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8/2/2019 GOVT 1005- Introduction to Public Policy Analysis Session 3 Topic 2
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Session 3-Introduction to Policy making
Lecturer: Mr Josh Drayton
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8/2/2019 GOVT 1005- Introduction to Public Policy Analysis Session 3 Topic 2
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Public policy defined as government action orinaction
Policy is intended to resolve a problem whichrequires attention
Public policy analysis is therefore actionoriented focused on:
- Policy process
- Implementation and impact- Evaluation
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Session 3 Models
Understanding the policy process using the
System’s Approach to policy making Application of policy to policy making
Session 4
Specific models to policy making
Approaches to policy making
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Students will be able to: Identify various models in policy making
Explain and apply the Policy Cycle and
Systems Approach to policy making
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It involves: Concern with Explanation rather than
prescription
Search for causes and consequences of publicpolicy
Develop and test alternatives regardingcauses and consequences of public policy
Accumulation of research findings
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Systems analysis and simulation Cost benefit analysis
New Approaches to budgeting
Policy Experimentation Policy Evaluation
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Utility – Models seek to simplify complexrealities. Need to manage models to beappropriate to analysis
Purposes- Models are designed for specificpurposes and goals.
Limits- Models seek to isolate specificvariables limiting its application
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Environment Governmental Policy Activity
Societal Policy Activity
Policy Actors’ Perceptions of environment
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Policy Statements- statements of intent Policy action (implementation actions)
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Outside environment Inside government
Specific policy and programs
Perceptions of policy actors
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Societal implementation (Usage of Programmes)
Policy/ Programme results
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Physical Social
Economic
PoliticalReceived from :
Demands and supports
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Area where decision are made Defined as the political system
Includes:
Institutions and Personnel Policy makers
Technocrats
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Action from the political system (Black box)translates into policy
Includes implementers
Communities policy intended to service
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Tests the effect the policy has on theenvironment
Whether demands have been met
Affects the political system
May generate new demands
May generate discontinuity
Allows for development of future policy
making
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Intra- societal Environment Ecological system
Biological system
Personality system Social system
Extra- Societal
International Political systems
International Ecological systems International Social system
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Agenda Setting Policy Formulation
Decision Making
Implementation Evaluation
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Includes Problem definition Infinite number of problems and issues within
society
How do these get on the Government'sagenda?
Involves competition by various groups
Lobbying government – difference in U.S and
Caribbean Building relationships with decision makers
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Narrow the issue Consider resources
Stakeholder analysis
Experts in Policy Process Government’s intention and ideology e.g
vision 2020
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Similar to black box in Systems Approach Cabinet
Parliament
Utilization of various decision makingtechniques
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Assessment of resources Allocation of resources:
- staff
- funding- equipment where necessary
Note the role of the bureaucrat in thisprocess
Timelines Separation of policy into individual tasks
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Impact of policy Compare policy intention vs. effect
Questions of succession/ termination ormodification of policy
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Rational Policy Making Model Lindblom’s Incremental Approach
Public Choice Approach
Mixed Approach
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1. Thomas Dye argued that “Public policy waswhat governments choose to do or not todo.” Critically analyze this statement withthe use of examples.
2. The use of policy statements by politiciansare policy intentions rather than specificpublic policies. Is this a valid claim?
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Thank you for attending. Have a great
weekend!
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