Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 1
GrammarandBeyondWorkbook2 AnswerKey
Unit 1 Simple PresentAreYouOftenOnline?
Simple Present
1 page 22. don’t/donotlive3. live4. aren’t/arenot5. stays6. communicates7. sends
8. don’t/donotgo 9. are10. don’t/donottravel11. sees12. see13. miss
2 A pages 2–3Possible answers3. HowmanychildrendoBenandEllenhave?;Theyhave
threechildren.4. Whopracticesyoga?;Napracticesyoga.5. WhatdoesBendotwiceaweek?;Heswimstwice
aweek.6. DoesNalikerealityshows?;Yes,shedoes.
B page 3Answers will vary.
3 A page 4Possible answers3. LisaandTomoftenreadthenewsonline.4. HowoftendoLisaandTomwatchTVprogramsonline?5. Erichardlyeverpaysbillsonline.6. HowoftendoesEricreadthenewsonline?7. TatianaseldomwatchesTVprogramsonline.8. HowoftendoesTatianacomparepricesonline?
B page 5Answers will vary.
Time Clauses and Factual Conditionals
1 page 52. before3. If4. Assoonas5. when
6. After7. Before8. while
2 page 62. TedandAnawantthebestprices,theycompareprices
atdifferentsites;TedandAnacomparepricesatdifferentsites;theywantthebestprices
3. Stacydoesn’t/doesnotneedaproductquickly,shedoesn’tpayextraforfastshipping;Stacydoesn’tpayextraforfastshipping;shedoesn’tneedaproductquickly
4. Davidisn’t/isnotsureaboutaproduct,hereadsthereturnpolicyfirst;Davidreadsthereturnpolicyfirst;heisn’tsureaboutaproduct
5. Billdoesn’t/doesnothaveenoughinformation,hecallsthestore;Billcallsthestore;hedoesn’thaveenoughinformation
6. Karenusesacreditcard,shemakessurethesiteissecure;Karenmakessurethesiteissecure;sheusesacreditcard
3 page 6Answers will vary
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 7 2. b3. b4. b5. b
6. b7. a8. a
2 page 7
I’macommunitycollegestudent,butIamn’tina
classroom.Idoesn’tlivenearthecollegecampus.WhereI
dotakemyclasses?Theyareallonline,soItakeclassesat
homeonmycomputer.Assoonasoneofmyteachersposts
alessononlineIgetane-mailabouttheassignment.When
IfinishtheassignmentIsendmyhomeworktomyteacher
inane-mail.Shedon’tusuallyseeherstudents,butshe
interactswithusonline.
Idon’tsometimesunderstandanassignment,soItalkto
heronline.Wealsohaveadiscussionboardwherewepost
commentstootherstudents.Ireallydoesn’tmissgoingto
classesoncampus.Thisissomuchmorepeaceful!Iamn’t
sotiredafterclassthisway.
Self-Assessment pages 8–9
1. c2. b3. c
4. a5. b6. a
7. c8. a9. b
10. a11. c12. c
13. b14. b15. a
I’m not
don’tdo I
^,
^,
doesn’t
Sometimes, I don’t
don’t
I’m not
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 2
Unit 2 Present Progressive and Simple PresentBrainpower
Present Progressive
1 page 102. arestudying3. aresending4. isproducing5. isgrowing
6. aremaking7. areimproving8. areexercising
2 pages 10–11Possible answers2. IsYeseniaeatingbreakfast;Yes,sheis.3. IsYeseniawalkingtowork?;Yes,sheis.4. IsYeseniawatchingTVintheevenings?;No,sheisn’t.5. IsYeseniadoingcrosswordpuzzles?;Yes,sheis.6. What’s/WhatisYeseniadoingbeforebed?;She’s
brushingherteeth.
3 page 112. IamlearningPortuguese.3. GlennandBrucearewritingwiththeiroppositehands.4. Gregisdrivingonadifferentroadtowork.5. IngridandIareplayingboardgames.6. Natalyaisstudyingyogaandmeditation.7. LuisisplayingBingothesedays.8. DustinandSharonarereadingalotmore.9. Weareenjoyingournewhobbies.
4 page 12Answers will vary.
Simple Present and Present Progressive Compared
1 A page 122. islearning3. speak4. want5. talks6. uses
7. aregetting 8. sings 9. sing10. isreading11. agree
B pages 12–13Possible answers2. ShespeaksSpanishtoSofia.3. WhatdoesDiegospeaktoSofia?4. PaulaandDiegoaregettingherreadyforbed.5. WhatdoesDiegooftendo?6. SheisreadingSofiaastoryinSpanish.7. Doscientistsagreethatthesearegoodwaysforchildren
tolearntwolanguages?
2 page 132. is3. want4. islooking5. isthinking
6. knows7. wants8. believe9. love
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 132. b3. a4. a5. a
6. b7. a8. b
2 page 14
Areyoubehavedifferentlythanyounormallydo?Are
youexperiencingsuddenchangesinmoodnow?Areyou
havingtroublewithdecisions?Areyouwantingsomeone
elsetomakedecisionsforyou?Ifyouansweryestothese
questions,maybeyourmemory^gettingworse.Doctorsare
thinkingafewsimplechangesinlifestylecanhelpimprove
yourmemory.It^workingforJoeJones.Thesedays,heiseat
morefruitandvegetables.He^sleepingmorethanbefore.
Also,heisenjoinglifemore.Heoftenconnectswithfriends
onsocialnetworkingsites.Heis63yearsold,andhisbrain
andbodyareinexcellentcondition.
Self-Assessment pages 14–15
1. c2. b3. c
4. a5. b6. b
7. c8. a9. c
10. a11. c12. b
13. a14. c15. c
Unit 3 ImperativesWhat’sAppropriate?
Imperatives
1 page 163. Dress4. Don’t/Donotforget5. Be6. Listen
7. Don’t/Donotchew 8. Ask 9. Thank10. Send
behaving
Do you want
is
think
is eating
is
enjoying
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 3
2 page 17 2. Beforeyourchildusesthesite,talkaboutcyberbullying
withhimorher. 3. Whenyourchildpostsaphoto,checkthatitdoesn’t
showpersonalinformation. 4. Ifyouareworriedaboutyourchild’ssafety,buyanapp
thatmonitorshimorher. 5. Whenyourchildreadsgossip,explainthatgossipcan
hurtpeople. 6. Ifyouseesomethinginappropriateonyourchild’s
page,talktoyourchildaboutit.
3 page 17Answers will vary.
Let’s . . .
1 page 182. let’snotarrive3. Let’swrap4. Let’suse
5. Let’snotforget6. Let’seat
2 page 18 2. Let’sfindasiteforourblog. 3. Let’sreadtheblogsite’sguidelines. 4. Let’swriteanentryeveryweek. 5. Let’staketurnsrespondingtocomments. 6. Let’snotmakegrammarorspellingmistakes. 7. Let’scheckcommentsforinappropriatelanguage. 8. Let’snotgivepersonalinformation. 9. Let’smakeasurveyfortheblog.10. Let’snotwriteentriesthataretoolong.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 192. b3. c4. a5. b
6. c7. a8. b
2 page 19
Americancollegestudentsoftenbehaveveryinformally.
However,donotthinkthattherearenorulesincollege
classrooms.Letsrememberthesesuggestionsforapositive
experienceinyourclasses.Dontcomelatetoclass.Ifyou
can’tgettoclassontime,changetoadifferentclasstime.
Also,donotleavetheclassroombeforeclassisover.Ifyou
havetoleave,tellyourteacherbeforehand.Notalkwhile
theprofessoristalking.Yourclassmateswanttohear
thelectureandtheinstructionsforanyassignments.No
answeryourcellphoneinclass.Remembertoputyourcell
phoneonvibrate.Someprofessorsallowdrinksinclass,
butdonoteatintheclassroom.Finally,ifyouarenotsureif
abehaviorisappropriatefortheclassroom,dontdoit.Ask
theprofessorbeforeorafterclassifitisOK.
Self-Assessment pages 20–21
1. b2. c3. c
4. a5. c6. b
7. a8. c9. b
10. b11. a12. a
13. c14. a15. b
Unit 4 Simple PastEntrepreneurs
Simple Past
1 page 22Regular Verbs2. design;designed3. employ;employed4. move;moved5. start;started
6. study;studied7. try;tried8. work;worked
Irregular Verbs2. begin;began3. find;found4. get;got5. go;went
6. leave;left7. meet;met8. teach;taught
2 page 222. attended3. graduated4. did;study5. majored
6. changed7. didn’t/didnotlike8. wanted
3 page 233. Howoldwerethey?;Theywere12and15yearsold.4. Wheredidtheylive?;TheylivedinDenver,Colorado.5. DidEliseandEvanselltofamilyandfriends?;Yes,they
did.6. DidElisedesignthecompanywebsite?;No,shedidn’t.
Simple Past of Be and There Was / There Were
1 page 242. were3. was4. wasn’t5. was6. wasn’t
7. was 8. was 9. weren’t10. was
do not
Let’s
Don’t
do not
Don’t
Don’t
do not
don’t
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 4
2 A pages 24–252. therewere3. therewas4. therewas5. therewere6. thereweren’t
7. Therewere8. therewasn’t9. therewas
B page 252. Wasthere;Yes,therewas.3. Werethere;No,thereweren’t.4. Werethere;Yes,therewere.5. Wasthere;Yestherewas.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 25–262. b3. b4. c5. a
6. c7. a8. b
2 page 26
TelevisionpersonalityRachaelRaygrowuparound
food.HerfamilyownedseveralrestaurantsinCapeCod,
Massachusetts,andlaterhermotherworksasafood
supervisorforsomerestaurantsinupstateNewYork.
Rachaelalsohadseveraljobsinthefoodindustry.Onejob
wasinagourmetgrocerystoreinAlbany,NewYork.She
noticedthatpeopledidn’tboughtmanygroceriesbecause
theydidn’twantedtocook.Theywereworkingpeople,and
thereweren’tenoughtimeintheirbusydayforcooking.
Rachaelstartedcookingclasses.Intheseclasses,Rachael
cookedmealsinthirtyminutes.Theclasseswerevery
popular.^Shewrotein1999herfirstcookbook^.There
wasmanymorecookbooksafterthat.Thecookbookswere
popularbecausetherecipeswerequickandeasytomake.
Shein2001appearedonNBC’sToday Show^.Thepresident
oftheFoodNetworkseesRachaelandgaveherashowon
thenetwork.Shebecameabigstar.
