Download - High Performance Power Plants
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High Performance Power Plants
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Complex Airplanes
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Complex Airplanes• Retractable landing gear
• Flaps
• Controllable pitch propeller
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High Performance Airplane
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High Performance Airplane
• Engine of over 200 Horsepower
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Manifold• What is a manifold?
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Manifold• What is a manifold?
• A pipe with many lateral outlets to connect one with others
• Airplanes often have an intake manifold and and exhaust manifold
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Manifold Pressure• A measure of the pressurized air in the
intake manifold measured in inches of mercury
• With the engine off, what does the manifold pressure normally register at sea level
• At 5,000 feet?
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Fuel Injection Systems
• Carburetor Heat
• Auxiliary Fuel Pump
• Fuel Flow Indicator
• Vapor Lock
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Engine Monitoring• Exhaust Gas Temperature Gauge
(EGT)
• Best Economy Mixture
• Best Power Mixture
• Cylinder-Head Temperature Gauge (CHT)
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Abnormal Combustion
• Detonation
• Preignition
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Induction Icing
• Impact Ice
• Induction System Icing
• Alternate Air Source
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Turbocharging Systems
• Manifold Pressure Gauge
• Absolute Ceiling
• Service Ceiling
• Critical Altitude
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Supercharging
• The compressor is driven by the crankshaft through an intricate gearing system, which takes considerable horsepower from the engine to operate
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Constant-Speed Propellers
• Blade Angle
• Pitch Angle
• Geometric Pitch Angle
• Effective Pitch Angle
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Constant-Speed Propellers
• Propeller Blade Slip
• Governing Range
• Propeller Control
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Constant-Speed Propellers
• Feathering Propellers Vs Nonfeathering
• Multiengine airplanes
• Reduce drag
• Prevent further engine damage
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• What is the largest reciprocating engine to be successfully used in an airplane?
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• What is the largest reciprocating engine to be successfully used in an airplane?
• R4360
• Eight of them used on the Spruce Goose.
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• What was the diameter of the propellers used on the Spruce Goose?
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• What was the diameter of the propellers used on the Spruce Goose?
• 17 feet 2 inches
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• What is propeller efficiency?
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• What is propeller efficiency?
• Ratio of thrust horsepower to brake horsepower
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• What is a Q-tipped propeller?
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• What is a Q-tipped propeller?
• A Hartzell propeller with the tip of each blade bent back 90 degrees. It normally replaces a propeller of larger diameter.
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• What are the advantages of a Q-tipped propeller?
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• What are the advantages of a Q-tipped propeller?
• Reduce cabin noise
• Increased Blade-to-ground clearance
• Less erosion and other damage caused by ground debris.
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• If you feather a propeller and then make a wheels-up landing, what direction will the propeller bend?
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• If you feather a propeller and then make a wheels-up landing, what direction will the propeller bend?
• backward
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• If you strike a propeller while you are in powered flight, which direction will it bend?
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• If you strike a propeller while you are in powered flight, which direction will it bend?
• forward
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• What material was used to make propellers on early aircraft?
• Why?
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• What material was used to make propellers on early aircraft?
• Why?
• Wood
• It is light, strong, flexible and can be easily worked.
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• After wood, what was the next popular material for making propellers?
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• After wood, what was the next popular material for making propellers?
• Metal
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• Does a propeller have the same geometric pitch throughout its length?
• Why?
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• No
• Tip of blade is moving faster than the hub. Tip would stall
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Noise Abatement
• Some airports have specific routes you have to fly to try to avoid populated areas
• Ground noise levels can often be reduced by reducing power
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• If you have a turbocharging system with manual controls, how might you encounter an overboost annunciator segment light?
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• Descending from a high altitude
• Applying takeoff power to a cold engine.
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• What is the maximum glide configuration in a Bonanza?
• Landing Gear?
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• What is the maximum glide configuration in a Bonanza?
• Landing Gear - Up
• Flaps?
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• What is the maximum glide configuration in a Bonanza?
• Landing Gear - Up
• Flaps - Up
• Cowl Flaps?
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• What is the maximum glide configuration in a Bonanza?
• Landing Gear - Up• Flaps - Up• Cowl Flaps - Closed• Propeller?
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• What is the maximum glide configuration in a Bonanza?
• Cowl Flaps - Closed
• Propeller - Pull for low RPM
• Airspeed?
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• What is the maximum glide configuration in a Bonanza?
• Propeller - Pull for low RPM
• Airspeed - 105 KTS
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• What is the emergency descent configuration of the Bonanza?
• Power?
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• What is the emergency descent configuration of the Bonanza?
• Power - Idle
• Propeller?
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• What is the emergency descent configuration of the Bonanza?
• Power - Idle
• Propeller - High RPM
• Landing Gear?
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• What is the emergency descent configuration of the Bonanza?
• Power - Idle• Propeller - High RPM• Landing Gear - Down• Airspeed?
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• What is the emergency descent configuration of the Bonanza?
• Power - Idle• Propeller - High RPM• Landing Gear - Down• Airspeed - 154 KTS
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What effect, if any, would a change in ambient temperature or air density have on gas turbine engine performance?
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A. As temperature increases, thrust decreases.B. As air density decreases, thrust increases.C. As temperature increases, thrust increases.
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What effect, if any, would a change in ambient temperature or air density have on gas turbine engine performance?A. As temperature increases, thrust decreases..
