Download - Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt
![Page 1: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Harmonica: History, Anatomy and Playing
Peter R. Egbert MDProfessor of Ophthalmology, Emeritus
Department Chair, EmeritusStanford University
![Page 2: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• I have no conflict of interest or financial disclosures for this presentation
![Page 3: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
History• Many instruments have been called “harmonica” or
“mouth organ”, before the advent of the modern harmonica.
• 3000 BC: Free-reed instruments were used in China and Asia (e.g. the sheng)
• 1800’s: Modern diatonic harmonicas appeared .– 1821 Christian Buschman pitchpipe converted to instrument.– 1825-26 Richter 20 reeds in 10 holes ”mundharmonika”.– 1857 Matthias Hohner, a clock maker in Trossingen,
Germany, began manufacturing harmonicas full time.
![Page 4: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Hohner Harmonica Company Trossigen, Germany
• 1862-- first to export to North America• 1890-- 1,000,000/year• 1907-- 7,000,000 annually; 887,000
reeds from 15 tons of brass each day.–Many different models
• Today many competitors– Lee Oscar, Seydel, Huang, etc.
![Page 5: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Most popular musical instrument?
• “The only thing rarer than a person who has never owned a harmonica is a person who does it justice.”
• “You cannot be everywhere unless you can go everywhere.”– Portable, sturdy
• “An accordion with soul.”– Draw and blow notes– Breathe and play
![Page 6: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Soul
• Pocket Full of Soul• Grass Valley (CA) showing 2/28
https://www.tugg.com/go/36unaq
![Page 7: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Two main classes of harmonicas
• 10 hole diatonic– Expressive– Not all notes available– Blues
• Chromatic– All notes available– Jazz, classical
![Page 8: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Anatomy of a harmonica
![Page 9: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Reed plate and reeds
![Page 10: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cross section of air chamber and reeds
Bahnson HT et al. J Am Soc Acoustics.1998:103(4) 2134 -2144
![Page 11: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Standard tuning
![Page 12: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The 10 hole diatonic harmonica is a transposing instrument with various keys.
Note that the chord degrees are the same on all the harmonicas.
![Page 14: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Two main embouchures• Tongue block– The lips cover up to 4 holes.– The tongue blocks all but the right hole
(see MRI).
• Pucker or lip block. – The lips cover all but one hole.
![Page 15: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TLOC
Tongue block embouchure
![Page 16: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Playing your harmonica
1. Chords2. Single note
1. Tongue blocking2. Lip blocking or puckering
3. Slaps and pulls4. Octaves5. Vibrato6. Hand effects7. Pitch bending
![Page 17: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Standard tuning
![Page 18: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Cross section of air chamber and reeds
Bahnson HT et al. J Am Soc Acoustics.1998:103(4) 2134 -2144
![Page 19: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
2 hole draw bend
Bahnson HT et al. J Am Soc
Acoustics.1998:103(4) 2134 -2144
Blow reed displacem
ent
Start on G End on about F sharp
Draw reed displacement
![Page 20: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Anatomy of the Vocal
Tract
![Page 21: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
MTongue
E
HP
SP
VF
CV
Tr
NC
OC
OPh
HPh
3 hole draw note, no bend
![Page 22: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
10cm
3 hole draw note, minor third bend
![Page 23: Harmonica presentation M318 2.6.13.ppt](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051007/586be5351a28ab3a0c8b47b8/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
MRI Harmonica study group