Download - Grade 7 Science Unit 2: Heat
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Grade 7 ScienceUnit 2: Heat Chapter 4: Temperature describes how hot or cold an object is.
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Describing Temperature
How does temperature affect your daily life?
Why do you feel warm playing outside on a cold winter’s day?
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TemperatureA description of how hot
or cold something is.
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Activity
4-1A Boiling Hot, Freezing Cold p. 111
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Standard Temperatures
Room Temperature – 22 oC
Body Temperature - 37 oCBoiling Point of Water - 100 oC
Freezing Point of Water - 0 oC
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Air TemperatureRead p. 115 – 116
Reading Check p. 116 #1-3
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Checkpoint
P. 119#6, 7, 8, 9
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Measuring Temperature
Early Thermometers Galileo's Air
Thermometer▪ As the air heats, the liquids drops and rises when air is cooled.
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Modern Day Galileo Thermometer
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Early Thermometers
Early Liquid Thermometer: Liquid rising up the tube shows the temperature is rising.
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Temperature ScalesScales are necessary for temperatures to be accurate and comparable.
3 commonly used scales are:1.Fahrenheit2.Celsius3.Kelvin
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Fahrenheit Scale
Developed by Daniel Fahrenheit
The first to be widely usedFreezing of water occurs at 32 oF
Boiling of water occurs at 212 oF
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Kelvin Scale
Developed by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)
Scale states that the coldest temperature possible –absolute zero (-273 ˚C)
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Celsius Scale
Developed by Anders Celsius Most commonly used temperature
scale Based on water freezing at 0 oC and
boiling at 100 oC .
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Calibrating a Thermometer
To calibrate means to accurately assign a scale.
Steps to calibrating a Thermometer1.Place the bulb in a mixture of water
and ice.2.Mark the point at the top of the liquid
as 0 oC .3.Remove the bulb from the ice water
and place in boiling water. 4.Mark the point at the top of the liquid
as 100 oC 5.Divide the space between 0 and 100
into 100 even spaces. Each space will represent 1 oC .
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Measuring Temperature Liquid in Glass Thermometer
The lab thermometer contains colored alcohol rather than mercury for safety.
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Thermocouple
The Thermocouple Made of two wires of different metals. A temperature difference causes a
current to flow through the wires. This current is measured by a meter.
Can measure higher temperatures than typical thermometers.
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The Resistance Thermometer (digital thermometers)
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Bimetallic Strip (thermostat)
Made of two different metals fused together.
These metals expand and contract at different rates causing the strip to bend when heated.
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Bimetallic Strip
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Infrared Thermometer (thermogram)
Converts infrared radiation into colors that can interpret a temperature difference.
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Checkpoint
P. 131#2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 12
P. 132 - 133#2, 10, 11, 15, 16, 18, 19