Self-Assessment pages 26–27
1. b2. a3. b
4. c5. c6. b
7. c8. a9. b
10. a11. c12. c
13. a14. b15. b
Unit 5 Simple Past, Time Clauses, Used To, and WouldScienceandSociety
Time Clauses and the Order of Past Events
1 page 282. shethoughtofideas,shewrotethemdown3. shetalkedtoherfriends,shewroteaboutheridea4. shedescribedherideatofriends,shegotfeedbackfrom
them5. Shethoughtofanameforherinvention;shewrotethe
instructionsformakingit6. ShesearchedforsimilarideasontheInternet;she
realizedthatherideawasunique
2 page 292. UntiltheIndustrialRevolution,mostpeoplelivedon
farms.3. Beforenewmachinesmadeclothinginfactories,people
madetheirownclothing.4. Afterpeopleinventedthesemachines,workersmade
productsfasterthanbefore.5. Assoonasthefactoriesproducedthesamegoods,
peopledidn’tmaketheirownthings.6. Assoonasentrepreneursbuiltmorefactories,they
neededmoreworkers.7. Whenpeoplemovedtothecities,thecitiesgrew
quickly.
3 A page 301;4;2;3;5
B page 30Answers will vary.
Past with Used To and Would
1 page 302. usedtolove3. usedtolive4. usedtobe5. would;wait
6. usedtobe7. usedtoknow8. usedtohave
2 page 312. took/usedtotake;didn’t/didnottakeordidn’t/didnot
usedtotake3. waited/usedtowait/wouldwait;didn’t/didnotsee4. slept/usedtosleep/wouldsleep;loved
3 page 31Answers will vary.
grew
worked
buy
want
wasn’t
In 1999, she or in 1999
were
In 2001, she or in 2001
saw
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 5
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 322. b3. c4. a5. a
6. a7. c8. a
2 page 32
HowdidpeopleusedtolivebeforeThomasEdison
inventedtheincandescentelectriclightbulb?Forone
thing,itwasn’tverysafetotravelafterdark.Whenitgot
dark,businessesusetoclose.Peoplewouldusecandles
when^neededlightathome.However,candlesburned
quickly,sopeopleusedthemcarefully.Asaresult,people
didn’tusedtostayuplate.Theywenttobedsoonafter
sundown.Beforethelightbulbbecamepopular,peopleuse
tosleep9to10hoursanight.After^becamemoreavailable,
peopleonlygotaround6hoursofsleep.Anotherchange
isthatbeforeelectriclights,peopledidn’tusedtopay
electricbills.Nowtheydo.Overall,electriclightsareavery
welcomeandusefulinvention.
Self-Assessment pages 32–33
1. c2. b3. c
4. a5. c6. b
7. c8. a9. b
10. b11. a12. c
13. a14. b15. b
Unit 6 Past ProgressiveMemorableEvents
Past Progressive
1 page 342. weregathering3. wasforming4. werehoping5. weremeeting
6. wereexpecting7. werecheering8. wasgiving
2 page 35 3. Whatwereyoudoing 4. Iwasn’t/wasnotfeeling 5. Mymomwasn’t/wasnotworking 6. Mydadwasdriving 7. Wasitsnowing 8. Thesnowwasn’t/wasnotcoming 9. thewindwasblowing10. Shewaswatching11. shewasthinking12. peopleweregiving
3 page 36 2. At;wasflowing 3. At;werereporting 4. On;wascoming 5. In;werewandering;(were)looking 6. On;wasfalling
3 page 36Answers will vary.
Using When and While with Past Progressive
1 page 372. werewaiting3. saw4. had5. gave6. was7. were;practicing
8. sat 9. were10. began11. wasrunning12. jumped13. spilled
2 pages 37–38 2. Peoplewerecallingforhelpontheircellphoneswhen
twopoliceofficersarrivedwithflashlights.3. Onepoliceofficerledpeopletoastairwaywhilethe
otherofficerwastryingtocalmpeopledown.4. Whilepeoplewerewalkingtothestairway,theyhelped
eachother.5. Outsidepeopleweretalkingandcallingfriendson
theircellphoneswhenarestaurantworkercameandbroughtthemcoldbottlesofwater.
3 pages 38–392. Whatwereyouthinkingaboutwhenyoucameto
America?3. Wherewereyougoingwhenyousawthemoviestar?4. Whowereyouvisitingwhentheblizzardstarted?5. WhatdidshehearwhileshewaswatchingTV?6. Washetextingwhilethepresidentspoke/was
speaking?
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 392. a3. b4. c5. a
6. b7. b8. c
2 page 40
OnJuly21,2011,DuaneandEmmaWilsonwassitting
infrontofthetelevisionintheirhomeinDallas,Texas.
Whattheywerewatching?ThespaceshuttleAtlantis
werecomingbacktoEarthafter12daysinspace.While
theWilsonswatchedTV,AtlantiswaslandinginFlorida.
OtherpeoplewaswatchingfromthegroundinFlorida.
use to
used
they
use
used
it
use
were
were they
was
were watching landed
were
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 6
Whyweresomanypeoplewatching?Atlantiswasthelast
U.S.spaceshuttle.Whentheshuttlelandedpeople
weretalkingabouttheendofthespaceflightprogram.
Peoplewascelebratingtheshuttle’sreturn,buttheywere
alsosad.Thiswasn’ttheendofspaceexploration,though.
NASAwasalreadymakingplanstotraveltoMars.When
Atlantislanded.
Self-Assessment pages 40–41
1. b2. c3. c
4. b5. a6. c
7. a8. b9. b
10. b11. a12. a
13. b14. b15. a
Unit 7 Count and Noncount NounsPrivacyMatters
Count Nouns and Noncount Nouns
1 page 42
Noncount nouns: 2. garbage3. help4. information5. privacy
6. respect7. software8. trust9. work
Count nouns and their plural forms: 2. bill;bills3. card;cards4. computer;computers
5. number;numbers6. page;pages7. site;sites
2 page 432. messages3. asuggestion4. Myson5. acomputer
6. websites7. privacy8. Myadvice
3 page 432. anaccount;C3. questions;C4. acreditcard;C5. abigmistake;C
6. furniture;NC7. security;NC8. safety;NC
Noncount Nouns: Determiners and Measurement Words
1 page 442. any3. alotof4. Many5. enough6. any7. apieceof8. alotof
9. many10. pieceof11. some12. agood13. some14. your
2 page 45List A2. cupsof;packetsof3. piecesof4. abowlofList B1. abagof2. agallonof3. barsof4. apoundof
5. loavesof6. cansof7. aboxof8. atubeof
3 page 46Possible answers2. Idon’tspendmuchtimeontheInternetatwork/school.
orIspendalotoftimeontheInternetatwork/school.3. Ispendtoomuchtimeonsocialnetworkingsites.orI
spendalittletimeonsocialnetworkingsites.4. Myboss/collegehassomecontrolovermyInternetuse.
orMyboss/collegehasalotofcontrolovermyInternetuse.
5. Ithinkpeopleshouldmakeafewpersonalphonecallsatwork.orIthinkpeopleshouldnotmakemanypersonalphonecallsatwork.orIdon’tthinkpeopleshouldmakemanypersonalphonecallsatwork.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 46–472. a3. c4. c5. b
6. b7. a8. c
2 page 47
In1974,^U.S.governmentpassedtheFamily
EducationalRightsandPrivacyAct(FERPA).Thisis^law
thatprotectstheprivaciesofstudents.Thelawexplains
whatdetailsschoolscangiveaboutstudents.TheFERPA
lawsaysthattherearetwokindsofaninformationabout
^,
talked
were
Mars when
the
a
privacy
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 7
students–“directoryinformation”and“non-directory
information.”“Directoryinformation”includesfactssuch
asyourname,youraddress,yourphonenumber,andyour
major.Schoolscansharethesethingsabout^student
withoutapermission.Asaresult,peoplecanlearnmuch
informationaboutyou.Somestudentsworrythatthis
couldthreatentheirsecurities.Ifyoudon’twantyour
schooltogive“directory”detailsaboutyou,youcanaskthe
schoolnottosharemanyknowledgetheyhaveaboutyou.
“Non-directoryinformation”includesthingssuchasyour
socialsecuritynumber,yourstudentidentificationnumber,
yourgrades,anddetailsaboutyourschedule.Schoolscan’t
givethisinformationwithoutpermission.
Self-Assessment pages 48 –49
1. c2. c3. a
4. c5. b6. c
7. c8. a9. b
10. a11. c12. b
13. c14. b15. b
Unit 8 ArticlesTheMedia
Articles
1 page 502. the3. a4. the5. the6. A
7. the 8. the 9. the10. the11. the
2 pages 50–512. A;a3. Ø;a4. the5. Ø;a6. Ø
7. Ø 8. the 9. a10. an;The
3 page 512. Anyonecansendthepresidentane-mailfromthissite.3. Thepubliccanalsosignupfortours.4. Everyday,thepresscomestothesitetolistento
statementsaboutcurrentevents.orThepresscomestothesitetolistentostatementsaboutcurrenteventseveryday.
5. Weather.govprovidesinformationabouttheweatheranywhereinthecountry.
6. Itprovidesinformationtothemedia.7. Nasa.govhasinformationaboutspaceexplorationnow
andinthepast.
8. Atnasa.gov,youcanseepicturesofthemoon,thesun,andtheuniverse.orYoucanseepicturesofthemoon,thesun,andtheuniverseatnasa.gov.
9. Nasa.govshowsimagesofplacesaroundtheworld.
Generalizing: More About Articles
1 page 523. Anewsblogcommentsonthenewsoftheday.4. AtweetisapostonTwitter.5. Podcastsareaconvenientwaytohearnewsstories.6. Mediaappsareappsthatgiveyouthenewsonyour
electronicdevices.7. Apersondownloadsapodcastonadigitalplayeror(a)
computer.8. Aneducationalblogisablogthatateacheruses.
2 page 532. Ø3. a4. Ø5. A6. a
7. a 8. A;Ø; Ø 9. Ø10. Ø/The
3 page 53Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 53–54
2. a3. b4. b5. c
6. a7. c8. b
2 page 54
Thesedays,thepeoplearegettingthenewsinnewways.
Alotofpeoplereadblogs,butnowtheycanalsolisten
tothenewsorwatchitontheirdigitaldevices.Theycan
alsosubscribetogetpodcasts.Podcastisasoundfile.
Theusersdownloadpodcastsfromwebsiteson^Internet.
Whenyougotoawebsite,yousometimessee^download
button.Ifyouclickon^downloadbutton,youcan
downloadthepodcast.Thenyoucanlistento^podcaston
acomputerorotherdigitaldevices.Podcastsareoftenfree.
