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Greenhouse Grow HowCreated by: Brigitte Zettl
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Introductions• Why are you here?
• What are you growing?
• When are you growing it?
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• An earlier season
• Efficient use of time
• More control
Why Start Plants in a Greenhouse?
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Let’s Start With Basics…
How Do We Enhance This Effect?
• Choice of flooring
• Choice of covering
• Positioning of the structure
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Light
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What Kind of Structure is Right for You?
www.hobby-greenhouse.com
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Something a Bit Larger Perhaps?
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Our Gutter-Connected Raised Quonsets
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State of the Art Greenhouse Technology
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Creating the Perfect Environment
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTOL
TEMPERATURE
LIGHTAIR
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Light Intensity• Different plants require various
intensities
• Too much light causes sunscald
• Too little light will stunt growth and prevent blooming
• Light levels are expressed in footcandles (fc)
>5000 = Very high
4000 – 5000 = Full Sun
1800 – 4000 = Dappled Sunlight
1000 – 1800 = Shade
<1000 = Deep Shade
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Photoperiodism
Some species are very affected by day length
• Long Day - 14-18 hours (lettuce, beets)
• Short Day – 12 hours or > (cucumbers, some tomatoes)
• Day Neutral – any hours (kale, cabbage)
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Airflow
Natural Ventilation
Forced Air Ventilation
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Ventilation
Positives
• Releases moisture in the air
• Replenishes CO2
• Reduces disease
Negatives
• Increases pest exposure
• Increases time/money spent
• Can expose plants to cold temperatures by accident
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Temperature
Goals
• 55-80 degrees F. during the growing season
• Coldest temperature during the couple hours around sunrise
• In winter 38 F. is enough for cool season crops and perennials
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Temperature
Cooling
• Ventilation
• Fogging
• Shade or Shade Cloth
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Temperature
Heating
• Insulation
• Heat Sinks
• Decomposing Materials
• Radiant Heat
• Natural Gas
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Giving Plants What They Need
CULTURE
CONTAINERS &
MEDIA
FERTILIZERIRRIGATION
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What You’re Growing In…
Soiless Mix
Considerations:
• Aggregate Size
• Microbial Content
• Nutrient Content
• pH Appropriate
• Proper Mixing Procedure
Containers
• Right Size Right Plant!
• Reuse = Sterilize!– Vinegar
– 10% Bleach
– Hydrogen Peroxide
– Ethanol
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Plant Nutrition
Macro Nutrients
• Nitrogen
• Phosphorus
• Potassium
• Calcium
• Magnesium
• Sulfur
Recommended Fertilizers:
Garden Tone / Plant Tone
Fish Fertilizer
Seaweed/Kelp
Worm Castings
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Irrigation• Automated
• Hand Watering
• Watch the edges!
• Seeds need special attention!
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Propagation
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Keeping Records
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Sexual Propagation
Choosing your seed…
• Heirloom vs. Hybrid (F1)
• Organic vs. Conventional
What Your Seed Likes…
• Cool, dry conditions when the embryo is sleeping
• Moist, warm, humid conditions once the embryo has been awakened
DO NOT LET YOUR SEED DRY OUT EVER ONCE YOU HAVE GOTTEN IT WET!!!
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Our Germination Chamber
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Asexual Propagation
Types
• Budding
• Cutting
• Division
• Grafting
• Layering
• Tissue Culture
Tool’s You May Need
• Sterilizing Solution
• A Very Sharp Knife
• Rooting Solution
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Taking Cuttings
Woody Plants
• Softwood (Spring)
• Semi-Ripe (Summer & Fall)
• Hardwood (Winter)
Herbaceous Plants
• Whole leaf (succulents)
• Part Leaf (begonia)
• Leaf-Bud
• Root/Tuber
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Benches
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Integrated Pest Management• Set Thresholds
• Monitor & Identify Pests
• Prevention
• Control
• Evaluation - Assess
• Implementation – be Proactive!
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Integrated Pest Management
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Monitoring for Greenhouse Pests
Tools You Will Need:
• Lighted Magnifier
• Sticky Traps
• A Good ID Book
• A Notebook & Pen
• The Internet
• Your Local Extension Agents Phone Number
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Common Offenders
Aphids Cabbage Loopers
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Common Offenders
Fungus Gnats Crickets
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Common Offenders
Whiteflies Thrips
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Common Offenders
Rhizoctinia Downy Mildew
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Common OffendersRoot/Crown Rot Phytopthora
Bacterial Leaf Spot (Septoria)
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Recommended ReadingI.P.M.
• What’s Wrong With My Plant? (And How Do I Fix It?); D. Deardorff & Kathryn Wadsworth
• Integrated Pest Management for Floriculture and Nurseries; UC Davis Publication 3402
Propagation
• The American Horticultural Society, Plant Propagation; A. Toogood (Editor)
• Seed to Seed; Suzanne Ashworth