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BE USED TO+ ING
PARTE ICOSTUMBRE O HABITO EN EL PASADO
USED TO (sola, acostumbraba a)Observa esta estructura gramatical: Subject + USED TO + verb
Robert used to live in the country.(Roberto sola vivir en el campo)
REGLAS BASICAS:
1) Puedes utilizar la forma infinitiva sin "to" del verbo BE despus del sujeto perono puedes utilizar las formas was, were, been o being del mismo verbo.Ejemplos:
I used to be a waiter when I was young.
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Observa estas 3 estructuras gramaticales:
a) Subject + MUST HAVE + participle + past time
There's a message on the machine. Monica must have called last night.(Hay un mensaje en el contestador. Mnica debe haber llamado anoche)
b) Subject + MUST BE > ing form + present time
The phone is ringing. Monica must be calling now.
(Est sonando el telfono. Mnica debe estar llamando)
c) Subject + MUST + verb + repeated time
Monica's father is ill in bed. She must call often.
(El padre de Mnica est enfermo. Ella debe llamar seguido)
Te das cuenta de la diferencia? Una observacin en el presente puede servir de base para una extraer una
conclusin acerca de algo que ocurri en el pasado.
Por ejemplo, "There is a message on my answering machine" (Hay un mensaje en micontestador). Puede deducirse que "my friend must have called last night" (mi amiga debehaber llamado anoche).
REGLAS BASICAS:
1) No utilices con esta estructura should o can en lugar de must.
3) Es incorrecto utilizar un verbo comn en lugar de have + participio cuando te
refieres a un hecho del pasado.
EJEMPLOS:
Incorrect: The streets are wet; it should have rained.
Correct: The streets are wet; it must have rained last night.
(Las calles estn mojadas. Debe haber llovido anoche
Pronoun QUANTITATIVE
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Pronouns are notional words which indicate objects and their properties without
indicating them, e. g.He rose. Many have come. Some did not do it., where thesubjects
are not named.
Semantic classes of the pronoun[1]
Semantic class Pronouns Notes
Personal Personal pronouns according to cases: This class has
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pronouns
Nominative case
I, he, she, it, we, you, they
Objective caseme, him, her, it, us, you, them
two cases: the
nominative
case, the
objective case.
Personal
pronouns arenoun-pronouns
- they occupy
the position of
nouns.
Possessive
pronouns
Two kinds of forms:
Conjoint
my, his, her, its, our, your, their
Absolutemine, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs
Conjoint
pronouns are
used as
adjective-
pronouns,
absolutepronouns are
used as noun-
pronouns.
Demonstrativepronouns
this (pl. these), that (pl. those), same, such, it
This and that
have the
pseudo-
category of
number. this
(pl. these), that
(pl. those),same are both
noun- and
adjective-
pronouns.such
is always an
adjective-
pronoun.
Reflexive
pronouns (self-
pronouns)
myself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves,
themselves, oneself
There is
division into
two classes:
reflexive,
emphatic (e.g, I
had myselfseen
a charming
Battersea box
quite to her
taste).
Reciprocal
pronouns
Reciprocal pronouns according to cases:
Common case
each other, one another
Possessive caseeach other's, one another's
Function as
noun-pronouns.
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Indefinite
pronouns
Classification ofIndefinite pronouns:
Indefinite proper pronouns
some, somebody, someone, something, any,
anybody, anyone, anything, one (meaning
some)
Distributive pronounsall, every, everybody, everyone (every one),
everything, each (one), both, either, another,
other
Negative pronouns
no, nobody, no one, none, nothing, neither
Quantitative pronouns
many, much, (a) few, (a) little
Some and any
are both noun-
and adjective-
pronouns, one
is only an
adjective-pronoun. The
compounds
with them are
only noun-
pronoun. Those
with -body and
-one have the
category of
case (common
and possessive,
or genitive).
Commonly
some and
compounds
with it occur in
affirmative
sentences. But
their use is
possible in
interrogativesentences,
firstly, when
the question
does not refer
to the pronouns,
that is, when
the sentence
expresses rather
an offer or
request, e.g.
"Would youlike to have
some coffee?";
"Can I have
some of those
nuts?",
secondly when
the pronouns
imply previous
knowledge, e.g.
"Do you know
something? Itall sounds kind
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of fantastic.";
'Can I ask you
something?'.
Note that the
use ofany andcompounds
with it is typical
ofif-clauses,
e.g. 'It'll cost us
our jobs if
anything goes
wrong.'
