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Village Electrification using 100%
Rice-husk powered GasifierSystem
Vill
Tamakuha,
DisttWest Champaran, Bihar
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A Non-Govt Organization registered in 2007
under the Societies Registration Act 21, 1860
Based in Patna, Bihar
Funded by NRIs as well as local residents
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MissionEmpowerment of remote and neglected
rural areas of Bihar through spread of
Energy and smart Agricultural practices
Goal for the project
To provide clean electric lighting to thehouseholds in Tamkuha at a rate cheaper
than their current expenditure
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Site Selection
UP on 3 sides and the erratic Great Gandak on the fourth
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Populationapprox. 1200 excluding migrants + athriving marketplace with over 50 shops
No. of householdsapprox. 350
Distance from distt. Headquarter - ~150 km
Distance from electrical substation82 km
Distance from nearest railhead47 km
Paddy production of over 1200 tonnes/year
Site Selection
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Technology
Has to be non-conventional
Solar energy is expensive
Approx. Rs. 400 / W for installation
Wind energy is not amply available
Hydel power is not feasible
High cost of establishment Approx. 7 km from the nearest river
Biomass energy is practically the only available option
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TechnologyBiomass Gasifier
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TechnologyBiomass Gasifier
Dual Fuel Mode - Very Commonly Used
Single Fuel Modewe are the first using rice-husk
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A Short Movie
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Cost of Establishment
Electric Cable
Transportation
Civil Work
Piping etcSite visits etc
Generator
Gasifier
Total CostRs 10,00,000 *
*We teamed up with new suppliers for the gasifier and the generator
with govt approved suppliers the cost is over Rs 25,00,000
our system is cheaper even without the govt subsidy
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Operating Expenses
Approx. 50 kg Rice-husk / hour
One LPG cylinder per 4 starts
3 personnel Misc. expenses on maintenance of the
system
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Power Distribution
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Power supply for 6 hrs in the evening
Pre-paid power at the rate of Rs. 30 per 15-20 W CFL forhouseholds and Rs. 40 per 15-20 W CFL for businesses Only CFL allowed for lighting
Total 300 connections
Avg. less than 2 CFL per connection Approx. Rs. 50 per connection
Approx. 65 A electricity usage at 210-220V (As read at the plant) Approx. 15% distribution loss
Power Distribution
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BIG PROBLEM
Power Distribution - Economics
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Expenditure
Rice husk
LPG cylinders
Human Resources
Incidentals /
maintenance + Land
Rent
Power Distribution - Economics
Total expenditure ~ Rs 22,000 per month
Collection of only Rs. 15,000 per month
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Generate own rice-husk Remove the LPG
Power DistributionEconomics
Solution
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Setup a mini Rice mill in partnership with a local at the plant Milling capacity of ~400 kg paddy per hour using approx. 15 A / phase
Milling at zero cost to attract consumers Operation and depreciation cost to be recovered by sale of the bran
Approx. Rs 10,000 per month (Rs. 4000 organizations share)
Operate the dehusker and polisher alternatively Possible to operate in parallel with the electricity supply to users
Generation of ~300 kg rice-husk per day
Daily consumption is approximately the same More than 40% rice-husk generated assuming 6 months operation of the rice mill
Cost of setting up the rice mill ~ Rs. 70,000 Organizations share Rs 35,000
Power DistributionEconomics
Generating Rice-husk
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Power Distribution - Economics
Total Investment ~Rs. 10,35,000
Expenditure
Rice husk
LPG cylinders
Human
Resources
Incidentals /
maintenance +
Land Rent
Total Expense ~Rs. 17500 per month
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Power DistributionEconomics
Removing the need for LPG
Store the Producer Gas for usage during
the next start Storage at ~200 psi
Less than 10% leakage in 24 hours
Adds Rs 10,000 to the cost
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Power Distribution - Economics
Total Investment ~Rs. 10,45,000
Total Expense ~Rs. 12500 per month
Expenditure
Rice husk
Human
Resources
Incidentals /
maintenance +Land Rent
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Fuses with every connection to check extreme theft of power Not aware of any efficient circuit breakers for 20 W power range
5-volunteer Gramin Urja Niyantran Samiti formed to check the power
theft as well as the regular fulfillment of operators responsibilities
Entire village divided in 4 sectors and 2-volunteer teams formed toassist in timely collection of advance dues Not an easy task
Need to generate more revenue to keep the operations fairly
independent of collections from the users
Power Distribution - Monitoring
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approx. 30 A current in one phase still remaining Run a 3 hp water pump for irrigation
Compare Rs 30 per hour vs Rs 80 per hour for 5 hp pump sets
Approx. Rs 3000 per month for 5 months
Adds Rs 15,000 to total investment
Working to add a wheat grinder to the rice-mill Possible because only the dehusker or the polisher of the rice-
mill run at one time
Would add Rs. 15,000 to total investment (7.5K in partnership Would add approx. Rs. 5000 per month in earning (Rs 2500
being the organizations share
Power Distribution
Further Improvements
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Winter Economics
Total ExpenseRs. 12,500 pm
Collection from the usersRs 15,000 pm
Income generation from subsidiary activities ~ Rs. 7000pm (very very conservative projection )
Net saving of approx. Rs. 9,000 pm
Daytime operation expected to commence in january Primarily for irrigation and operation of the rice-mill / wheat
grinder
May expect an additional income of approx. Rs. 9000 pm
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Expect the demand to grow 100% Rice-mill wouldnt operate
Revenue of Rs. 30,000 from evening operations
Expect at least as much load as winters during the day Revenue of approx. Rs. 15,000
Opportunity for catering power to threshers
Operations cost approx. Rs 25,000 pm A saving of over Rs. 20,000
Need to store husk for the rainy days Ample space (over 4000 sq feet) land for stocking
Ample husk in the area currently We have verbal contracts with over 6 rice-mills in the area for 100% of their rice-husk
For the Summer
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Timeline
Decision to go for bio-mass
gasification
Order placement
Euipment Delivery
Commencement of Operations
Connections
Rice-mill
Elimination of LPG
IrrigationWheat Grinder
Oct Nov Dec JanJune July Aug Sep
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So Far
Total Investment of ~11,00,000 Including Rs. 25,000 in maintaining operations in the initial
months
Conservatively projected savings of Rs. 15,000 pm
averaged over a year
Carbon credit cash from European Agencies worthapprox. Rs. 50,000
Return of more than 20% p.a. System pays itself off in 5 years only
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Future
Extend the concept to at least 25 villages
in the rice-rich region in next 2-3 years
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Roadblocks
Political boundaries
Has to pass through UP to reach thisunfortunate region of Bihar from Bihar
We dont know of a legal way to transportgoods through the BiharUP and UPBiharborder
Need fundsa lot of it
Seeking help from banks, investors anddonors
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Acknowledgements
Mr. S.K. Singh, PSO, MNRE, Patna
M/s Ganesh Engg. Works, Buxar (Gasifier
supplier )
M/s Prakash Diesels, Agra (Generator
supplier )
Our Family and Friends for constantly
doubting and/or encouraging us