Download - Heather Drive Landslide Utah
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Heather Drive Heather Drive Landslide UtahLandslide Utah
James von der FechtJames von der FechtSimon PennockSimon Pennock
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IntroductionIntroduction
• Heather Drive is in the city of Layton, UtahHeather Drive is in the city of Layton, Utah
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Utah’s GeologyUtah’s Geology
• Landslides are common across the StateLandslides are common across the State
• Layton’s Location -Layton’s Location -• Soft, silty and clayey materialSoft, silty and clayey material• Near the Wasatch FaultNear the Wasatch Fault
• Utah has a very complex and Utah has a very complex and distinctive Geologydistinctive Geology
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Lake Bonneville
• Quaternary Period Lake, present during Pleistocene Epoch
• Delta covered where Layton is now situated
• Sands and gravels deposited along the shoreline and at river delta
Geological History
• Lake has since receded
• Cause of Layton’s ground conditions
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• Took place August 2001
The Heather Drive LandslideThe Heather Drive Landslide
• Landslide area ≈ 350m wide and 150m long• Land affected situated on a relatively gentle (20-28%) slope
• Caused by a reactivation of a prehistoric landslide
• Preceded by several smaller reactivations in Layton from 1997 onwards
• Main scarp formed measured up to 2.9m in height
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• 6 houses damaged on Heather Drive - • 3 destroyed• 3 partially recoverable
Impacts of the LandslideImpacts of the Landslide
• Economic cost approximately $1million -• Loss of homes• Re-routing of Utilities• Other costs incurred by Layton City
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Landslides Across UtahLandslides Across Utah• Types LandslidesTypes Landslides
• DebrisDebris• SlidesSlides• FallsFalls
• CausesCauses• RainfallRainfall• SnowfallSnowfall• IrrigationIrrigation
• SeasonalSeasonal• March, April, MayMarch, April, May• July and AugustJuly and August
• FrequencyFrequency• Regular small scale Regular small scale
landslideslandslides
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ProblemProblem• Debris FlowDebris Flow
• CausesCauses• Heavy Heavy
precipitationprecipitation• Channel scourChannel scour• Slope gradientSlope gradient
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ProblemProblem• Circular SlipCircular Slip
• CausesCauses• Poor drainagePoor drainage• Dynamic Dynamic
loadingloading• Excavation at Excavation at
toetoe
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ProblemProblem• Rock FallRock Fall
• CausesCauses• Poor drainagePoor drainage• UndercuttingUndercutting
• Stress changeStress change• Separation of Separation of
materialsmaterials
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Alternative Engineering Alternative Engineering ApproachesApproaches
• DrainageDrainage• ττ = c’ + = c’ + σσnn
’ ’ tan tan ФФ• Where Where σσ’ = ’ = σσ - - υυ
• Minimise irrigationMinimise irrigation• FarmingFarming
• Avoid excavation near Avoid excavation near the base of a landslidethe base of a landslide
• Re-profilingRe-profiling• Urban areaUrban area
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Alternative Engineering Alternative Engineering ApproachesApproaches
• Soil stabilisationSoil stabilisation• PinningPinning• VegetationVegetation
• TreesTrees• EducationEducation
• PlannersPlanners• New geological mapsNew geological maps
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Solution AdoptedSolution Adopted
• MonitoringMonitoring• Main scarpMain scarp
• EducationEducation• Sharing informationSharing information• Detailed response Detailed response
planplan
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ConclusionConclusion• Many types of landslide common in Utah• Heather Drive typical landslide case
• Layton incurred over $1million costs
• Landslides due to underlying geology and rainfall
• Landslides cost Utah millions of dollars per year