Transcript

Helping More Teachers

Discover Your Digital Resources

American Alliance of Museums Annual Meeting

Atlanta, Georgia

April 28, 2015

Darren Milligan

Senior Digital Strategist

Smithsonian Center for Learning and Digital Access

Smithsonian Institution

@darrenmilligan

Melissa Wadman

Manager of Program Evaluation

Smithsonian Center for Learning and Digital Access

Smithsonian Institution

@melwad

This Afternoon

Why Digital?

Metadata Creation:

Learning Resource Metadata Initiative

Metadata Distribution: Learning Registry

Case Study: Smithsonian

Case Study: ArtNC

How to Create a Metadata Project

This Afternoon

Why Digital?

Metadata Creation:

Learning Resource Metadata Initiative

Metadata Distribution: Learning Registry

Case Study: Smithsonian

Case Study: ArtNC

How to Create a Metadata Project

Source: Frontline Design, http://www.frontlinedesign.org/project/night-at-the-museum-2-battle-of-the-smithsonian

Image from Flickr user Mike Procario,

https://www.flickr.com/photos/procario/11060000573/, used under a CC BY-ND 2.0license.

Smithsonian, in 2014:

19 Museums and Galleries & National Zoo

Smithsonian, in 2014:

19 Museums and Galleries & National Zoo

137.7M Museums Objects & Specimens

1.9M Library Volumes

136,194 Cubic feet of archival material

Smithsonian, in 2014:

19 Museums and Galleries & National Zoo

137.7M Museums Objects & Specimens

1.9M Library Volumes

136,194 Cubic feet of archival material

6,373 Employees

721 Research Fellows

9,817 Volunteers

Smithsonian, in 2014:

19 Museums and Galleries & National Zoo

137.7M Museums Objects & Specimens

1.9M Library Volumes

136,194 Cubic feet of archival material

6,373 Employees

721 Research Fellows

9,817 Volunteers

26.7M Physical Visitors

99M Digital (Website) Visitors

1995

23.6 million physical visits to museums

72,942 digital visits

1995

23.6 million physical visits to museums

72,942 digital visits

2014

26.7 million physical visits to museums

99 million digital visits

1995

23.6 million physical visits to museums

72,942 digital visits

2014

26.7 million physical visits to museums

99 million digital visits

Physical: 26,700,000-23,600,000 /

23,600,000 X 100 = 13.16% increase

Digital: 99,000,000-72,942 / 72,942 X 100

= 135,624.27% increase

1995

23.6 million physical visits to museums

72,942 digital visits

2014

26.7 million physical visits to museums

99 million digital visits

Physical: 26,700,000-23,600,000 /

23,600,000 X 100 = 13.16% increase

Digital: 99,000,000-72,942 / 72,942 X 100

= 135,624.27% increase

Audience Participation Time

Image adapted from the Department of Education,

http://www.flickr.com/photos/departmentofed/9602545478/, used under a CC BY 2.0 license.

Pew Research Teachers Survey Report February 2013

(i.e. Internet Highly Useful to Teachers)

92%: Internet has “major impact” on their ability to

access content, resources, and materials

90%: use search engines to find info

84%: use Internet weekly to find content that will

engage students

80%: use Internet weekly to help them create

lessons

Pew Research Teachers Survey Report February 2013

(i.e. Internet Highly Frustrating to Use)

83%: teachers agree that “amount of info online

today is overwhelming for most students”

71%: teachers agree that “digital tech discourage

students from finding and using a wide variety of

sources for their research”

60%: teachers agree that “digital tech makes it

harder for students to find and use credible sources

of information”

LRMI Educators Survey Report August 2013 Update

44%: search online several times a week

31%: search online daily

65%: report “irrelevant results”

87%: more satisfied if they could filter

Survey responses from educators indicating the relative importance of descriptive metadata for learning resources (LRMI Survey Report August 2013 Update, Ease and

Discoverability: Educators and Publishers on the Search for Educational Content).

How Can We Make Search Easier?

This Afternoon

Why Digital?