Thenthewebsiteautomaticallydownloads^podcasttoa
program,suchasiTunes.Podcastsgivetheinformationon
manydifferenttopics,includingsports,^environment,the
entertainment,politics,andthehealth.
a
a lot of
security
a lot of
people
A podcast
Users the
a
the
the
the
the
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 8
Self-Assessment pages 54–55
1. b2. c3. a
4. c5. a6. b
7. c8. b9. a
10. b11. c12. a
13. b14. b15. c
Unit 9 Pronouns; Direct and Indirect ObjectsChallengingOurselves
Pronouns
1 page 56
Subject Pronoun
Object Pronoun
Possessive Determiner
Possessive Pronoun
Reflexive Pronoun
I me my mine myself
you you your yours yourself
he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its itself
we us our ours ourselves
they them their theirs themselves
2 pages 56–572. he3. It4. his5. him6. them7. They8. it
9. themselves10. she11. her12. herself13. I14. myself15. her
3 page 572. hers3. themselves4. herself5. mine
6. His7. ourselves8. eachother
4 page 582. ones3. oneorones;ones4. one5. one
5 page 582. myself;herself;ourselves3. eachother4. yourself5. eachother6. eachother;themselves7. eachother8. eachother9. herself
Direct and Indirect Objects
1 page 592. Thecoachtoldtheteam thegoodnews.3. Theschoolgavetheteam achecktobuynew
equipment.4. Theteamshowed theirnewequipmenttothecrowdat
thenextgame.5. Theparentsgave apartyfortheteam.
2 page 59
3. X4. X5. for6. X7. X
8. to 9. X10. to11. X
3 pages 59–60Possible answers2. Dianasentinvitationstoagoing-awaypartytoallher
friends.;Dianasenttheminvitationstoagoing-awayparty.
3. Jeffpaidrenttohis/thelandlord.;Jeffpaidhim/herrent.
4. DianagavetextbookstoPaul.;Dianagavehimtextbooks.
5. JeffsoldacartoIvan.;Jeffsoldhimacar.6. DianagaveclothestoTina.;Dianagaveherclothes.7. Jeffsentane-mailwithhisnewaddresstohisfriends.;
Jeffsentthemane-mailwithhisnewaddress.8. JeffofferedavideogameconsoletoBen.;Jeffoffered
himavideogameconsole.
4 page 60Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 61
2. a3. a4. c5. b
6. b7. b8. b
2 page 61
Sixyearsago,MartaOrtizmovedfromGuatemalatothe
UnitedStateswithherchildren.Herandherchildrendid
notspeakverymuchEnglish,solifewashardatfirst.Soon
thechildrenstartedschool,andthemmadefriends.When
theydidnotknowaword,theirfriendstaught
themit.Theylearnedquickly.Atwork,Marta’sco-workers
spokeSpanish,soitwasachallengetolearnEnglish.When
herchildrenbroughthomealetterfromschool,theywould
She
they
them the word
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 9
readherit.SometimesMartaneededtomakeaphonecall
inEnglish.Hersondidittoshe.Thechildrenwantedto
helpshe.Theymadeforthemselvesdinnersothattheir
mothercouldtakeanEnglishclassintheevenings.Marta
likedherclassmates.ShelikedtospeakEnglish,andshe
startedtolearn.NowMartaistakinganadvancedEnglish
class.Herteachergivestohergoodgrades.Hegivesadvice
forheraboutcolleges.Herdaughterandsonarevery
proud.SoonherEnglishwillbeasgoodastheirs.
Self-Assessment pages 62–63
1. b2. c3. c
4. b5. a6. b
7. c8. b9. b
10. a11. c12. c
13. a14. b15. c
Unit 10 Present PerfectDiscoveries
Present Perfect
1 page 642. haveasked3. havebuilt3. havecollected5. hassent6. havelearned7. havefound
8. hassent 9. havestudied10. havedecided11. havestarted12. haveidentified
2 A page 652. hastaught3. hasdecided4. haslooked5. hasworked6. hassent
7. has;traveled 8. hasdiscovered 9. hasshown10. haspublished
B page 652. Whyhashedecidednottoretireforseveralyears?3. Whohasheworkedfor?4. HowoftenhastheU.S.CoastGuardsentProfessor
MarkstotheSouthPole?5. Whathashediscovered(intheicecoresamples
fromGreenland)?6. WherehasProfessorMarkspublishedarticles?
Present Perfect or Simple Past?
1 page 662. havestudied3. hasbeen4. discovered5. spent
6. realized7. continued8. found9. Have;heard
2 pages 66–672. havelooked3. havefound4. started5. havebeen6. appeared7. used
8. loved 9. was10. did11. havebecome12. Have;seen
3 page 67Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 67–682. b3. a4. a5. b
6. a7. b8. c
2 page 68
Scientistsstudiedthenightskyforcenturies.
Astronomershavespendedcountlesshoursstudyingthe
skyfornewobjects.Whenastronomershavediscovered
newobjects,though,theyhavenotalwaysagreedwhat
theseobjectsare.
AnexampleofthisisthediscoveryofPluto.Intheearly
twentiethcentury,astronomershavestartedtosuspect
thattherewasaplanetbeyondUranus.Then,in1930,they
havediscoveredPluto,anditbecametheninthplanet.
Howeverin2008,astronomershaveannouncedthat
Plutowasnolongeraplanet.Whytheyhavedonethis?
Plutoissmallerthananyoftheotherplanets.Therefore,
astronomerscreatedanewcategory:“DwarfPlanets.”They
arelookingformoredwarfplanetsandhavesawseveral.So
far,theyfoundnine.
Self-Assessment pages 68–69
1. c2. c3. b
4. a5. c6. b
7. a8. c9. b
10. a11. c12. b
13. c14. a15. c
her the letter
herfor
her
to
have studied
spent
started
discovered
announced
have they
have created
seen
have found
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 10
Unit 11 Adverbs with Present Perfect; For and SinceUnsolvedMysteries
Adverbs with Present Perfect
1 pages 70–71 2. haveneverheard 3. stillhavenotfound 4. havealreadydone 5. havenotproven;yet 6. haverecentlybeen 7. have;beenstudyinglately 8. Have;recentlydiscovered 9. havealreadydetermined10. Have;everlearned11. haven’t/havenoteverfigured12. Has;everbecome13. hasrecentlybecome14. hasjustopened
2 page 71 2. However,theyhaverecentlylearnedhowtodestroythe
virusinalab. 3. Theyhavealreadydiscoveredsomeremediesforthe
commoncold. 4. Researchhasjustshownthattakingthemineralzinc
canhelppreventcolds. 5. Myfriendhasrecentlytoldmethateatingchicken
souphelps.
3 A page 72 2. Joehasnotgottendrivingdirectionstotheareayet. 3. Suehasalreadyplacedthelaptopsinthetruck. 4. Suehasn’t/hasnotfilledthegastankofthetruck
withgasyet. 5. Bobhasalreadypreparedfood. 6. SueandBobhavenotcheckedtheequipmentyet.
B pages 72–73 2. HasSueputthevideocamerasinthetruckyet?;
No,shehasn’t. 3. HaveBobandJoealreadyorganizedthetruck?;
Yes,theyhave. 4. HasBobreplacedthebatteriesinflashlightsyet?;
Yes,hehas. 5. HaveSueandJoealreadypackedtheircellphones?;
No,theyhaven’t. 6. HasBobalreadyboughtafirst-aidkit?;Yes,hehas.
4 page 73Answers will vary.
Present Perfect with For and Since
1 page 742. since3. since4. for5. for6. since7. since8. for
9. since10. since11. for12. since13. since14. for
2 A page 742. since3. since4. since
5. for6. for
B pages 74–752. HowlonghasAlexbeenmarried?;He’s/Hehasbeen
marriedforeightyears.3. HowlonghaveAlexandhiswifelivedintheirhouse?;
They’ve/Theyhavelivedthereforfiveyears.4. HowlonghaveAlexandhiswifeplayedmusictogether?;
They’ve/Theyhaveplayedmusictogethersince2009.
3 page 75Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 75–762. a3. b4. a5. a
6. c 7. c 8. b
2 page 76
Imaginethatjustyouhave^walkedintoabuildingfor
thefirsttime.Youhaveeverbeentherebefore.Suddenly,
everythingfeelsfamiliar.Youfeellikeyouhave^been
alreadytothisplace.Wecallthisfeelingdéjà vu,anditis
quitecommon.DéjàvuisaFrenchexpression.Itmeans
thatyouhavealreadyseensomething,andpeopleuseit
totalkaboutexperiencestheyfeeltheyhavealreadyhad.
Seventypercentofthepeopleinsurveyssay,“Yes,Ihave
experienceditbefore.”Somepeopleexperiencedéjàvu
sincetheywereteenagers.Authorshavewrittenaboutthis
feelinginbookssincehundredsofyears,butscientists
havenotneverexplainedit.Researcherstrytostudythis
feelingforalongtime,buttheyhaveevermadeithappen
inalaboratory.Asaresult,theyyethavenotbeenableto
understandthedéjàvuexperience^.
just
never
already
have experienced
for
ever have tried
never
yet
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 11
Self-Assessment pages 76–77
1. c2. c3. a
4. c5. b6. c
7. a8. b9. c
10. a11. a12. c
13. b14. c15. b
Unit 12 Present Perfect ProgressiveCities
Present Perfect Progressive
1 page 782. hasbeenincreasing3. havebeencreating4. havebeenusing5. havebeenplacing6. havebeentaking7. havebeensending8. haven’t/havenotbeendriving
2 pages 78–79 2. has;beendeveloping;hasbeendeveloping3. have;beencoming;havebeencoming4. has;beenadvertising;hasbeenadvertising5. have;beenstaying;havebeenstaying
3 page 79Answers will vary.
Present Perfect Progressive or Present Perfect?
1 A pages 79–802. havebeenriding/haveridden3. hasbeenbuilding4. hasnotcompleted5. haveunderstood6. haveused/havebeenusing7. hashired8. hasbeen
B page 802. HavepeopleinAmsterdambeendrivingcarstoreduce
pollution?orHavepeopleinAmsterdamdrivencarstoreducepollution?;No,theyhaven’t.
