equipment water
lines in portable and production line equipment
HOSES FOR ABRASIVE & CORROSIVE FLOW
Dry cement discharge hose (low pressure)
Description
Inner tube: natural rubber compound
Outer tube: black, weather, heat and abrasion resistant rubber compound
Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: high resistance synthetic textile braids
Temperature range: up to + 60ºC
Application: discharge of dry cement and other dry bulk materials
Corrosive chemicals discharge hose (low pressure)
Description
Inner tube: acid resistant synthetic rubber compound
Outer tube: black, weather, heat, chemical and abrasion resistant rubber compound
Service factor: 3:1 (min. burst pressure : recommended working pressure)
Reinforcement: high resistance synthetic textile braids
Temperature range: up to + 60ºC
Application: discharge of acid, base and corrosive chemicals
PLASTIC HOSES
Corrosion resistant PVC hose with textile reinforcement
Description
Inner tube: seamless, chemically resistant, PVC compound
Outer tube: seamless PVC, lengthwise fluted
Reinforcement: high resistance synthetic textile braids
Temperature range: 0°C to +60°C
Application: agricultural insecticide and pesticide spraying
Food-quality PVC water hose
Description
Inner tube: seamless, non-toxic, food-quality PVC
Outer tube: seamless PVC
Reinforcement: 1 polyester braid
Temperature range: 0°C to +60°C
Application: food industry
Reference URL’s:
1. http://www.balflex.com/Catalogue.asp2. http://www.bengalind.com/prod.htm3. http://www.precisionhose.com/index.htm4. http://www.tamparubber.com/hosecmet.htm