The pronouns
all, each, both,
either, another,
otherare both
noun- and
adjective-
pronouns, every
is only an
adjective-
pronoun, the
compounds
with every and
each are onlynoun-pronouns.
The latter have
the grammatical
category of
case (common
and possessive,
or genitive).
Anotherhas the
grammatical
category of
case (commonand possessive,
or genitive).
Otherhas the
grammatical
categories of
number and
case, e.g. She's
cleverer than
any of the
others. The
main differencebetween every
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(body) and each
(one) is that the
former occurs
when the
members of agroup have
something in
common,
whereas the
latter denoting
the same draws
attention to
some point of
difference
between them.
Both implies
two persons or
things. It
functions both
as a noun-
pronoun and an
adjective-
pronoun, e.g.
Both are well.
It also functionsas a
predeterminer,
e.g.Both the
boys were at
school now.
Both does not
occur in
negative
sentences.
Eitheralso
implies twopersons or
things, but
unlike both, is
followed by a
singular noun
and verb, e.g.
They walked on
either side of
the girl.
In informalEnglish each
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and eithercan
take a plural
verb, especially
if they are
followed by anof + Ns, e.g.
Each of the 2
girls upstairs
is/are
beautiful.In
informal
present-day
English
compound
pronouns with
the second
element -body
or-one are
associated with
plural
pronouns, e.g.
Everyone
thinks they
have the
answer.
Allimplies
more than two
persons or
things. It is
both a noun-
pronoun and an
adjective-
pronoun, e.g.It
devoured all of
his energy and
thought. It canfunction as a
predeterminer,
e.g. We walked
all the way.
Neither, like
either, is both a
noun- and
adjective-
pronoun,
applied to twopersons and
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things only and
is normally
followed by a
singular noun
or verb, e.g.Neither of these
/two/ cars is
what I want.
None is a
noun-pronoun
only, it is
applied to more
than two per-
sons or things
or to a
complete
absence of
them, e.g.None
of my problems
are solved.
No is an
adjective-
pronoun only,
nobody,
nothing and noone are noun-
pronouns.
Nobody and no
one have the
grammatical
category of
case (common
and genitive, or
possessive),
e.g. nobody's
fool(phras.expres.).
All of them are
both noun- and
adjective
pronouns.
Many and (a)
few are used
with counts and
much and (a)
little withuncounts.
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Interrogative
pronounswho, whose, what, which
Who is a noun-
pronoun,
'whose is an
adjective-
pronoun, what
and which areboth noun- and
adjective
pronouns. Who
has the
grammatical
category of
case (nomi-
native and
objective).
Conjunctive
pronounswho, whose, what, which
They are thesame pronouns
as interrogative
but used to
introduce
subject,
predicative,
object and
appositive
clauses.
Conjunctive
pronouns havethe same
grammatical
categories as
the
interrogative
ones.
Relative
pronouns
that, who, whose, which, as Relative
pronouns are
used to
introduceattributive
relative clauses,
e.g.But the few
years that
separated us
were wider
than an ocean.,
Liberty is an
illusion to those
who have never
known it.,That's the man
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whose house
was burned
down..As
correlates with
the pronouns
same andsuchin the main
clause, e.g.
Dead there on
the slope on
such a day as
this is. Only
who changes:
has the
category of
case.
The prop-
word one
one It is used to
avoid the
repetition of a
noun already
mentioned. It
has the
grammatical
category of
number, e.g.
Are those your
books? I wantto borrow a
good one/some
good ones on
farming.One
can be preceded
by the definite
article, nouns,
demonstratives,
adjectives,
ordinal
numerals, e.g.
The officer is
the one who
gives the
orders. On the
other hand, the
prop-word one
cannot be
preceded by a
noun the
possessive case,cardinal
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numerals, the
indefinite
pronounssome,
any, the
adjectives
severalandown
THIRD CONDITIOAL
The structure of a third conditional sentence
Like the other conditionals, a third conditional sentence consists of two clauses, an "if"
clause and a main clause:
ifclause main clause explanation
If I had studied
harder,
I would have passed
the exam.
I failed the exam, because I didn't study
hard enough.
If the "if" clause comes first, a comma is usually used. If the "if" clause comes second,
there is no need for a comma:
main clause ifclause
I probably would have passed the exam if I had studied harder.