3. HasNewYorkCitycompletedanewsubwayline?;No,ithasn’t.
4. HavepeopleinCuritibausedtheirpublicbussystem?orHavepeopleinCuritibabeenusingtheirpublicbussystem?;Yes,theyhave.
5. HasCuritibahiredashepherdandhissheep?;Yes,ithas.
6. HasVancouverbeenaleaderintheuseofhydroelectricpower?;Yes,ithas.
2 page 812. hasbeenbuilding3. havemovedinto
4. hasbeenadding5. hasdecided
3 page 81Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 822. a3. a4. c5. a
6. a7. a8. b
2 page 82
KevinBanksishelpinghomelesspeopleinhiscityfor
alongtime.Hehasbeenbeingavolunteeratthelocal
homelessshelterfor15years.Heisservingmealsthere
sincehewasateenager.Thenumberofhomelesspeople^
recentlybeenincreasing.Morepeoplearelosingjobssince
lastyear.Thetrendisdisturbing.Foralongtime,Kevin
hasbeenbelievingthatthecity^notbeendoingenough
tosolvetheproblem.Nowthecityhavebeenstarting
newprojectstodomore.Cityworkershasbeenbuilding
permanenthousingforthehomeless.Thecityhasfinished
morethan300newapartmentsforthehomeless.
Self-Assessment pages 82–83
1. a2. b3. c
4. b5. c6. a
7. c8. a9. a
10. b11. c12. b
13. c14. a15. b
Unit 13 AdjectivesAGoodWorkplace
Adjectives
1 page 842. Theyoftenhavepart-timejobs.3. Theyearnlowwages.4. Theydon’tworklonghours.5. Theirworkschedulesareshort.6. Theirjobtrainingisusuallysimple.7. Theirjobsareusuallynotstressful.8. Theirworkplaceisusuallysafe.
has been
been
has been
has
have been
has believed has
has
have
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 12
2 pages 84–852. asafecomputercompany3. comfortableoffices4. dangerousequipment5. a35-hourworkweek6. overtimepay7. freetraining8. satisfiedemployees
3 page 852. business;clothes3. running;shoes4. work;uniform
5. training;classes6. career;goals
4 page 862. newglass3. nicelarge4. beautifulblueChicago5. roundblackwooden6. superblackleather7. freefive-hourtraining
5 page 86Answers will vary.
More About Adjectives
1 page 872. surprising3. challenging4. boring5. bored
6. depressed7. confused8. frustrating9. interested
2 page 872. butmybosstellsreallyfunnyones3. oratacasualone4. butherroommatehasfriendlyones5. eventhoughtheolderoneismorequalified6. She’slookingatsomenoise-cancelingones7. thewoodonebetter
3 page 882. ones3. happy4. somethingdelicious5. anythingnegative
6. proud7. one8. Answers will vary.
4 page 89Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 892. c3. a4. a5. c
6. b7. c8. c
2 page 90
Ifyouareinterestinfindingagreatcompanytowork
for,Excel in Your Jobmagazinecanbeagoodsourceof
information.Everyyear,themagazinemakesalistofthe
bestcompaniestoworkfor.Whatmakesthesecompanies
sosuccessfull?Howdotheycreateaworkplacegood
environment?Somecompaniesletemployeeswork
four-daysweekssotheycanhavelongerweekendswith
theirfamilies.Companiesonthelistsometimesoffer
financialexcellentbenefits,suchashighsalaries,bonus
pay,andretirementplans.Also,employeesofthese
companiesarenotworryaboutlosingtheirjobs.They
believetheirbossesarefairandtheirrightsareprotected.
Itisnotunusualtofindanemployeewhohasa30-years
careerwithoneofthesecompanies.Thelistincludessmall
companiesaswellasgiantcorporations.Nomatterwhat
sizeorlocationyouareinterestin,thelistcanbehelpfull.
Self-Assessment pages 90–91
1. c2. a3. b
4. c5. a6. b
7. c8. a9. b
10. c11. b12. c
13. b14. a15. a
Unit 14 Adverbs of Manner and DegreeLearnQuickly!
Adverbs of Manner
1 page 92 2. fast 3. alone 4. well 5. quickly 6. wrong 7. carefully 8. nervously 9. right10. suddenly
11. high12. easily13. politely14. early15. terribly16. hard17. low18. usually
2 pages 92–932. late3. properly4. carefully5. quickly6. differently
7. deeply 8. slowly 9. efficiently10. well
interested
successful good workplace
four-day
excellent financial
worried
30-year
interested helpful
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 13
3 page 932. carefully;careful3. neat;neatly4. good;well5. calm;calmly
6. clear;clearly7. well;good8. quiet;quietly
4 page 94Answers will vary.
Adverbs of Degree
1 page 942. ShewasseriouslyworriedaboutfailingEnglish.4. Shewasdangerouslyclosetodroppingthecourse.5. TheteachersattheWritingCenterhavebeenamazingly
helpful.6. Theyarewonderfullysupportive.7. Herprogresswasgoodenoughtopassthetest.8. Sheisincrediblyproudofherself.
2 page 952. tooquickly3. goodenough4. tooshort
5. toolate6. longenough7. hardenough
3 page 952. Theprofessorisreally/sointelligent.3. Marc’sstudygroupisprettyserious.4. Marchasbeendoingprettywellintheclass.5. Heisprettyproudofhiswriting.6. Marciskindof/sortofsurprisedthathelikesworld
history.7. Heiskindof/sortofseriousabouthishistorystudies.8. Marc’sgradesarereally/sogoodinbothworldhistory
andEnglish.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 962. c3. b4. a5. c
6. b7. c8. c
2 page 96
Acomfortableclassroomenvironmentisimportantfor
studentstolearnalanguagegood.Whenstudentsdon’t
feelsomewhatcomfortable,theycan’tlearneffective.Good
teachersdon’tmakestudentsfeelembarrassedwhenthey
answerincorrect.Studentsalsofeelmorecomfortable
whenteachersdon’tspeaktoofastly.Teachersshouldtreat
fairlyallstudentsandmakesurethatthecommunication
intheclassroomisrespectful.Inagoodclassroom,
studentstreatrespectfullytheirclassmatesevenwhen
theyseriousdisagree.Inaneffectiveclassroom,boththe
teacherandthestudentswanteachothertodogood.
Self-Assessment pages 96–97
1. c2. b3. c
4. b5. b6. a
7. c8. b9. a
10. b11. c12. a
13. b14. c15. a
Unit 15 PrepositionsFoodontheTable
Prepositions of Place and Time
1 page 982. at3. on4. in/near5. In6. in
7. for 8. During/In 9. near10. during/on11. in
2 pages 98–992. under3. in4. For5. in6. at
7. After 8. on 9. during10. Since11. under
3 pages 99–1002. intherefrigerator3. onthetable4. atFoodPlace5. behindthetruck6. intheafternoon7. ontheshelf8. inabox9. nexttothetomatoes
4 page 100Answers will vary.
Prepositions of Direction and Manner
1 page 1012. to3. across4. with
5. for6. around7. of
2 page 1012. from3. across4. to5. of
6. for7. to8. from
well
very/extremely/quite effectively
incorrectly
fast
all students fairly
their classmates respectfully
seriously
well
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 14
Phrasal Prepositions and Prepositions After Adjectives
1 A page1022. to3. of4. as5. to6. to
7. of 8. of 9. as10. of
B page 1022. suchas3. closeto4. infrontof5. upto
6. Insteadof7. outsideof8. nextto
2 A page 1032. for3. of4. about
5. with6. from7. to
B page 103Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 103–1042. c3. c4. a5. c
6. b7. b8. a
2 page 104
AuthorMichaelPollanhaswrittenaboutlocalfood
duringmanyyears.HelivesatCaliforniaattheUnited
States.Hegrowshisvegetablesinhisgarden.Hebelieves
thatAmericansdonoteatenoughfruitandvegetables.He
alsobelievessomehealthproblemsareduefrombadfood
choices.Hesaysthatwehavebeeneatingbadfoodsince
toolong.However,manyAmericanssaythattheyaretoo
busytospendmuchtimethinkingabouttheirfoodchoices.
Theyworklonghours.SometimestheyworkatSaturdays
andSundaysoronholidays.Theydonothavetimetocook
alloftheirmeals.Theydonothavetimetogotofarmers’
marketsinSaturdays.Theyeatquickandeasyfoodthatis
notgoodwiththem.MichaelPollanwritesaboutfoodto
getpeopleexcitedinhealthierwaystoeat.
Self-Assessment pages 104–105
1. a2. a3. c
4. c5. b6. c
7. a8. b9. b
10. c11. a12. c
13. b14. a15. c
Unit 16 Future (1)LifeLists
Be Going To, Present Progressive, and Simple Present for Future Events
1 page 106 2. are;goingtodo 3. ’re/aregoingtocreate 4. are;goingtomake 5. are;goingtoput 6. ’re/aregoingtolist 7. are;goingtoget 8. aregoingtosubmit 9. ’m/amgoingtomeet10. aregoingtofind11. Are;goingtoshow12. ’m/amnotgoingtoshow
2 page 107 2. Are;going 3. leave 4. Are;goingtovisit 5. are;goingtodo 6. ’m/amspending 7. arehaving 8. ’m/amgoingtorest 9. are;doing10. ’m/am;working
3 page 107 2. arrives/isarriving/isgoingtoarrive 3. isgoingtobe 4. aregoingtolearn 5. isgiving/isgoingtogive 6. begins 7. aregoingtosell 8. aregoing/aregoingtogo 9. leaves/isleaving/isgoingtoleave
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1082. a3. a4. b5. c
6. a7. a8. c
2 page 108
ResearchersatJamesUniversityisgoingtostudyhow
studentsorganizetheirtimenextweekoncampus.They^
goingtointerviewstudentsaboutthewaysthattheykeep
organized.Onequestionintheinterviewaregoingtobe,
“Whatyouaregoingtodothisweek?”Anotherquestionis,
“Howyouaregoingtoplanyourdaytoday?”Theinterviews
for in in
to
for
on
on
about
are
are
is
are you
are you
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 15
^goingtobeinBuildingB.Ifyouareinterested,please
signupattheStudentServicesCenter.Studentsisgoingto
receivepaymentfortheirtime.Theresearchers^notgoing
totellthestudentsthegoaloftheresearch.Theyisgoingto
sharetheirresultsinareport.
Self-Assessment pages 108–109
1. b2. b3. a
4. b5. c6. a
7. c8. b9. b
10. c11. a12. b
13. a14. c15. b
Unit 17 Future (2)GettingOlder
Future with Will
1 A page 110 2. willdefinitelynotdisappoint 3. willcertainlynotbe 4. willtake 5. willbegin 6. willland 7. willtravel 8. willfly 9. willprobablynotmeet10. willpossiblysee11. willreturn
B page 111Possible answers 3. Wherewillthetourgo? 4. WhenwilltheylandatDarwinInternationalAirport? 5. Howwilltheytravel? 6. Whatwillthey(probably)seeinthepark? 7. Wherewillthetourgonext? 8. WhenwilltheyreturntotheUnitedStates?
