GOES-R Hyperspectral Sensor/Science Requirements
Timothy J. Schmit
NOAA/NESDIS/STAR
Advanced Satellite Products Branch (ASPB)
Madison, WI
And many others
MURI MeetingJune 9, 2005
GOES-R • Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI)• Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES)
– Disk Sounding– Severe Weather Mesoscale– Coastal Imager
• Solar Instrument Suite (SIS)• Space Environment In Situ Suite (SEISS)• Auxiliary Services (AUX)• Magnetometer (MAG)• Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM)
Oth
er U
sers
NWS
OAR
NOS
NMFS
NMAO
PPI
NOAA Users
NESDIS
Eco
syst
ems,
Wea
ther
& W
ater
, C
lim
ate,
C
om
mer
ce &
Tra
nsp
ort
atio
n
GPRD
Aerosols
PrecipitationAtmospheri
c Profiles
Ocean
Space & Solar
Clouds
Land
Requirements
Atmospheric RadianceAtmospheri
c Winds
Coastal Waters & Estuaries
Mapping Requirements To System Solutions
Coronagraph
Microwave Sounder/Imager
Po
tential
P3I
Hyperspectral Environmental
Suite (HES)
Adv. Baseline Imager (ABI)
Solar Imaging Suite (SIS)
Space Env In-Situ Suite
(SEISS)
Instruments
GOES Lightning Mapper (GLM)
Baselin
e Instru
men
ts
Hyperspectral Imager
Solar Irradiance Sensor
GOES-R System
MRD
Tasks 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
A&O Co ntract
SAT A1
ABI
SIS
SEISS
SAT B1
HES
GLM
SAT A2
SAT B2
SAT A3
SAT B3
SAT A4
SAT B4
07/07
PDR
04/08
CDR
01/09 04/18
10/10
09/1206/1209/10
LRDShip
09/04
FM1 FM2 FM3 FM4
04/11 10/12 04/14
09/06 03/11 06/12 09/13 12/14
FM1 FM4FM3FM2
FM1 FM4FM3FM2
10/10 10/11 10/12 10/1304/06
06/1309/11
LRDShip
09/13
FM1 FM4FM3FM2
10/11 04/13 10/14 04/1610/06
FM1 FM4FM3FM2
10/11 10/12 10/13 10/1404/07
04/1401/1410/12
LRDShip
10/1507/1504/14
LRDShip
04/1701/1710/15
LRDShip
04/1501/1510/13
LRDShip
10/1607/1604/15
LRDShip
04/1801/1810/16
LRDShip
09/05 09/06
09/07 09/08
04/07 04/08
10/07 10/08
04/08 04/09
PDR CDR
PDR CDR
PDR CDR
PDR CDR
PDR CDR
GOES-R Program ScheduleAs of: 22 Mar 05
Ocean (example):
Atmosphere (example):
Land (example):
Space
NOAA Observational requirements are separated by discipline:
Surface Emissivity
Surface Albedo
Vegetation FractionVegetation Index
Sea & Lake Ice / Displacement & Direction
Sea & Lake Ice / Age
Sea & Lake Ice / Concentration
Sea & Lake Ice / Extent & Characterization
Sea & Lake Ice / Surface Temp
Currents
Ocean Color
Ocean Optical Properties
Ocean Turbidity
Sea & Lake Ice / Extent & Edge
Sea & Lake Ice / Motion
Sea & Lake Ice / Thickness
Ice Cover / Landlocked
Snow Cover
Snow Depth
Sea Surface Temps
Energetic Heavy Ions
Solar & Galactic Protons
Solar Flux: EUV
Mag Electrons & Protons: Low Energy
Solar Flux: X-Ray
Mag Electrons & Protons: Med & High Energy
Solar Imagery: X-Ray
Derived Stability Indices
Atmospheric Vertical Temperature Profile
Rainfall Potential
Dust/Aerosol
Probability of Rainfall
Rainfall Rate
Atmospheric Vertical Moisture Profile
Capping Inversion Information
Moisture Flux
Total Precipitable Water
Total Water Content
Pressure Profile
Downward Solar Insolation
CO Concentration
Upward Longwave Radiation
Ozone Total
Downward Longwave Radiation
Radiances
Absorbed Shortwave Radiation
Reflected Solar Insolation
Fire / Hot Spot Imagery
Flood / Standing Water
Microburst Wind Speed Potential
Derived Motion Winds
SO2 Detection
Land Surface (Skin) Temperature
Clear Sky Masks
GOES-R Observational Requirements
ABI – Advanced Baseline Imager
HES – Hyperspectral Environmental Suite
SEISS – Space Env. In-Situ Suite
SIS – Solar Instrument Suite
GLM – GOES Lightning Mapper
Magnetometer
Aerosol Detection
Aerosol Particle Size
Suspended Matter
Volcanic Ash
Aircraft Icing Threat
Cloud & Moisture Imagery
Cloud Imagery
Cloud Layers / Heights & Thickness
Cloud Particle Size Distribution
Cloud Base Height
Cloud Ice Water Path