We use different verb forms in each part of a third conditional:
ifclause if+ subject + past perfect verb*
main clause subject + would (OR could, OR might) have + past participle
*The past perfect is formed with the auxiliary verb "had", and the past participle (orthird form) of the verb.
Note also that third conditional forms can be contracted:
Full form If I had studied harder, I probably would have passed the exam.
Contracted form If I'd studied harder, I probably would've passed the exam.
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Using the third conditional
The third conditional is used to talk about things which DID NOT HAPPEN in the past.
If your native language does not have a similar construction, you may find this a little
strange, but it can be very useful. It is often used to express criticism or regret:
Example Explanation
If you had driven more carefully, you
would not have had an accident.
Criticism: You had an accident because you
didn't drive carefully enough.
If we had played a little better, we could
have won the game.
Regret: We didn't play well, so we lost the
game.
If you had saved your money, you could
have bought a computer.
Criticism: You didn't save your money, so
now you can't afford a computer.
If it had snowed, we could have gone
skiing.
Regret:It didn't snow, so we couldn't go
skiing.
MODALS IN PAST
Past modals come in two forms. The first type is the easiest and usually requires only a simple word
change:
I can drive.
I coulddrive when I was 16.
I have to go to California.
I hadto go to California.
Lenny will pay tomorrow.
Lenny said he wouldpay tomorrow.
(present ability)
(past ability)
(present obligation)
(past obligation)
(future intention)
(future reported from the past)
Past modals with have
Somepast modals can be formed by using have + the past participle of the main verb immediately after
the modal. (should have, could have, would have, etc.)
However, since modals expresspossibility, intention, obligation, etc., they do not always indicate a definite
tense. Therefore, when usingpast modals with have, special meanings need to be considered.
I should go to the funeral.
I should have gone to the funeral.
Lex might take Karen to the airport.
Lex might have taken Karen to the airport.
Lex could have taken Karen to the airport.
(I feel an obligation to go--later.)
(I didn't go. Now I regret it.)
(It's a future possibility.)
(He may be on his way there now.)
(Most likely he didn't.)
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Lex would have taken Karen to the airport.
Otis didn't come to work yesterday.
He had to take care ofhis children.
His children must have been sick.
(He didn't. He had an excuse.)
(past fact)
(past obligation)
(conjecture about the past)
See also:
Grammar: Common Modal Usage
Textbook Recommendation:
Touchy Situations, Chapter 19
If you have questions or comments about this page, please contact us.
Be sure to include the title of this page in the Subject line of your e-mail
MIXED CONDITIONALS
Mixed Conditionals
Those of you who have been following the Conditional Tutorial should now be
familiar with present, past and future conditional verb forms. Sometimes UnrealConditional sentences are mixed. This means that the time in the if-clause is notthe same as the time in the result. Study the examples below to learn how tomix conditional verb forms like a native speaker.
Verbs in green are in the Present Unreal Conditional.
Verbs in red are in the Past Unreal Conditional.
Verbs in purple are in the Future Unreal Conditional.
Mixed Conditional Patterns
PAST PRESENT
Examples:
If I had won the lottery, I would be rich.BUTIDIDN'TWINTHELOTTERYINTHEPASTAND IAMNOTRICHNOW.
If I had taken French in high school, I would have more job
opportunities.BUTIDIDN'TTAKEFRENCHINHIGHSCHOOLAND IDON'THAVEMANYJOBOPPORTUNITIES.
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If she had been born in the United States, she wouldn't need a visa towork here.BUTSHEWASN'TBORNINTHEUNITED STATESANDSHEDOESNEEDAVISANOWTOWORKHERE.
PAST FUTURE
Examples:
If she had signed up for the ski trip last week, she would be joining ustomorrow.BUTSHEDIDN'TSIGNUPFORTHESKITRIPLASTWEEKANDSHEISN'TGOINGTOJOINUSTOMORROW.
If Mark had gotten the job instead of Joe, he would be moving to
Shanghai.BUTMARKDIDN'TGETTHEJOBAND MARKISNOTGOINGTOMOVETO SHANGHAI.
If Darren hadn't wasted his Christmas bonus gambling in Las Vegas,he would go to Mexico with us next month.BUTDARRENWASTEDHIS CHRISTMASBONUSGAMBLINGINLAS VEGASANDHEWON'TGOTO MEXICOWITHUSNEXTMONTH.
PRESENT PAST
Examples:
If I were rich, I would have bought that Ferrari we saw yesterday.BUTIAMNOTCURRENTLYRICHANDTHATISWHYIDIDN'TBUYTHEFERRARIYESTERDAY.
