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HERE WE ARE! We are students coming from the scientific high
school of Lodi, “Gandini”.
We join in this project called “C.L.I.L.”, trying to teach you something about
EVOLUTION.
by:
Lisa,Matilde,Giulia,Amina,Mattia,Danilo,Samuele,Alessandro,Agostino
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C.L.I.L. project What does C.L.I.L. mean ?
Content
Language
Integrated
Learning
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The Achievements
Science in English
Improve your English
Learn about evolution, natural selection and darwinism
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is a change in the genetic composition of
population during successive generations,
often resulting in the development of new
species.
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TRAIT
SURVIVAL H A B I T A T
MUTATION
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GENE IT’S A PART OF A CELL THAT IS
PASSED FROM GENERATION
TO GENERATION
AND THAT CONTROLS
PARTICULAR CHARACTERIS
TICS
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REPRODUCTION IT IS THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING
A NEW ORGANISM
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HERITABLE ALL THE
CHARACTERISTICS CAN BE PASSED FROM PARENTS TO
A CHILD THROUGH THE GENES
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SURVIVAL CONTINUING TO LIVE ALTHOUGH
DANGEROUS SITUATIONS
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MUTATION
THE WAY IN
WHICH GENES
CHANGE AND
PRODUCE
PERMANENT
DIFFERENCES
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SPECIES A GROUP OF
PLANTS OR ANIMALS THAT ARE
THE SAME IN SOME
WAY
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TRAITS A PARTICULAR CHARACTERISTIC THAT CAN PRODUCE A PARTICULAR TYPE
OF BEHAVIOUR
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HABITAT
THE NATURAL EnVIRONMENT IN
WHICH AN ORGANISM USUALLY
LIVES
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D N A A NUCLEIC ACID THAT CARRIES THE GENETIC INFORMATION IN
CELLS.
IT CONSISTS of TWO LONG CHAINS OF NUCLEOTIDES WITH
COMPLEMENTARy BASES,
-ADENINE AND THYMINE
-CYTOSINE AND GUANINE
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THE GENETIC CODE
THE TRIPLETS FORMED
BY NUCLEOTIDES ARE
THE BASE OF THE
GENETIC CODE.
THIS CODE IS USED TO
TRANSLATE GENETIC
MATERIAL INTO
PROTEINS.
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GENOTYPE and PHENOTYPE
WHICH IS THE DIFFERENCE?
GENOTYPE
GENE
PHENOTYPE
ALLEL =
a member of genes that controls one
specific trait on the chromosome
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GENOTYPE: The entire set of genes in an organism. It is your complete heritable
genetic identity.
PHENOTYPE:
The appearance of an organism resulting from the interaction of the
genotype and the environment.
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«THEORY OF INHERITANCE OF ACQUIRED CHARACTERISTICS»
An organism changes during his life and those changes, made by what they want or need, are passed on to its offspring
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What about his theory?
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Beings evolve following thier necessity to adapt to different
environnement conditions
To adapt themselves, beings develope the use
of specific organs
Species modify their features to transmit them to the prole
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The best example of Lamarck’s theory is about giraffes. Lamarck believed that giraffes stretched their necks to reach food. Their offspring and later
generations inherited the resulting long necks.
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• From 1831-1836, a young naturalist called Charles Darwin toured the world in HMS Beagle. • He was surprised by the amazing diversity of life and started to wonder how it might have originated
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THEORY OF EVOLUTION
BY DARWIN
It consisted of two points:
1. Evolution is the process by
which a group of animals
descended from one or a few
common ancestors
2. The mechanism by which
this evolution take place is
called natural selection
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Natural Selection
This exemple teaches the meaning of Darwin’s natural selection. The birds with better beack, alive. The birds with a worse beak, die. So only the birds with better beack, still alive; other birds, will extinguish
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The tree of life is a
metaphor used to
describe the
relationship between
organisms both living
and extinct.