2 page 111Answers will vary.
Future with Will, Be Going To, and Present Progressive
1 page 112Answers may vary. 2. foranintention 3. foraprediction,expectation,orguess 4. foraprediction,expectation,orguess 5. forsomethingcertainbecauseofevidence 6. forsomethingcertainbecauseofevidence 8. foraprediction,expectation,orguess
2 pages 112–113 2. willbeorisgoingtobe 3. I’ll 4. aretheygoingtoaffect 5. I’mgoingtoorI’ll 6. they’llorthey’regoingto 7. won’thave 8. I’mgoingtoorI’ll 9. They’regoingtoneedorThey’llneed10. amgoingtomeetorammeeting
3 A page 113
Degree of Certainty
➝Less certain ➝In the middle➝ More certain➝
possiblymaybeperhaps
likelyprobably
undoubtedlycertainlydefinitely
B page 114 2. Accordingtopredictions,25millionU.S.BabyBoomers
willlikely/probablyretireby2020. 3. WhentheBoomersretire,companiescertainly/
definitely/undoubtedlywon’thaveenoughworkers. 4. Maybe/Perhapsyoungerworkerswillmakemore
moneybecausecompaniesneedthemmore. 5. Somemedicalcompaniesarelikely/probablygoingto
getrichbecauseBoomerswillneedmedicalcare. 6. Forexample,Boomersarecertainly/definitely/
undoubtedlygoingtoneedproductstofixtheiroldkneesorhips.
7. Acompanythatmakesthoseproductswilllikely/probablydowell.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 114–1152. a3. c4. b5. a
6. a7. b8. b
2 page 115
Welcometoeldersrus.cambridge.org.Thissitewillto
helpyouenjoyyourlateryears.Inthefuture,theworld’s
population^getolder.By2050,about20percentofthe
world’speoplewouldbe70orolder.Somepeoplesayan
oldersociety^goingtobeaproblem.Ateldersrus.org,we
disagree.Wepredictthatolderpeople^helpsociety.Inthe
future,olderpeopleinworkplaceswilltohelpcompanies
makebetterdecisions.Certainly,tomorrow’solder
population^goingtoneedmorehealthcare.Inthefuture,
therewillperhapstobebetterhealthcareforeveryoneof
allages.Active,healthyseniorscanchangetheworld.Click
are
are
are
are
willwill
is
will
is
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 16
heretoreadmoreabouteldersrus.cambridge.org.Inthe
future,youwilltobehappyyoudid!
Self-Assessment pages 116–117
1. b2. a3. c
4. b5. c6. a
7. b8. c9. b
10. a11. a12. c
13. b14. a15. b
Unit 18 Future Time Clauses and Future ConditionalsLearningtoCommunicate
Future Time Clauses
1 page 118 Onceawordbecomespopular,peoplewillexpectadictionarytoincludeit.However,noteverywordisgoodenoughforthedictionary.Awordwillhavetopassmanytestsbeforeitgetsintothedictionary.Forexample,hereishowonewell-knowndictionarynormallyaddsnewwords.Aftertheeditorsseeanewword,theywillputitonalistofinterestingwords.Theeditorwillmakeanoteaboutthewordassoonasitappearsanywhere.Whatdoesitmean?Whoisusingit?Wheredopeopleusetheword?Usually,untiltheeditorshavehundredsofnotesfortheword,theywillnotthinkaboutitverymuch.Whentheyhavealargenumberofnotes,theeditorswillmakeaspecialcardfortheword.Whenthecompanyplansanewdictionary,apersoncalledtheheadreaderwillreviewalltheinformationfromtheeditors.Aftertheheadreaderconsidersthousandsofwords,heorshewillchoosethebestwords.Thenthecompany’smanagerswilldiscussthosechoices.Assoonasthemanagersnametheluckynewwords,writerswillwritedefinitionsforthem.Finally,wewillfindtheminthedictionary.
2 page 1192. AssoonasAnastartstospeak,GabrielandJulia
willteachherthenamesofthingsinPortugueseandEnglish.
3. WhenGabrieltalkstoAna,hewilluseonlyEnglish.4. UntilAnaseemstounderstand,Gabrielwillrepeat
wordsinEnglish.5. BeforeAnagoestobed,Juliawillreadherastoryin
Portuguese.6. OnceAnaisfouryearsold,Juliawillfindday-care
withPortugueseandEnglishspeakers.
Future Conditionals; Questions with Time Clauses and Conditional Clauses
1 A page 120 3. want 4. will;teach 5. want 6. willpush 7. is 8. willshare 9. take10. willlearn11. show
12. willremember13. sees14. hears15. will;learn16. put17. willchoose18. have19. willtry
B page 121 2. IfyourdogislikeBobby,willyouteachnewwords
tohim? 3. WhenDr.BrownteachesBobbyanewword,willshe
saytheword? 4. Willsheshowhimathingifshewantshimtolearn
theword? 5. IfBobbylearnsawordnow,willherememberitlater? 6. WillBobbylearnawordoncehehearsit? 7. Iflistenershavedogs,willtheytrytoteachthem
newwords?
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 121–1222. c3. a4. a5. a
6. b7. c8. c
2 page 122
Ifsomebirdswillbewelltrained,theywillspeak.IfGus,
aparrot,willhearyousay“hi,”hewillsay“hi.”BrianGreen
ofWesternUniversitysays,“IfGuswillseeanewthing,
hewillmakeupnewwordsforit.”“Yesterday,Gussawa
plumandcalledit‘cherryapple.’Inthefuture,ifIshow
himsomethingsimilartowhatheknows,I^listenforGus’s
newnameforit.”Ifmostparrotswillhearaname,theywill
repeatit.Gusdoesmore.AssoonasGuswillhearanew
person’sname,hewillmakeasentence,like“Hi,Susan.”
WhenGuscontinuestotalksowell,hechangestheway
wethinkaboutbirdcommunication.
are
hears
sees
will
When
hears
If will change
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 17
Self-Assessment pages 122–123
1. b2. a3. c
4. b5. b6. a
7. b8. c9. b
10. a11. c12. b
13. a14. c15. b
Unit 19 AbilityAmazingScience
Ability with Can and Could
1 page 1242. can’tprepare3. canmake4. cantake5. can’tlearn6. canfly7. can’tgo
8. canfly 9. cananalyze10. canshare11. cangive12. can’tstop
2 page 1252. couldn’t3. could4. can5. can6. couldn’t
7. can 8. can 9. can10. can11. couldn’t
3 A page 125Possible answers2. Icanuseasmartphone.orIcan’tuseasmartphone.3. IcanunderstandaGPSnavigator.orIcan’tunderstand
aGPSnavigator.4. Icanmakevideochatcalls.orIcan’tmakevideo
chatcalls.
B page 125Possible answers2. Icoulduseasmartphonetenyearsago.orIcouldn’tuse
asmartphonetenyearsago.3. IcouldunderstandaGPSnavigatorfiveyearsago.orI
couldn’tunderstandaGPSnavigatorfiveyearsago.4. Icouldmakevideochatcallslastyear.orIcouldn’t
makevideochatcallslastyear.
4 page 1262. Stormwarningscouldn’treachthem.3. Theythoughtthatitcouldn’thappen.4. No,alotofpeoplecouldn’tgotoworkorschool.5. Hecan’tseeanycloudsinthesatellitepictures.6. Yes,peoplecanridetheirbikestoday.7. Hecanpredictrainfortomorrow.
Be Able To
1 page 1272. wasabletoreach3. areabletouse4. wereabletouse5. wasn’t/wasnotabletosee
6. areabletofly;aren’t/arenotabletogo7. isabletomake
2 A page 1282. b3. b4. a
5. a6. a
B pages 128–129Possible answers2. Theyareabletokeeptheirhousecleanbecausethey
haveRosietherobot.3. Yes,theyareabletogetfoodwhentheypressabutton.4. Heisabletodressforworkbystandinginamachine.5. Theyareabletoflybecausetheyusecarsthatfly
andjetpacks.6. Theyareabletotakevacationsonthemoon.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1292. a3. c4. b5. a
6. c7. c8. a
2 page 130
Inmyhighschool,wewerenotable^doexperiments.We
didnothavealab.Iwassad,becauseyoucannotbecome
aninventorwithoutalab.Myparentstoldmetobuildmy
ownlabinourgarage,soIdid.Icouldbuildaprettygood
one.Now,atCityCollege,I^abletouseoneofthebestlabs
intheworld.WhenIhaveanideaforaninvention,Iam
able^buildit.Here’smyadvicetoyoungpeople:Gotoa
schoolwhereyou^abletouseagoodlab.Computersare
good,butyoucannotreallyinventthingswiththemalone.
Remember:Agoodinventorisable^usehisorherhands.
Self-Assessment pages 130–131
1. b2. c3. c
4. b5. c6. b
7. c8. a9. b
10. a11. c12. a
13. b14. c15. a
to
cannot
was able to
am
to
are
cannot
to
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 18
Unit 20 Requests and OffersGoodCauses
Permission
1 page 132DearDr.Lance, Asyouknow,I’mthepresidentoftheStudentServiceClub.I’mwritingtoaskyourpermissiontoorganizesomeactivitiesinourcommunity.Everyyear,wehavemadeaholidaydinnerforhomelesspeople.Canwedothatagain?MayIcontactthenewspaperaboutthis?Theymightwriteanarticleaboutit.Also,doyoumindifwehavea3-mileracetoraisemoneyforourprojects?Finally,couldweusetheschoolparkinglotinMayforourcarwash?Itraisesmoneytosendkidstosummercamp.Thanksforyourtime.FreyzaEntepDearFeyza, Thankyouforyoure-mail.I’mgladthatourServiceClubissoactive.Abouttheholidaydinner:Sure.Noproblem.Sorry,butpleasedon’ttellthenewspaperaboutit.Wecanserveonlyabout100people.I’mafraidIdon’tliketheideaoftherace.Ifsomeonegetshurt,wemightgetintotrouble.Youcancertainlydothecarwash.Wedothiseveryyear,right?Ithinkit’sagreatactivity.Dr.JohnLance
2 page 1332. Doyoumind3. Notatall4. Can5. CanIplease
6. Doyoumindif7. CanI8. Sure.Noproblem.
3 page 133Answers will vary.