Metadata Creation:

Learning Resource Metadata Initiative

Metadata Distribution: Learning Registry

Case Study: Smithsonian

Case Study: ArtNC

How to Create a Metadata Project

What is Metadata?

Image : Potato salad, by Flickr user Andrew Tseng , used under a CC CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 license.

https://www.flickr.com/photos/arvidnn/7287171294

Image: Arugula Potato Salad, by Flickr user Megan Myers, used under a CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 license,

https://www.flickr.com/photos/sunlitrain/3871786130

Image courtesy: Michael Jay, Educational Systemics; originally from steamykitchen.com Warm Bacon Potato Salad Recipe ,

http://steamykitchen.com/18741-warm-bacon-potato-salad-recipe.html

Schema.org

What About Education?

What About Education?

LRMI Properties

General Terms (schema.org)

• title/name

• URL

• description

• image

• about

• created (date)

• Creator

• Publisher

• inLanguage

• useRightsUrl

• isBasedOnUrl

LRMI Properties

Educational Terms

• educationalRole

• educationalUse

• timeRequired

• typicalAgeRange

• interactivityType

• learningResourceType

LRMI Properties

Competency-related Terms

• educationalAlignment

• educationalFramework

• AlignmentType

• targetDescription

• targetName

• targetURL

Now That We’ve Tagged

Our Learning Resources,

How Do We Share

the Metadata?

This Afternoon

Why Digital?

Metadata Creation:

Learning Resource Metadata Initiative

Metadata Distribution: Learning Registry

Case Study: Smithsonian

Case Study: ArtNC

How to Create a Metadata Project

LE

LRMILearning Registry Learning Resource

Aggregators

Image adapted from the Learning Registry,

http://www.learningregistry.org

<span prefix="schema: http://schema.org/" typeof="schema:CreativeWork”>

<meta property="schema:name" content="Smithsonian in Your Classroom: World War II on the Home Front: Civic Responsibility" />

<meta property="schema:description" content=" Lesson based on posters that encouraged American citizens to contribute to the war effort. Students consider the importance of volunteerism in

a free society." />

<meta property="schema:learningResourceType" content="On-Line, Other" />

<meta property="schema:publisher" content="Smithsonian Center for Learning and Digital Access" />

<meta property="schema:url" content="http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/civic_responsibility/index.html" />

<meta property="schema:keywords" content="Citizenship, Liberty, Propaganda, Primary Sources, wwii" />

<meta property="schema:educationalAlignment" content="http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/resource_library/standards_of_learning_sel.asp?state=-1&amp;grade=-

1&amp;loid=2072" />

<meta property="schema:typicalAgeRange" content="8-10, 10-12, 12-14, 14-16, 16-18" />

<meta property="schema:educationalRole" content="Student, Teacher" />

<meta property="schema:educationalUse" content="Discussion/Debate, Guided questions, Introduction, Reading, Visual/Spatial" />

<meta property="schema:inLanguage" content="English" />

<meta property="schema:interactivityType" content="Mixed" />

<meta property="schema:timeRequired" content="PT4H" />

<meta property="schema:license" content="http://www.si.edu/termsofuse/" />

<meta property="schema:accessibilityControl" content="fullMouseControl" />

<meta property="schema:accessibilityFeature" content="structuralNavigation, tableOfContents" />

<meta property="schema:accessibilityHazard" content="noFlashingHazard, noMotionSimulationHazard, noSoundHazard" />

<meta property="schema:accessMode" content="textual, visual" />

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

<meta property="schema:alignmentType" content="Teaches" />

<meta property="schema:educationalFramework" content="CCSS" />

<meta property="schema:targetDescription" content="Ask and answer questions about key details in a text." />

<meta property="schema:targetName" content="CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.1" />

<meta property="schema:targetUrl" content="http://corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/1/1" />

</span>

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

<meta property="schema:alignmentType" content="Teaches" />

<meta property="schema:educationalFramework" content="CCSS" />

<meta property="schema:targetDescription" content="Identify the main topic and retell key details of a text." />

<meta property="schema:targetName" content="CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.2" />