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Applying carburetor heat willA. enrich the fuel/air mixture.B. lean the fuel/air mixture.C. not affect the mixture.
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Applying carburetor heat willA. enrich the fuel/air mixture.
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Detonation occurs in a reciprocating aircraft engine when
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A. the spark plugs receive an electrical jolt caused by a short in the wiring.B. there is an explosive increase of fuel caused by too rich a fuel/air mixture.C. the unburned charge in the cylinders is subjected to instantaneous combustion.
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Detonation occurs in a reciprocating aircraft engine whenC. the unburned charge in the cylinders is subjected to instantaneous combustion.
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The uncontrolled firing of the fuel/air charge in advance of normal spark ignition is known asA. instantaneous combustion.B. detonation.C. pre-ignition.
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The uncontrolled firing of the fuel/air charge in advance of normal spark ignition is known asC. pre-ignition.
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Before shutdown, while at idle, the ignition key is momentarily turned OFF. The engine continues to run with no interruption; this
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A. is normal because the engine is usually stopped by moving the mixture to idle cut-off.B. is an undesirable practice, but indicates that nothing is wrong.C. should not normally happen. Indicates a magneto not grounding in OFF position.
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Before shutdown, while at idle, the ignition key is momentarily turned OFF. The engine continues to run with no interruption; thisC. should not normally happen. Indicates a magneto not grounding in OFF position.
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A detuning of engine crankshaft counterweights is a source of overstress that may be caused by
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A. rapid opening and closing of the throttle.B. operating with an excessively rich fuel/air mixture.C. carburetor ice forming on the throttle valve.
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A detuning of engine crankshaft counterweights is a source of overstress that may be caused byA. rapid opening and closing of the throttle.
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If the ground wire between the magneto and the ignition switch becomes disconnected, the engine
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A. will not operate on one magneto.B. cannot be started with the switch in the BOTH position.C. could accidentally start if the propeller is moved with fuel in the cylinder.
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If the ground wire between the magneto and the ignition switch becomes disconnected, the engineC. could accidentally start if the propeller is moved with fuel in the cylinder.
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For internal cooling, reciprocating aircraft engines are especially dependent on
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A. a properly functioning cowl flap augmenter.B. the proper freon/compressor output ratio.C. the circulation of lubricating oil.
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For internal cooling, reciprocating aircraft engines are especially dependent onC. the circulation of lubricating oil.
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Frequent inspections should be made of aircraft exhaust manifold-type heating systems to minimize the possibility of
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A. a cold-running engine due to the heat withdrawn by the heater.B. exhaust gases leaking into the cockpit.C. a power loss due to back pressure in the exhaust system.
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Frequent inspections should be made of aircraft exhaust manifold-type heating systems to minimize the possibility ofB. exhaust gases leaking into the cockpit.
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Propeller efficiency is theA. ratio of thrust horsepower to brake horsepower.B. actual distance a propeller advances in one revolution.C. ratio of geometric pitch to effective pitch.
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Propeller efficiency is theA. ratio of thrust horsepower to brake horsepower.
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The reason for variations in geometric pitch (twisting) along a propeller blade is that it
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A. prevents the portion of the blade near the hub from stalling during cruising flight.B. permits a relatively constant angle of attack along its length when in cruising flight.C. permits a relatively constant angle of incidence along its length when in cruising flight.
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The reason for variations in geometric pitch (twisting) along a propeller blade is that itB. permits a relatively constant angle of attack along its length when in cruising flight.
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Which statement best describes the operating principle of a constant-speed propeller?
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A. As throttle setting is changed by the pilot, the prop governor causes pitch angle of the propeller blades to remain unchanged.B. A high blade angle, or increased pitch, reduces the propeller drag and allows more engine power for takeoffs.C. The propeller control regulates the engine RPM and in turn the propeller RPM.
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Which statement best describes the operating principle of a constant-speed propeller?C. The propeller control regulates the engine RPM and in turn the propeller RPM.
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In aircraft equipped with constant-speed propellers and normally-aspirated engines, which procedure should be used to avoid placing undue stress on the engine components? When power is being
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A. decreased, reduce the RPM before reducing the manifold pressure.B. increased or decreased, the RPM should be adjusted before the manifold pressure.C. increased, increase the RPM before increasing the manifold pressure.
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In aircraft equipped with constant-speed propellers and normally-aspirated engines, which procedure should be used to avoid placing undue stress on the engine components? When power is beingC. increased, increase the RPM before increasing the manifold pressure.
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For takeoff, the blade angle of a controllable-pitch propeller should be set at aA. large angle of attack and high RPM.B. small angle of attack and high RPM.C. large angle of attack and low RPM.
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For takeoff, the blade angle of a controllable-pitch propeller should be set at aB. small angle of attack and high RPM.
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To establish a climb after takeoff in an aircraft equipped with a constant-speed propeller, the output of the engine is reduced to climb power by decreasing manifold pressure and
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A. decreasing RPM by increasing propeller blade angle.B. increasing RPM by decreasing propeller blade angle.C. decreasing RPM by decreasing propeller blade angle.
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To establish a climb after takeoff in an aircraft equipped with a constant-speed propeller, the output of the engine is reduced to climb power by decreasing manifold pressure andA. decreasing RPM by increasing propeller blade angle.