Requests and Offers
1 page 1342. Yes.Ofcourse.3. Would4. Certainly.5. Would
6. Could7. Could8. I’msorry
2 pages 134–1352. I’msorry3. I’ll4. Thatwouldbegreat5. Could
6. Certainly7. can8. would
3 page 135Possible answers2. CanIdrivethechildrentotheartcenterafterschool?;
Answers will vary3. MayIexplaintheprojecttothechildren?;
Answers will vary
4. IcancleanthetableswithDanaftertheclass.;Answers will vary
5. Icouldgetmorevolunteersatmycollege.;Answers will vary
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1362. b3. a4. b5. c
6. c7. b8. a
2 page 136
ThisSaturday,we’llhaveouroffice’scharitycarwash.
Canyoutohelp?Couldpleasewe^sharethework^?Could
ourmarketingdepartmenttobringtowels?Weneed
bucketstocarrywater.Willthesalespeopletobringsome?
Advertisingdepartment,canyou^directpleasecarsinto
thecarwash^?Weneedlotsofhelp.Wouldyoutoaskyour
familyandfriendstohelp?Thetechnologyteamsaid,“Yes,
wewould.”Thanksinadvance.Peoplehaveasked,
“Couldpleasethemanagers^bringpizza^?”Yes,wecould!
Self-Assessment pages 136–137
1. b2. a3. c
4. b5. c6. a
7. c8. a9. b
10. b11. b12. a
13. a14. c15. b
Unit 21 Advice and SuggestionsTheRightJob
Advice
1 page 1382. shouldn’ttrain3. shouldaskoroughttoask4. shoulddooroughttodo5. shouldthinkoroughttothink6. should;think7. shouldn’tworry8. Should;be9. shouldmakeoroughttomakeorhad
bettermake
2 page 1393. WhereshouldIlook4. ShouldIcome5. Shouldheget6. Whoshouldhesend7. Whenshouldhee-mail
please or , please
orplease
, please
willplease or can, please
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 19
3 page 1402. hadbetternotquituntilhegetsanewjob3. shouldposthisrésuméonline4. shouldcallthecompanytofindouthowtoapply5. oughttolistentohimandhelphim6. shouldgetsomejobtraining7. oughttofindsomeinterviewingtipsontheInternet8. shouldn’t/shouldnotbuyahousenow
4 pages 140–1412. Youshould/oughttofocusonjobsthatrequireyour
specialskills.3. Youshouldn’twastetimeonjobsthatdon’tsound
interesting.4. Youshould/oughtto/hadbetterbesurethatyouhave
agoodrésumé,oryoumaynotattractgoodcompanies.5. Youshould/oughttofindoutaboutfreeorlow-cost
trainingprograms.6. Youshould/oughttotelleveryoneyouknowthatyou
arelookingforajob.7. Youshouldn’t/hadbetternotputuntruestatementson
yourrésuméoryoumaygetintotroublelater.
Suggestions1 page 1412. Youmightwantto3. Whynot4. Youmightwantto5. Whydon’tI6. mightnotwantto
2 pages 142–1432. youmightnot3. whydon’t4. Youcould5. youmightnot6. Whydon’tyou
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1432. c3. a4. c5. b
6. a7. a8. c
2 page 144
Whenyoulookforajob,you^betterbeprepared.Here
arefivethingstothinkabout.First,whynotthinking
aboutwhatyoudobest?Youshouldgetajobthatlets
youdothat.Next,askyourself,“CanIbehappywiththis
company?”Iftheansweris“no,”you^betternottakeajob
there.Third,you^bettertellinterviewersthetruth.Youhad
betternotlieinajobinterview,oryoumightloseyourjob
later.Also,whynottoactlikeaprofessional?You
couldnottalkordressthewayyoudowithyourfriends.
Paycloseattentiontoyourclothes.Whynottobuynew
clothesjustforjobinterviews?Finally,you^betterstay
positive,evenifyoudonotgetthejob.Thereareotherjobs
outthere.Youhadbetterlookforonethatisevenbetter.
Self-Assessment pages 144–145
1. b2. a3. c
4. b5. b6. c
7. a8. c9. c
10. c11. a12. c
13. a14. c15. c
Unit 22 Necessity, Prohibition, and PreferenceHowtoSellIt
Necessity and Prohibition
1 page 146 2. mustspend 3. do;needtodo 4. havetoadvertise 5. Do;needtopay 6. don’t/donotneedtopay 7. does;havetolook 8. hastocheck 9. does;needtothink10. mustnotforget
2 page 147
Necessary Not Necessary Prohibited
1. ✓
2. ✓
3. ✓
4. ✓
5. ✓
6. ✓
7. ✓
8. ✓
3 page 147 2. haveto 3. mustnot 4. mustnot 5. hasto 6. don’thaveto
had
think
had
had
might not want to
had
should
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 20
Preference
1 page 1482. a3. b4. c5. b6. b
7. c 8. a 9. b10. c
2 page 1492. wouldprefertostudy3. I’dliketogive4. wouldrathernotwatch5. wouldprefertowatch6. wouldrathersee7. wouldratherhear8. wouldratherlisten9. thanlisten
3 page 1502. Would;rather3. do;prefer4. Do;prefer5. wouldlike
4 page 150Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1512. c3. b4. a5. c
6. b7. c8. b
2 page 151
Weaskedourcustomerswhatadsthey^rathersee.
Mostwouldrathertoseeadsthatarefunny.Many
customerssaidadsmustnotbeexpensive.Adsdon’t
havetohavegreatart,theysaid.Theywouldratherto
seeinexpensiveadswithgoodjokesandgoodmusic.The
musicinanadmustnotbefamous.Customersprefer^
hearmusicthatishappyandeasytosinginsteadoffamous
songs.About60percentofourcustomers^ratherseeads
afteraTVshowthanduringtheshow.About80percent
ofthemsaidtheywouldrathernottosee“pop-up”adson
theInternet–adsthatcomeonthescreensuddenlywhile
you’relookingatsomethingelse.
Self-Assessment pages 152–153
1. b2. a3. b
4. c5. a6. b
7. a8. c9. b
10. c11. a12. a
13. c14. b15. c
Unit 23 Present and Future ProbabilityLifeToday,LifeTomorrow
Present Probability
1 page 1542. might3. can’t4. shouldn’t5. must
6. should7. mightnot8. must
2 page 1552. mustbe3. might4. mustnot
5. mightnotbe6. must/should/might7. might
3 page 1552. mustbeveryproudofher3. mightbeatschool4. mustnot/mightnothaveherphoneon5. mustnot/can’tbeserious6. mustnot/mightnothaveenoughmoney
Modals of Future Probability
1 page 1562. will3. can’t4. should5. may
6. could7. shouldn’t8. Will9. maynot
2 pages 156–1572. Thenumberofbikeriderscould/should/mightincrease.3. Thenumberoftrafficaccidentsshouldn’tincrease.4. Thereshould/mightbefewercarsonthestreets.5. Rentscould/mightgoup.6. Thepopulationshouldincrease.7. Newcompaniesmightmoveintothecity.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1572. b3. b4. c5. c
6. c7. a8. b
would
don’t have/need to be
doesn’t have/need to be to
would
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 21
2 page 158
Carscannotbepartofourfuture.Instead,wemaybe
flyingaroundintinyprivateplanes.Inthefuture,gasoline
mustbecomehardtoget.Asaresult,thekindofcarwe
havetodaycanbecomehardertouse.Gasolinemust
becomeveryexpensive.Willothertypesofcarsbecome
common?Yes,theymightbecome.Also,researchersthink
thatsmallairplanesmaybecommoninthefuture.It’s
possiblethattheseairplanescanrunonpowerfromthe
sun.Theycouldn’tneedanypoweratall.Whoknows?If
tinypersonalplanesbecomecommon,willhouseshave
littlehomeairportsinsteadofgarages?Yes,theymight
have.
Self-Assessment pages 158–159
1. b2. b3. c
4. a5. c6. b
7. c8. a9. c
10. a11. c12. b
13. a14. b15. c
Unit 24 Transitive and Intransitive Verbs; Verbs and PrepositionsGettingAlongatWork
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
1 page 1602. T3. I4. T5. T6. T7. T
8. I 9. T10. T11. T12. I
2 page 160 WhenIarriveattheofficeeachmorning,Iwalktothekitchen.Imakeacupofcoffeeandsayhellotomyco-workers.Afterthat,Itakemycoffeetomydeskandturnonmycomputer.Duringtheday,Itypereportsonmycomputer.IplaymusicwhileIwork.Ialwaysmakesuretokeepthevolumelow.Thatwayifsomeoneknocks,Icanstillhearthem.Ieatlunchwithmyco-workers.Inthesummer,weeatoutside. Everyoneinmyofficegetsalongwell.Wedon’tfightorargue.Ithelpsthatthereareonlyfourofus!Iworkinaverysmalloffice.It’seasyforustolikeeachother.
3 page 1612. nearaguy3. clearly4. tomyoffice5. loudmusic
6. headphones7. somethingaboutthenoise8. atherdesk9. thefood
4 page 161Answers will vary.
Verb + Object + Preposition Combinations
1 page 1622. learn;from3. explains;to4. get;from5. ask;for6. remind;about7. ask;for
2 page 1622. Hisco-workershelphimwithdifficulttasks.3. Heasksthemforadvice.4. Hegetsgoodfeedbackfromthem.5. Theyexplaincompanypoliciestohim.6. Hediscussesproblemswiththem.
3 page 163Answers will vary.
Verb + Preposition Combinations
1 page 1642. about3. with4. to5. to6. on
7. on 8. for 9. about10. on11. for
2 pages 164–1652. for3. about4. for5. at6. on
7. with 8. to 9. for10. about11. on
3 page 165Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 165–1662. b3. b4. a5. b
6. a7. c8. b
may may be
will
could will
may be
could
may not / might not / shouldn’t
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 22
2 page 166
Donoisesdistract^?Isithardforyoutodealon
noisyco-workers?Whatcansolvetheproblem?Asetof
PrivaPhonescansolve^!JustwearonPrivaPhonesatwork.
You’llaskyourself,“Whathappened^thenoise?”With
PrivaPhones,youwon’thear^.Thisletsyouworkwith
hardatyourjob.PrivaPhonesdependr^newtechnologyto
protectyourears.YourPrivaPhonesarewaitingwithyou
today!