<meta property="schema:targetUrl" content="http://corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/1/2" />

</span>

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

<meta property="schema:alignmentType" content="Teaches" />

<meta property="schema:educationalFramework" content="CCSS" />

<meta property="schema:targetDescription" content="Describe the connection between two individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information in a text." />

<meta property="schema:targetName" content="CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.3" />

<meta property="schema:targetUrl" content="http://corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/1/3" />

</span>

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

<meta property="schema:alignmentType" content="Teaches" />

<meta property="schema:educationalFramework" content="CCSS" />

<meta property="schema:targetDescription" content="Distinguish between information provided by pictures or other illustrations and information provided by the words in a text." />

<meta property="schema:targetName" content="CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.6" />

<meta property="schema:targetUrl" content="http://corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/1/6" />

</span>

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

<meta property="schema:alignmentType" content="Teaches" />

<meta property="schema:educationalFramework" content="CCSS" />

<meta property="schema:targetDescription" content="Use the illustrations and details in a text to describe its key ideas." />

<meta property="schema:targetName" content="CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.7" />

<meta property="schema:targetUrl" content="http://corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/1/7" />

Image adapted from the Learning Registry Technical Specification,

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1msnZC6RU9N72Omau0F4FNBO5YCU6hZrG1kKRs_z42Mc/edit?hl=en_GB

Image: Newspaper clipping via: http://www.fodey.com/generators/newspaper/snippet.asp

This Afternoon

Why Digital?

Metadata Creation:

Learning Resource Metadata Initiative

Metadata Distribution: Learning Registry

Case Study: Smithsonian

Case Study: ArtNC

How to Create a Metadata Project

Learning Resource Metadata Initiative

Project and Evaluation (2014–2015)

Smithsonian produced educationally-relevant metadata for

2,500 Smithsonian learning resources, distributed the

metadata via the Learning Registry, and built capacity for

Smithsonian educators and content creators to develop

metadata as they publish new digital learning resources.

The goals of the Smithsonian LRMI project are to:

• Develop and publish metadata required to fully describe

the existing Smithsonian learning resources

• Evaluate the impact of LRMI metadata on the

discoverability, analysis, and use of Smithsonian

learning resources

based on The Content Developers Guide to the Learning Resource Metadata Initiative and Learning Registry, 2013

What Did the Metadata

Look Like Before LRMI?

txtID

txtTitle

txtDescription

txtType

musName

webaddr

Keywords

Standards Alignment

Subject(s)

Grade(s)

What Did the Metadata

Look Like Before LRMI?

txtID 2072

txtTitle Smithsonian in Your Classroom:

World War II on the Home Front: Civic Responsibility

txtDescription Lesson based on posters that encouraged American citizens

to contribute to the war effort. Students consider the

importance of volunteerism in a free society.

txtType Lesson Plans

musName Smithsonian Center for Learning and Digital Access

webaddr http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/…

Keywords Citizenship, Liberty, Propaganda, Primary Sources, wwii

Standards Alignment http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/resourc/…

Subject(s) Wars, World War II

Grade(s) 4–8, 9–12

What Does the Metadata

Look Like Now?

txtTitle (Name)

txtID

txtDescription (Description)

MusName (Publisher)

Web Address (URL)

status

Keyword(s)

Standards Alignment

about (subjects)

TypicalAgeRange (Grade)

dateCreated

alignmentType

educationalRole

educationalUse

inLanguage

learningResourceType

interactivityType

timeRequired

useRightsUrl

accessibilityAPI

accessibilityControl

accessibilityFeature

accessibilityHazard

access Mode

educationalAlignment

What Does the Metadata

Look Like Now?

txtTitle (Name) Smithsonian in Your Classroom: World War II on the Home Front: Civic Responsibility

txtID 2072

txtDescription (Description) Lesson based on posters that encouraged American citizens to contribute to the war effort... MusName

