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Greece After the Peloponnesian War
Interstate relations Why didn’t Athens recover?
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Lecture Outline
• Final Years of the War
• Terms of Peace• What happened
next?• Lysander• Lysander as
harmost
• The Persian World• Sparta and
Thebes• Corinthian War• Sparta’s Troubles• The Common
Peace
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The Final Years of the War
• 405 Athenian fleet is attacked by Spartans and Corinthians
• Athenians lose 180 ships, Spartans retain 200
• Athenian treasury is empty• 404 Spartan army invades Attica• Athens surrenders
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The Terms of Peace
• Walls of the Piraeus
• 12 ships
• Athens is now a junior ally of Sparta
• Thirty tyrants now rule
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What happened next?
• 30 years of supremacy
• 3000 sailors, almost 200 ships
• Fate of Athens?
• Price of Persian aid?
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Lysander
• Planned strategy of battle of 405Ambush at Aegospotami
• Can he serve the state’s best interests?
• What role can he play in Sparta?
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Lysander as harmost
• Military office – sent to Athens as overseer
• By 403 he is relieved of his duties by King Pausanias, one of the Spartan kings
• King Agis, the other Spartan king, has other problems . . . But he is pro-Lysander
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The Persian World401 – request sent to Sparta to ask for
aid to collect mercenary troops by Cyrus
400 – Tissaphernes asks for Greek citiesGreeks in Asia Minor plea with Sparta
for helpSparta prefers diplomacy394 – Conon (Persian General) defeats
Sparta
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Sparta & Thebes
• Thebes wants Sparta to destroy Athens
• Sparta has been a bit greedy with the spoils of war
• Thebans take in exiled Athenians
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Corinthian War 395-387
• Sparta’s fault
• Corinth + Athens, Argos + Boeotia
• Persian interests
• Divide and conquer
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Sparta is plagued by troubles
• Internal fighting
• War is on two fronts
• Cannot break up the coalition against them
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Common Peace = koine eirene
• Every independent state would have autonomy and freedom
• This idea never really catches on
• Major city-states have too much rivalry for this to be popular