Self-Assessment pages 166–167
1. b2. a3. c
4. a5. b6. c
7. a8. c9. b
10. c11. a12. b
13. c14. c15. a
Unit 25 Phrasal VerbsMoney,Money,Money
Intransitive Phrasal Verbs
1 page 1682. eatout3. wentahead4. lookout5. watchout6. goon
7. wentout 8. ranout 9. hangon10. giveup
2 page 1692. out3. on4. down5. away6. up
7. in 8. on 9. back10. in
3 pages 169–1702. watchout3. standup4. workout5. gotalong6. wenton7. grownup
8. giveup 9. setsin10. hangson11. runout12. comeback
Transitive Phrasal Verbs
1 A page 1702. Itwilladdup.;I3. Everyoneshouldsetupabankaccount.;T4. Thathelpstobuildupyoursavings.;T5. Youcantakeyourmoneyoutoftheaccountatany
time.;T
B page 1712. T;T3. T4. I
2 page 1712. figuredout3. worksout4. setsup5. findout6. takemoneyout7. findout8. addthemup
3 page 1722. payoffyourstudentloansorpayyourstudentloans
off ?;didn’t/didnotpaythemoff3. workoutthecostsorworkthecostsout;worked
themout4. putoffpayingabill;don’t/donotputitoff5. turnthatmusicdownorturndownthatmusic;
turnitdown
4 page 172Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1732. b3. a4. c5. b
6. a7. c8. a
2 page 174
Smartparentssavemoneyfromtheirincomefortheir
children’scollegeeducation.Asmartparentputsawayit
inacollegesavingsplan.Thisisapriority.Acollegesavings
planwillonlyworkifyoustartearly.Youhavetofindout
agoodsavingsplan.Youhavetosetupitbeforeyourchild
grows.Youcannotbuildupitifyoustarttoolate.Todecide
howmuchmoneyyouneed,findouthowmuchayearof
collegecostsnow.Expertspoint^thatthepriceofacollege
educationrisesupbyabout8percenteveryyear.Dothe
math.Thecostwillgrowupovertheyears.
Self-Assessment pages 174–175
1. b2. a3. c
4. c5. a6. b
7. a8. b9. a
10. c11. c12. b
13. a14. c15. a
you with
it
to
it
on
for
it away
it up
grows up it up
out
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Unit 26 ComparativesWeAreAllDifferent
Comparative Adjectives and Adverbs
1 page 176 2. better 3. older 4. morelikely 5. younger 6. harder 7. weaker 8. moreadventurous 9. freer10. better11. stronger12. moreimportant
2 A page 177 2. lesseasygoing 3. moreconfident 4. nicer 5. moreindependent 6. lesssuccessful 7. smarter 8. moreeducated 9. moreintelligent10. better11. worse12. better
B page 178 2. canhelponetwinbecomemoreconfidentthan
theother 3. Canonetwinbesmarterthantheother 4. onetwindoesn’tusuallyhaveabetterbrainthan
theother 5. abetterdietcanaffectthebrain
Comparatives with As . . . As
1 page 178 2. asathleticas 3. asfastas 4. asskilledas 5. asexperiencedas 6. aswellas 7. ascreativeas
2 A page 179 2. notasshortas 3. asmuchas 4. asdarkas 5. asbigas 6. notassmallas 7. ashighas 8. asinterestedinsportsas
B page 180Answers will vary.
3 page 180Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 180–1812. a3. b4. c5. b
6. c7. b8. a
2 page 181
Thepresident’sofficeannouncesaneweradmissions
policyforthefamiliesofcurrentstudentsatJacobCounty
CommunityCollege.Itwillnowbemoreeasierforsiblings
ofcurrentstudentstoapply.Theapplicationformforthese
siblingsismuchshorterthatthenormalapplication.Also,
siblingsofcurrentstudentscanapplyearlierthatusual.
Thecollege’spresident,WayneRoberts,said,“Wewantto
beasopen^possibletothefamiliesofourstudents.”He
explainedthat“legacyadmissions”–specialprocedures
forstudent’srelatives–arebecomingmorecommoner
atcolleges.Robertsexplainedthatthecollege’sapproval
ofsiblingapplicationsdoesnottakeaslong^usual.
“Siblingsarealikeinmanyways,”hesaid.“Ifastudentis
alreadydoingwellhere,brothersorsisterswillprobably
succeedtoo.”Thecollegehopesthenewerpolicywillmake
admissionssimplerandmorequicker.
Self-Assessment pages 182–183
1. b2. c3. c
4. a5. b6. a
7. c8. b9. a
10. c11. a12. b
13. c14. a15. b
Unit 27 Superlative Adjectives and AdverbsTheBestandtheWorst
Superlative Adjectives and Adverbs
1 pages 184–1852. theworst3. themostdangerous
new
than
than
as
common
as
new
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 24
4. Thehighest 5. themosthonest 6. Thestrongest 7. themostintense 8. Themostviolent 9. Theweakest10. thelowest
2 page 185 2. thescariestones 3. theleastinterestingones 4. occur(the)mostquickly 5. happen(the)mostfrequently 6. themostpredictablenaturaldisasters 7. forecast;(the)mosteasily 8. avoid;(the)mosteasily 9. avoid;(the)leasteasily10. theleastscarynaturaldisaster11. themostterrifyingnaturaldisaster12. worked(the)hardest13. thebestgrade14. themostinterestingsubject
3 pages 186–187Possible answers 2. Tornadoeshappen(the)leastofteninAlaska. 3. May2003hadthelargestnumberoftornadoes. 4. Tornadoeshappen(the)mostofteninMay. 5. Thelargestnumberoftornadoesinonedaywas147. 6. Thewidthofthewidesttornadowas2.5miles. 7. Thefastestwindspeedinatornadowasprobably
about300mph. 8. Thehighestamountofpropertydamagefromone
tornadowasperhaps$1billion.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1872. c3. a4. b5. a
6. c7. c8. c
2 page 188
Whenwetalkaboutthetopicoftheweather,weshould
notforgetsnowstorms.Oneofthebaddestsnowstormsin
historyhittheUnitedStatesandCanadainMarch1993.At
itstrongestpoint,thestormreachedfromCanadato
CentralAmerica.TheeasternUnitedStateswashitthe
baddest.Thestormaffectedthemostseriouslythatarea^.
ThesurprisingestsnowfallwasinFlorida,whichgot
aboutfourinches.Thestormdumpeditheaviestsnow –
69inches–onthetownofMountLeConte,Tennessee.
Tornadoeswereoneofthedangerousestaspectsofthe
storm.TheyhitthehardestFlorida^.Becauseitwasthe
violenteststorminmorethan100years,manypeoplein
theeasternUnitedStatescallit“TheStormoftheCentury.”
Self-Assessment page 188–189
1. b2. a3. c
4. b5. b6. c
7. a8. b9. c
10. a11. c12. a
13. c14. b15. b
Unit 28 Gerunds and Infinitives (1)ManagingTime
Verbs Followed by Gerunds or Infinitives
1 page 190 2. toincrease 3. tomeasure 4. touse 5. using 6. tocalculate 7. tomeasure 8. tobe 9. tofollow
2 page 191 2. Iplantostartworkingasavolunteeratakitchenfor
homelesspeople. 3. Itwillinvolvespendingaboutfourhoursaweekwitha
teamattheshelter. 4. Idecidedtodothisbecausehomelesspeoplearereally
justlikeyouandme. 5. Manypeopleneedhelpwhiletheykeeplookingfor
work. 6. Theyneedtospendtheirtimeonjobsearches,noton
searchesforfood. 7. Theywanttobeindependent. 8. Ican’trefusetogiveafewhourseveryweek. 9. Ifyouwanttodonatesomeofyourtime,Icangiveyou
theshelter’snumber.10. Ithinkyouwillenjoyhelpingthesepeople.
3 page 1922. getting3. tobe4. tochange5. having6. tosolve7. seeing
8. trying 9. spending10. being11. todeal12. tostudy13. tosee
Verbs Followed by Gerunds and Infinitives
1 pages 192–193 2. rememberedasking 3. triedtoplan 4. forgottoset
worst
its
worst the most seriously
most surprising
its
most dangerous
the hardest
most violent
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5. lovetoplayorloveplaying 6. remembertochange 7. stopmaking 8. triedtaking
2 page 193 2. likedhelpingorlikedtohelp 3. startedworkingorstartedtowork 4. enjoysworking 5. startedvolunteeringorstartedtovolunteer 6. wantedtoteach 7. triestotrainortriestraining 8. lovestoworkorlovesworking
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 page 1942. a3. b4. a5. c
6. a7. b8. c
2 page 194
HiSam,
Iwantedwritingtoyoulastweek,butIdidn’thavetime.
Sorry,butIgotreallybusyandforgotwriting.Ienjoytobe
inSanDiego,butIdon’thavemuchtimeforfun.Iexpected
workingonlyeighthoursyesterday,butIkepttoworkat
theofficeforelevenhours.Everyday,Ifinishtodoone
thing,andthenIhavetodoanother.LastSunday,Ihad
somefreetime,soIdecided^takeabustoabeachjust
northofSanDiego.Iexpected^seesand,butitwasvery
rockyandreallypretty.Well,Ishouldstoptowritenow.If
yougetthetime,comevisit!
Love,
Kate
Self-Assessment pages 194–195
1. b2. c3. a
4. b5. c6. a
7. c8. b9. a
10. c11. b12. c
13. a14. c15. b
Unit 29 Gerunds and Infinitives (2)CivilRights
More About Gerunds
1 page 196 2. hiring 3. losing 4. working 5. being 6. doing 7. reading 8. giving
2 A page 196 2. of 3. about 4. for 5. in 6. on 7. about 8. about 9. about
B page 197 2. worriedaboutnothaving 3. involvedininterviewing 4. thinkaboutreaching 5. forgetaboutneeding 6. awareofcreating 7. worryaboutseeming 8. sorryaboutdisagreeing 9. afraidofnotlooking10. involvedindiscriminating
More About Infinitives
1 A page 198 ThemaingoaloftheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct(ADA)istopreventdiscriminationagainstdisabledpersons.Animportantpurposeofthelawistomakesurethatentrancesincluderampsandelevatorssothatdisabledpersonscanenterthebuildings.ThislawbenefitstheAmericaneconomyinseveralways.Onewayistoletdisabledpersonscontributetheirskillstocompanies.Anotherbenefitistoallowdisabledpersonstosupportthemselves.