(Publisher) Smithsonian Center for Learning and Digital Access

Web Address (URL) http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/civic_responsibility/index.html

status Live

Keyword(s) global sound, folkways

Standards Alignment http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/resource_library/stand…

about (subjects) Citizenship, Liberty, Propaganda, Primary Sources, wwii

TypicalAgeRange (Grade) 8-10, 10-12, 12-14, 14-16, 16-18

dateCreated 2007

alignmentType Teaches

educationalRole Teacher, Student

educationalUse Discussion/Debate, Guided questions, Introduction, Reading, Visual/Spatial

inLanguage English

learningResourceType Lesson Plan

interactivityType Mixed

timeRequired PT4H

useRightsUrl http://www.si.edu/termsofuse/

accessibilityAPI

accessibilityControl fullMouseControl

accessibilityFeature structuralNavigation, tableOfContents

accessibilityHazard noFlashingHazard, noMotionSimulationHazard, noSoundHazard

access Modetextual, visual

educationalAlignment CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.1, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.2, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.3, CCSS.ELA-

Literacy.RI.1.6, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.7, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.8, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.10, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RF.1.4a,

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.1.8, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.1.1a, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.1.1b, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.2.1, CCSS.ELA-

Literacy.RI.2.2, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.2.3, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.2.5, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.2.8, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.2.10,

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RF.2.4a, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.2.8, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.2.1a, CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.2.1b, CCSS.ELA-

What Does the Metadata

Look Like on Your Websites?

<span prefix="schema: http://schema.org/" typeof="schema:CreativeWork”>

<meta property="schema:name" content="Smithsonian in Your Classroom: World War II on the Home Front: Civic Responsibility" />

meta property="schema:description" content=" Lesson based on posters that encouraged American citizens to contribute to the war effort. Students consider the importance of volunteerism in a

free society." />

<meta property="schema:learningResourceType" content="On-Line, Other" />

<meta property="schema:publisher" content="Smithsonian Center for Learning and Digital Access" />

meta property="schema:url" content="http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/lesson_plans/civic_responsibility/index.html" />

<meta property="schema:keywords" content="Citizenship, Liberty, Propaganda, Primary Sources, wwii" />

<meta property="schema:educationalAlignment" content="http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/educators/resource_library/standards_of_learning_sel.asp?state=-1&amp;grade=-

1&amp;loid=2072" />

<meta property="schema:typicalAgeRange" content="8-10, 10-12, 12-14, 14-16, 16-18" />

<meta property="schema:educationalRole" content="Student, Teacher" />

<meta property="schema:educationalUse" content="Discussion/Debate, Guided questions, Introduction, Reading, Visual/Spatial" />

<meta property="schema:inLanguage" content="English" />

<meta property="schema:interactivityType" content="Mixed" />

<meta property="schema:timeRequired" content="PT4H" />

<meta property="schema:license" content="http://www.si.edu/termsofuse/" />

<meta property="schema:accessibilityControl" content="fullMouseControl" />

<meta property="schema:accessibilityFeature" content="structuralNavigation, tableOfContents" />

<meta property="schema:accessibilityHazard" content="noFlashingHazard, noMotionSimulationHazard, noSoundHazard" />

<meta property="schema:accessMode" content="textual, visual" />

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

<meta property="schema:alignmentType" content="Teaches" />

<meta property="schema:educationalFramework" content="CCSS" />

<meta property="schema:targetDescription" content="Ask and answer questions about key details in a text." />

<meta property="schema:targetName" content="CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.1" />

<meta property="schema:targetUrl" content="http://corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/1/1" />

</span>

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

<meta property="schema:alignmentType" content="Teaches" />

<meta property="schema:educationalFramework" content="CCSS" />

<meta property="schema:targetDescription" content="Identify the main topic and retell key details of a text." />

<meta property="schema:targetName" content="CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.2" />

<meta property="schema:targetUrl" content="http://corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/1/2" />

</span>

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

<meta property="schema:alignmentType" content="Teaches" />

<meta property="schema:educationalFramework" content="CCSS" />

<meta property="schema:targetDescription" content="Describe the connection between two individuals, events, ideas, or pieces of information in a text." />

<meta property="schema:targetName" content="CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RI.1.3" />

<meta property="schema:targetUrl" content="http://corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/1/3" />

</span>

<span property="schema:educationalAlignment" typeof="schema:AlignmentObject”>

What Could the Metadata

Look Like on Other Websites?

