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Christopher Golden, PhD, MPH
Harvard School of Public Health (CHGE)
Director, WCS’ HEAL (Health & Ecosystems: Analysis of Linkages)ATBC 2014
Health and economic valuation of the subsistence harvest of wildlife in Madagascar
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HEAL SLIDE
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Ecological Transition:
enter the Anthropocene
Intact,
Natural
Environments
Engineered
Infrastructure/
Markets
Increased capital,
Increased inequality
The Poor
Loss of natural insurance:
food, shelter, etc.
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Conservation as
Public Health Intervention
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85% of all flora and fauna in Madagascar is endemic to the country
50% of floral diversity is found in the Makira watershed
Lemurs and all native carnivores are endemic only to Madagascar
Makira Watershed
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Wildlife as an Ecosystem Service
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BUSHMEAT AND ECONOMIES
The bushmeat trade is a local to global market that is
valued at billions of dollars per year
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Biodiversity Targeted
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• 7 yrs of panel data from 2 adjacent NPs for more than 650 hh
• Only 2% of wildlife harvest is sold (n=232, from 194 hh)
• Wildlife demand curve
• Two-stage least squares panel data method using IVs
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• Average ecosystem service value per hectare was $0.42/ha
• 57% of annual cash income (95%CI: 1.3-190.7%)
• Imputed price of wildlife and its consumption were highly correlated where higher prices led to reduced consumption
• Welfare value (foregone benefits from conservation)
• 2/3 of wildlife is harvested illegally
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Nutritional Value of Wildlife
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Global Anemia Prevalence
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Nutritional Importance of
Wildlife
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Nutritional Importance of
Wildlife
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Wildlife and nutrition
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Anthropometry & Clinical Work
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Nutritional Analyses
- Micronutrients (iron, zinc), vitamins (A, B12, E) and fatty acids (LA/ALA vs EPA/DHA)
- Biomarkers (CRP, AGP, TFR, ferritin)- Linking diet to status- Linking environmental change to diet
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS• the HEAL Consortium
• Matthew Bonds, Justin
Brashares and Claire Kremen
• Dr. Herlyne Ramihantaniarivo
• WCS Madagascar
• Anjaranirina Evelin Gasta