B page 198 Researchershaveconductedmanystudiestounderstandleft-handednessbetter.Aleft-handedpersonusesthelefthand,nottheright,todomosteverydaytasks.However,onlyabout11percentoftheworld’speopleareleft-handed.Theyfaceakindofdiscriminationbecausemostproductsaremadetobeconvenientfortheright-handedmajority.Supportersofleft-handers’rightshavewrittentomanymanufacturersinordertogetmorescissors,keyboards,guitars,andotherproductsforleft-handers.
to write
to write being
to work working
doing
to
to
writing
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2 pages 198–199Possible answers2. toliveinaniceneighborhood3. tofindhimhouses4. tohelppeoplefindhomesinLinden5. tokeephimoutofLinden6. tochangepeople’smindsaboutdiscrimination
3 page 199Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 199–2002. a3. b4. c5. a
6. a7. b8. a
2 page 200
Workingforcivilrightsareeveryone’sduty.TheCollege
RightsClubinvitesallstudentstobeinvolvedforending
discrimination.Pleasejoinusatournextmeetingon
October7intheStudentUnion.Wewilltalkabout
toplanthisyear’sactivities.Lastyear,weworkedhardfor
toprotecttherightsofpeopleoncampus.Webelieved^
wasimportanttogetbetteraccesstocampusbuildingsfor
disabledpersons.Supportingworkersonlocalfarmswere
alsoanimportantproject.Wesucceededaboutsettingupa
FarmWorkers’AidCentertoprovideday-careforworkers’
children.Thisyear,wewillkeepontohelpallmembers
ofourcommunitytobetreatedfairlyandrespectfully.We
hopeyoubelieveitisimportantfortobepartofthiseffort.
Joinus!
Self-Assessment pages 200–201
1. b2. a3. c
4. b5. a6. c
7. b8. a9. c
10. a11. b12. c
13. a14. c15. b
Unit 30 Subject Relative Clauses (Adjective Clauses with Subject Relative Pronouns)
Sleep
Subject Relative Clauses
1 page 2022. who/thatstudy3. who/thatare4. that/whichhave5. that/whichdoesn’t/doesnothave6. who/thatare7. who/thatare8. that/whichlook9. that/whichhappen
2 pages 202–2032. Therearesomekindsoffoodthat/whichhelppeople
sleep.3. Turkeyisoneexampleofakindoffoodthat/which
makespeoplesleepy.4. Scientistswhostudyfoodsayturkeycontains
tryptophan.5. Tryptophanisachemicalthat/whichleadsto
sleepiness.6. Researcherswhostudysleepproblemssayotherkinds
offoodcankeepyouawake.8. Chocolateisonekindoffoodthat/whichcanmakeyou
stayawake.
More About Subject Relative Clauses
1 page 2032. that/whichmeetsweekly3. who/thathavewalkedintheirsleeporwho/thathave
beenwalkingintheirsleep4. who/thattakemedication5. who/thatpreferamorenaturalapproach6. that/whichconcernsalotofthegroup7. that/whichhascurrentinformation
2 page 2042. whoseunclesleepsonlyfivehoursanight3. whoseco-workerstudiesherdreams4. whosebrothertalksinhissleep5. whosedaughtersometimessleepwalks6. whosefriendsliketostayupallnight
3 A pages 204–2052. who/that3. whose4. who/that5. that/which6. who/that7. who/that8. whose9. that/which
is
in
planning
it
was
in
helping
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B page 2052. who/thatisBritish3. that/whichcauseslongsleepperiods4. who/thatstayedawakefor11days5. whosesleepdeprivationwaspartofascienceproject6. that/whichaffectyourmind7. who/thatplayedfootball8. whosesleepdeprivationcomesfromdiseases
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 205–2062. a3. c4. b
5. a6. c7. b
8. c
2 page 206
JoshParkerisateacherwhichoftenworkslate.He
driveshomeonadarkroad^hasnolights.Alongworkday,
thelatehour,andthedarkroadareacombinationthat
itcouldbedangerous.Joshcouldfallasleepwhile
drivingandgetintoabadaccident.Headmitsthatheis
sometimestootiredtodrive.“Iamaguywhousuallyput
safetyfirst.Idon’tdrinkanddrive,andIneverdriveata
speed^isdangerous.Still,whenI’mtired,I’mlikeaguy
who’sbrainisn’tworkingright.”Joshhasaproblemwho
isverycommon.Likeotherpeoplewhoisreallytired,he
sometimesmakesbaddecisions.Whenhefeelstired,he
shouldnotdrivebyhimself.Heshoulddrivewithafriend
who’sroleistokeephimawake.
Self-Assessment pages 206–207
1. b2. c3. b
4. a5. b6. c
7. a8. c9. a
10. b11. a12. c
13. c14. a15. c
Unit 31 Object Relative Clauses (Adjective Clauses with Object Relative Pronouns)Viruses
Object Relative Clauses
1 page 2082. that/which3. that/which4. that/which5. that/which6. that/which
7. that/which 8. that/which 9. who/that10. who/that11. that/which
2 pages 208–2092. that/whichdoctorshaveidentified3. that/whichmostpeopleexperience4. that/whichyouwillgetoverintwoorthreedays5. that/whichyoumayhaveforseventotendays6. that/whichyoucanstillusewithoutalotofpain7. that/whichyoufeel8. that/whichtheflucanleadto
More About Object Relative Clauses
1 pages 209–2102. that/which/Ø;use3. that/which/Ø;do4. who/that/Ø;interact5. that/which/Ø;havebeenrunningorhaverun6. that/which/Ø;provide7. that/which/Ø;havebeengivingorhavegiven8. who/that/Ø;meet9. that/which/Ø;cause
2 page 2102. TheCDChiresmanypeoplethat/whomthe
organizationwantstoinvestigatehealthproblems.3. IntheUnitedState,76millionpeopleeachyeargetsick
fromthefoodthattheyeat.4. In2010,hundredsofpeoplebecamesickfromafood
thatnoonecouldidentify.5. Manyofthesickpeoplethat/whomhealthofficials
investigatedwerefromonestate.6. Thehealthofficialstooktheshoppercardsthatthese
peopleusedatgrocerystores.7. Theshoppercardsallhadonefoodincommonthat
investigatorsidentifiedasthesourceoftheproblem.
3 page 2112. thatvirusescause3. whomostvirusesinfect4. thatothervirusescause5. thatdoctorsthinkareserious6. whosediscoveryofavirusin1989helpedorwhose
discoveryin1989ofavirushelped7. thatmedicinescouldnotcure8. whichdoctorshavedevelopedrecently
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 211–2122. c3. b4. a
5. c6. b7. b
8. c
2 page 212
Finalexamweekisatimewhostudentsworryabout.
AreyouastudentwhomfeelsbothworriedANDtired?If
so,youarelikemostoftheotherstudentswhotiredfaces
youseearoundyou.Therearewaystobeatthetiredness
who
which/that
puts
that/which
whose that/which
are
whose
that/which/Ø
who
whose
Grammar and Beyond Workbook 2 ©CambridgeUniversityPress2012Photocopiable 28
whoexamweekbrings.Sleepwhoyoumissislikefoodthat
youdon’teat.All-nightstudysessionsthatyoudependon
themarenotgoodforyou.Thefactsthatyouremember
thematmidnightwillbegonebynoon.Instead,setastudy
schedulewhomyoucanfollowwithoutmissingsleep.For
yourhealth,remember:Beforeanexam,anyeighthoursof
sleepwhoyougetisbetterthaneighthoursoflate-night
study.
Self-Assessment pages 212–213
1. b2. c3. a
4. c5. b6. c
7. a8. b9. c
10. a11. a12. c
13. c14. a15. b
Unit 32 Conjunctions and Adverb ClausesSpecialDays
Conjunctions
1 page 2142. but3. so4. and5. and
6. but7. and8. yet9. and
10. and11. and12. and
2 A page 2152. ,but3. and
4. ,so5. ,and
6. ,but
B page 2152. ,so3. ,yet
4. or5. ,or
6. ,yet7. ,so
C page 216Possible answers2. inFebruaryorMarch3. MardiGras,yet/butthebestandlargestcelebrationisin
NewOrleans4. wearcostumesand/ormasks5. theparadesinNewOrleansand/orontheInternetor
theparadesinNewOrleans,oryoucanseethemontheInternet
6. toNewOrleanseachyearforMardiGras,soitisverycrowded
8. struckNewOrleansin2005,but/yetthecitystillcelebratedMardiGrasin2006
Adverb Clauses
1 A pages 216–2172. Although3. because
4. because5. although
B page 2172. Eventhough3. since4. Eventhough
5. since6. Eventhough
2 pages 217–2182. becauseitisathree-dayweekendformanypeople3. Althoughpeopleenjoybarbecuesallsummer4. SinceJuly4isapatrioticholiday5. becauseitcomesinSeptember
3 page 218Answers will vary.
Avoid Common Mistakes
1 pages 218–2192. b3. a4. b
5. c6. a7. a
8. b
2 page 220
Athoughtmostcountrieshaveatleast10national
holidays,Indiadoesn’t.Ithasonlythree.BecauseIndia
hassuchahugepopulation^
youmightbesurprised.
Sinceithassomanydifferentethnicandreligious
groups^
shouldn’tithavemoreholidays?Theansweris
thatitdoesalthoughtheyarenotnationalholidaysthey
arecelebratedinlargeareasofthecountry.Manycountries
havesimilarsystems.Althoughttherearefewnational
holidays,therearemanyimportantonesthatarenot
officialforthewholecountry.Forexample,becausesome
U.S.stateswanttohonorAbrahamLincolntheycelebrate
hisbirthday(February12).Onlyfourstateshavethat
holiday.StateworkersinConnecticut,Illinois,Missouri,
andNewYorkgetthedayoffeventhoughthereisno
nationalholidaynootherstatesclosegovernmentoffices
forthatholiday.Asmallpartofastatemaycelebratea
holidayalthoughtthewholestatedoesn’tcelebrateit.Even
thoughmostcitiesinthestateofMontanadonotcelebrate
ChineseNewYear,thecityofButte,Montana,hasparades
thatdaythecityishometomanyChineseAmericans.
Self-Assessment pages 220–221
1. b2. c3. a
4. c5. c6. b
7.a8.c9.b
10. a11. b12. b
13. a14. c15. a
that/which/Ø that/which/Ø
that/which/Ø
that/which/Ø
Although
,
,The answer is that it does. Although
they are not national holidays, they are celebrated in large
areas of the country.
Although
^,
State workers in Connecticut, Illinois, Missouri, and New
York get the day off even though there is no national
holiday. No other states close government offices for that
holiday.
although Even though
most cities in the state of Montana do not celebrate Chinese
New Year, the city of Butte, Montana, has parades that day.
The city is home to many Chinese Americans.