If Sam spoke Russian, he would have translated the letter for you.BUTSAMDOESN'TSPEAKRUSSIANANDTHATISWHYHEDIDN'TTRANSLATETHELETTER.
If I didn't have to work so much, I would have gone to the party lastnight.BUTIHAVETOWORKALOTANDTHATISWHYIDIDN'TGOTOTHEPARTYLASTNIGHT.
PRESENT FUTURE
Examples:
If I didn't have so much vacation time, I wouldn't go with you on thecruise to Alaska next week.BUTIDOHAVEALOTOFVACATIONTIMEAND IWILLGOONTHETRIPNEXTWEEK.
If Cindy were more creative, the company would send her to New York
to work on the new advertising campaign.BUTCINDYISNOTCREATIVEANDTHECOMPANYWON'TSENDHERTO NEWYORKTOWORKONTHENEWCAMPAIGN.
If Dan weren't so nice, he wouldn't be tutoring you in math tonight.BUTDANISNICEANDHEISGOINGTOTUTORYOUTONIGHT.
FUTURE PAST
Examples:
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If I weren't going on my business trip next week, I would haveaccepted that new assignment at work.BUTIAMGOINGTOGOONABUSINESSTRIPNEXTWEEK,ANDTHATISWHYIDIDN'T
ACCEPTTHATNEWASSIGNMENTATWORK.
If my parents weren't coming this weekend, I would have planned a
nice trip just for the two of us to Napa Valley.BUTMYPARENTSAREGOINGTOCOMETHISWEEKEND,ANDTHATISWHYIDIDN'TPLANATRIPFORTHETWOOFUSTO NAPA VALLEY.
If Donna weren't making us a big dinner tonight, I would havesuggested that we go to that nice Italian restaurant.BUTSHEISGOINGTOMAKEUSABIGDINNERTONIGHT,ANDTHATISWHYIDIDN'TSUGGESTTHATWEGOTOTHATNICEITALIANRESTAURANT.
FUTURE PRESENT
Examples:
If I were going to that concert tonight, I would be very excited.BUTIAMNOTGOINGTOGOTOTHATCONCERTTONIGHTANDTHATISWHYIAMNOTEXCITED.
If Sandy were giving a speech tomorrow, she would be very nervous.BUTSANDYISNOTGOINGTOGIVEASPEECHTOMORROWANDTHATISWHYSHEINNOTNERVOUS.
If Seb didn't come with us to the desert, everyone would be verydisappointed.BUTSEBWILLCOMEWITHUSTOTHEDESERTANDTHATISWHYEVERYONEISSOHAPPY
Past wishes
Tags:
past
perfect
subjunctive
unreal
IF ONLY
WISH
WISH/IF ONLY + SUBJECT + PAST PERFECT
If only I hadnt gone to that party! = I wish I hadnt gone to that party! (= I regret
going/having gone to that party.)
Note the similarity between the subordinate clause of the third conditional and the one
mentioned above. Actually, if you complete the sentence above, you will get a third
conditional sentence.
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If only I hadnt gone to that party, I wouldnt have met him again!
Present Perfect Continuous
[has/have + been + present participle]
Examples:
You have been waiting here for two hours.
Have you been waiting here for two hours?
You have not been waiting here for two hours.
Complete List of Present Perfect Continuous Forms
USE 1 Duration from the Past Until Now
We use the Present Perfect Continuous to show that something started in thepast and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and"since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present PerfectContinuous.
Examples:
They have been talking for the last hour.
She has been working at that company for three years.
What have you been doing for the last 30 minutes?
James has been teaching at the university since June.
We have been waiting here for over two hours!
Why has Nancy not been taking her medicine for the last three days?
USE 2 Recently, Lately
You can also use the Present Perfect Continuous WITHOUT a duration such as"for two weeks." Without the duration, the tense has a more general meaning of"lately." We often use the words "lately" or "recently" to emphasize thismeaning.
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Examples:
Recently, I have been feeling really tired.
She has been watching too much television lately.
Have you been exercising lately?
Mary has been feeling a little depressed.
Lisa has not been practicing her English.
What have you been doing?
IMPORTANT
Remember that the Present Perfect Continuous has the meaning of "lately" or"recently." If you use the Present Perfect Continuous in a question such as"Have you been feeling alright?", it can suggest that the person looks sick or
unhealthy. A question such as "Have you been smoking?" can suggest that yousmell the smoke on the person. Using this tense in a question suggests you cansee, smell, hear or feel the results of the action. It is possible to insult someoneby using this tense incorrectly.
REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed Verbs
It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in anycontinuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings forMixed Verbscannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Present PerfectContinuous with these verbs, you must use Present Perfect.
Examples:
Sam has been having his car for two years. Not Correct
Sam has had his car for two years. Correct
Past Perfect Continuous
FORM
[had been + present participle]
Examples:
You had been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally
arrived.
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Had you been waiting there for more than two hours when she finallyarrived?
You had not been waiting there for more than two hours when shefinally arrived.
Complete List of Past Perfect Continuous Forms
USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Past
We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the pastand continued up until another time in the past. "For five minutes" and "for twoweeks" are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous.Notice that this is related to the Present Perfect Continuous; however, theduration does not continue until now, it stops before something else in the past.
Examples:
They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived.
She had been working at that company for three years when it went
out of business.
How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?
Mike wanted to sit down because he had been standing all day atwork.
James had been teaching at the university for more than a year before
he left for Asia.
A: How long had you been studying Turkish before you moved to
Ankara?B: I had not been studying Turkish very long.
USE 2 Cause of Something in the Past
Using the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the past is a goodway to show cause and effect.
Examples:
Jason was tired because he had been jogging.
Sam gained weight because he had been overeating.
Betty failed the final test because she had not been attending class.
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Past Continuous vs. Past Perfect Continuous
If you do not include a duration such as "for five minutes," "for two weeks" or"since Friday," many English speakers choose to use the Past Continuousrather than the Past Perfect Continuous. Be careful because this can change
the meaning of the sentence. Past Continuous emphasizes interrupted actions,whereas Past Perfect Continuous emphasizes a duration of time beforesomething in the past. Study the examples below to understand the difference.
Examples:
He was tired because he was exercising so hard.THISSENTENCEEMPHASIZESTHATHEWASTIREDBECAUSEHEWASEXERCISINGATTHATEXACTMOMENT.
He was tired because he had been exercising so hard.THISSENTENCEEMPHASIZESTHATHEWASTIREDBECAUSEHEHADBEENEXERCISING
OVERAPERIODOFTIME. ITISPOSSIBLETHATHEWASSTILLEXERCISINGATTHATMOMENTORTHATHEHADJUSTFINISHED.
REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs / Mixed Verbs
It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in anycontinuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings forMixed Verbscannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Past Perfect Continuouswith these verbs, you must use Past Perfect.
Examples:
The motorcycle had been belonging to George for years before Tina
bought it. Not Correct
The motorcycle had belonged to George for years before Tina boughtit. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as:always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
You had only been waiting there for a few minutes when she arrived.
Had you only been waiting there for a few minutes when she arrived?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
Chef Jones had been preparing the restaurant's fantastic dinners fortwo years before he moved to Paris.ACTIVE
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The restaurant's fantastic dinners had been being prepared by ChefJones for two years before he moved to Paris. PASSIVE
NOTE: Passive forms of the Past Perfect Continuous are not common
PAST TENSES
2.4. Tiempos verbales-Verb tenses
2.4.2.1.Simple past tense- Pasado simple: Es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza
para expresar acciones que tuvieron lugar en el pasado, sin que importe
excesivamente el momento del pasado en el que tuvieron lugar.
Ej.: John washed the dishes yesterday evening. (John lav los platos ayer por la
tarde).
Para construir las formas negativa e interrogativa del Simple Past, necesitamos laayuda del verbo auxiliar (to) do, esta vez con su tiempo en pasado, DID.
Forma negativa del Simple Past: Sujeto+ DID not/didn't+ Verbo de la accin
en infinitivo+Complementos.
Ej.: John didn't wash the dishes yesterday evening.
Forma interrogativa del Simple Past: DID+ Sujeto+ verbo de la accin en
infinitivo+ Complementos.
Did John wash the dishes yesterday evening?
En ingls, hay dos tipos de Simple Past o de pasado simple: el regular o el
irregular. Los verbos regulares forman el Simple Past aadiendo el sufijo -ed al
infinitivo y los verbos irregulares forman su Simple Past sin seguir ninguna regla.
En este apartado de la pgina tienes acceso a la lista completa de todos los verbos
irregulares que hay en ingls.
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Un ejemplo de Simple Past regular es el del verbo (to) wash= (lavar), cuyo Simple
Past es washed y un ejemplo de verbo irregular es el de (to) break= (romper) ,
cuyo Simple Past es broke.