Train and Share

● Training Workshops

● Training Google Hangout

● LRMI Guide

● How-to Infographic for Museums

Evaluation: Methodology/Sample

56 classroom educator participants (from across the U.S.

and recruited through an external firm) in this study

completed the first two of following activities:

• Phase One: Online Survey

• Phase Two: Webpage Analysis

• Phase Three: Web Analytics

Results: Online Survey

Only a handful of the participants were familiar with LRMI,

having heard about it from “our school librarian” or “at a

teachers’ conference.” Almost all of the participants

projected that educator specific tags would increase their

search satisfaction and increase the likelihood they would

use the materials.

Which educator specific tags were ranked most relevant:

• Grade level

• Content/subject area

• Alignment to standards

Results: Webpage Analysis

Majority primarily use Google to search for digital learning

resources several times a week, if not almost every day.

Less than one half of educators consider their searches

successful. Irrelevant results, lack of educator specific

filters, and time consumption are the factors leading to

search failure.

Participants found search and analysis to be most useful

when these metadata fields are visible:

• Content/subject area

• Grade level

• Source

This Afternoon

Why Digital?

Metadata Creation:

Learning Resource Metadata Initiative

Metadata Distribution: Learning Registry

Case Study: Smithsonian

Case Study: ArtNC

How to Create a Metadata Project

ArtNC.org

North Carolina Museum of Art, 2012

Arts integration program for K–12 teachers

Professional Development Tool

● Concept Explorer

● Teach teachers how to connect works of art to to their

lessons across disciplines by creating concept maps

Resources

● Collection info for NCMA’s most teachable works

of art

● 60 model lesson plans

ArtNC and LRMI

Heard about it on Twitter, proposed it to the project

director and developers, implemented in a content and

development update cycle (within their website content

management system).

Why?

Make Model Lesson Plans as findable and usable as

possible for aggregators. Easier than going out and

adding manually.

How?

Adjusted existing fields of lesson plans to better fit LRMI

terms. Added a new dropdown field to Drupal CMS for

“group type.” Added LRMI tags to the template code.

ArtNC and LRMI

Result

All subsequent Lesson Plans have embedded LRMI tags

without any extra effort.

ROI?

Hard to tell. Site traffic and community size have

experienced healthy growth.

Would we do it again?

Yep. It’s the right thing to do.

This Afternoon

Why Digital?

Metadata Creation:

Learning Resource Metadata Initiative

Metadata Distribution: Learning Registry

Case Study: Smithsonian

Case Study: ArtNC

How to Create a Metadata Project

Audience Participation Time, Part II

Image adapted from the Department of Education,

http://www.flickr.com/photos/departmentofed/9602545478/, used under a CC BY 2.0 license.

LRMItagger.org

LRMItagger.org

Recommendations

Museum educators can

• Create LRMI metadata for their existing resources.

• Work with Web staff to embed LRMI metadata on resource

HTML pages.

• Develop LRMI for emerging resources as they are developed.

Museum technologists can

• Assist museum educators in utilizing tagger tools.

• Work with museum education staff to embed LRMI metadata

on resource HTML pages.

• Publish LRMI metadata to the Learning Registry.

• Play an active role in the LRMI and the Learning Registry

communities to ensure that the needs of their institutions are

well represented as these initiatives continue to develop and

mature.

Thanks!

Helping More Teachers Discover Your Digital Resources

Learn More: bit.ly/edumetadata

American Alliance of Museums Annual Meeting

Atlanta, Georgia

April 28, 2015

Smithsonian Center for Learning and Digital Access, Smithsonian Institution

Darren Milligan / @darrenmilligan

Melissa Wadman / @melwad

To learn more about the ArtNC LRMI Project

Chad Weinard / @caw_

(currently Balboa Park Online Collaborative)

Ashley Weinard / @eduseum

(currently museum education consultant)


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