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Historical
Perspective
Special Education
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1700s Jean-Marc Gaspard ItardA French Physician of Special Education. He worked with deaf
children. In 1801 he discovered a young boy roaming wild in the
woods of France. Between 1801 and 1805he used a systematic
techniques to teach the boy named Victor how to communicate
with others and how to perform by daily living skills such asdressing himself.
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Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (1817)
It was this year that the first deaf school was
created in Hartford, Connecticut. This school was
inspired by Alice Cogswell, a neighbor who was
deaf.
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Perkins School for the Blind (1829)
This is where Helen Keller and Anne
Sullivan were educated.
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Samuel Gridley Howe (1832)Famous American reformer and abolitionist founded the
New England Asylum for the Blind(Perkins Institute). He
was the first person to successfully teach a person who
was both blind and deaf. The Perkins Institution in Boston,
Massachusetts was the first residential institution for
people with mental retardation.
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Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb
and Blind (1864)
It was the first college inthe world established for
people with disabilities.
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Elizabeth Farrell (1918)
Founded the Council for
exceptional children
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Jacobus Broek (1940)
Founded the National Federation of the Blind in Wilkes-
Barre, Pennsylvania. They advocated for white cane laws,
input by blind people for programs for blind clients and
other reforms.
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Paul Strachan(1940)Founded the American Federation of the Physically
Handicapped. He was the first cross-disability national
political organization to urge an end to job
discrimination, lobby for passage of legislation, call for
a National Employ the Physically Handicapped Weekand other activities.
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Pres. Harry Truman (1945)Signed PL-176 creating an annual National
Employ the Handicapped Week
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Pres. John F. Kennedy (1961)
Appointed a special Presidents Panel onMental Retardation. Increased interest in
employment issues affecting people with
cognitive disabilities and mental illness
were reflected.
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American Disabled for Public Transit (ADAPT)1978
It held a transit bus hostage in Denver, Colorado. A
yearlong civil disobedience campaign followed to
force the Denver Transit Authority to purchase
wheelchair lift-equipped buses.
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International Year of Disabled (1981)
During the year, governments were
encourage to sponsor programs bringing
people with disabilities into the
mainstream for their societies.
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Mental Illness Bill of Rights Act (1985)
Required states to provide protection and
advocacy services for people with
psychological disabilities.
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Pres. George Bush (1990)
Signed the Americans
with Disabilities Act
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Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
The act provided comprehensive civil rights
protection for people with disabilities. Closely
modelled after the Civil Rights Act Section 504, the
law was the most sweeping disability rights in
legislation in history.
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