2.4.2.2.Past Continuous/Progressive Tense- Pasado continuo: Es un tiempo
verbal en el que se expresan acciones que tuvieron lugar en el pasado, pero en un
momento concreto. Este tiempo verbal se forma con el pasado del verbo (to) be
(was o were)+ el verbo de la accin en gerundio (infinitivo+-ing).
Ej: John was washing the dishes at eight o'clock last night. (John estaba lavando
los platos a las ocho ayer por la noche).
Forma negativa del Past Continous/Progressive: Sujeto+ Was not o
wasn't/were not o weren't+ Verbo de la accin en gerundio+
Complementos.
Ej.: John was not/wasn't washing the dishes at eight o'clock last night.
Forma interrogativa del Past Continuous/Progressive: Was/were+Sujeto+Verbo
de la accin en gerundio+ Complementos?.
Ej.: Was John washing the dishes at eight o'clock last night?
2.4.2.3.Present Perfect tense- Pretrito Perfecto: Es un tiempo verbal que se
utiliza para expresar acciones que han tenido lugar en el pasado, pero en un
pasado muy reciente. Este tiempo verbal se forma con el presente del verbo (to)
have, has o have+el participio del verbo de la accin: Regular (Infinitivo+ed) o
Irregular (tercera columna de la lista de verbos irregulares).
Ej.: John has washed the dishes this morning. (John ha lavado los platos esta
maana).
Forma negativa del Present Perfect Tense: Sujeto+ has not o hasn't /have not
o haven't + Verbo de la accin en participio+ Complementos.
Ej.: John has not/ hasn't washed the dishes this morning.
Forma interrogativa del Present Perfect Tense: Has/Have+ Sujeto+ Verbo de la
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accin en participio+ Complementos.
Ej.: Has John washed the dishes this morning?
2.4.2.4.Past perfect tense-Pretrito pluscuamperfecto: Es un tiempo verbal
que expresa acciones que han tenido lugar en el pasado, pero en un pasado menos
reciente que el que se expresa en el Present Perfect. Es lo que se denomina el
pasado del pasado (past in the past). Se forma con el verbo (to) have en pasado,
had+ el participio del verbo de la accin: Regular (Infinitivo+ed) o Irregular
(tercera columna de la lista de verbos irregulares).
Ej: John had washed the dishes at two in the afternoon. (John haba lavado los
platos a las dos de la tarde).
Forma negativa del Past Perfect Tense: Sujeto+ had not/hadn't+ Verbo de la
accin en participio+ Complementos.
Ej.: John had not/hadn't washed the dishes at two in the afternoon.
Forma interrogativa del Past Perfect Tense: Had+ Sujeto+ Verbo de la accin en
participio+ Complementos.
.
LEADING TO FIRST CERTIFICATE
Quin reconoce el FCE?
Muchas instituciones educativas aceptan elFCE como prueba de nivel de ingls y tambinempresas multinacionales como American Express, Siemens o Procter & Gamble.
Por qu hacer el FCE en el British Council?
Un milln de personashacen sus exmenes con el British Council. En Espaa tenemosmuchos aos de experiencia con el FCE y con otros ttulos de la Universidad de Cambridge.
Proporcionamos ayuda para la preparacin del examen y un servicio profesional y eficiente
para hacer que tu experiencia en el da del examen sea lo ms agradable posible.
En qu consiste el examen?
El FCE est dividido en cinco partes:
Comprensin de textos
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Expresin escrita
Gramtica
Comprensin auditiva
Expresin oral
What's in theexam?
Paper
Content
Marks
(% of
total)
Purpose
Reading
(1 hour)
3 parts/30
questions20%
Shows you can deal confidently with different types of text, such as
fiction, newspapers and magazines.
Writing
(1 hour 20 minutes)
2 parts 20%Requires you to be able to produce two different pieces of writing,
such as letters, reports, reviews and short stories.
Use of English
(45 minutes)
4 parts/42
questions20%
Your use of English will be tested by tasks which show how well
you can control your grammar and vocabulary.
Listening
(about 40 minutes)
4 parts/30
questions20%
Requires you to be able to follow and understand a range of
spoken materials, such as news programmes, presentations and
everyday conversations.
Speaking
(14 minutes per pair
of candidates)
4 parts 20%
Tests your ability to communicate effectively in face-to-face
situations. You will take the Speaking test with one or two other
candidates
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