Cloud Liquid Water
Cloud Optical Depth
Cloud Top Phase
Cloud Top Height
Cloud Top Pressure
Cloud Type
Cloud Top Temperature
Enhanced "V"/Overshooting Top Detection
Hurricane Intensity
Convection Initiation
Imagery: All-Weather / Day - Night
Lightning Detection
Low Cloud & Fog
Turbulence
Visibility
Geomagnetic Field
Sounder Comparison (GOES-Current to HES-Req)
Coverage Rate CONUS/hr Sounding Disk/hr
Horizontal Resolution
- Sampling Distance 10 km 10 km
- Individual Sounding 30-50 km 10 km
Vertical resolution ~3 km 1 km
Accuracy
Temperature 2 deg. K 1 deg. K
Relative Humidity 20% 10%
Current Requirement
HES• The Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES) will be located on a
geostationary platform. – 2013– NOAA operational– Currently in formulation phase
• HES is an outgrowth of earlier ABS efforts– HES includes the functionality of the old Advanced Baseline Sounder
(ABS) – HES has been expanded to include other capabilities for environmental
monitoring employing the improved temporal resolution from GEO. • Coastal Ocean• Open Ocean• Land
HES-IR Tasks• HES - Disk Sounding (HES-DS)
– Provide vertical moisture and temperature information, and other environmental data that will be used by NOAA and other public and private agencies to produce routine meteorological analyses and forecasts
– Provide data that may be used to extend knowledge and understanding of the atmosphere and its processes in order to improve short/long-term weather forecasts.
• HES - Severe Weather / Mesoscale (HES-SW/M)– Provide environmental data that can be used to expand knowledge of
mesoscale and synoptic scale storm development and provide data that may be used to help in forecasting severe weather events.
– Backup mode in the event of a GOES-R ABI failure (both).
HES-Disk Sounding (HES-DS) task
• Spatial Resolution– IR: Threshold=10 km, Goal=2 km, – Vis: Threshold=1.0 km, Goal= 0.5 km
• Coverage rate (Threshold)– 62 degree LZA / hour
at 10 km resolution• Coverage area must
be flexible and selectable.
HES-Severe Weather/Mesoscale task• Spatial Resolution
– IR: Threshold=4 km, Goal=2 km, – Vis: Threshold=1.0 km, Goal= 0.5 km
• Coverage rate– 1000 km x 1000 km (locations vary) in 4.4 minutes– Coverage area must be flexible and selectable.
• Spectral coverage:– Specific examples are cited in the MRD, same as HES-DS
• Spectral resolution: – 15 um CO2 band: 0.6 cm-1, Windows: 0.6-1.0 cm-1, Ozone: 1 cm-1,
H2O: 1-2 cm-1, near 4 um: 2.5 cm-1, Visible: 0.18 um
IR Spectral Coverage (DS or SW/M)
5Note that
0.625cm-1 1.25cm-1 2.5cm-1
0.625 cm-1 0.625 cm-1
0.6 cm-1 0.6 cm-1
CO2
(T)
Important lines for cloud emissivity and cloud type
Ozone “Traditional Side of
H2O absorption”
CO2 weak H2OCO N2O Temperature
Example 2
Example 1
IR Spectral Coverage (DS or SW/M)
5
HES
HES’
Much improved spatial coverage with the HES Sounder
Current GOES Sounder coverage in one hour
CIMSS
GOES-R HES Sounder coverage in one hour
Cloud Top Pressure
Hyperspectral Environmental SuiteCoastal Waters
• Coastal Water (CW) Imaging– Coastal Waters within 400 km– Vis Spatial resolution 300 m – Spectral Range 0.4 m - 1.0 m– 180 minutes hour refresh rate– Can look over land also
• Air quality applications• Locate many tornado tracks• Flood extent• Hurricanes
HES-CW coverage without cloud mask information from the ABI
Default schedule might be to scan along entire coast.
HES-CW coverage with cloud mask information from the ABI
Cloud mask from ABI would suggest to not scan over cloudy regions and hence other regions could be scanned.
From Dan Mandl, NASA
Real-time, autonomous test on February 5th
Table 2a. HES-Severe Weather/Mesoscale (SW/M) coverage rates.
Table 2b. HES-Disk Sounder (DS) coverage rates.
Table 2c. HES-Coastal Waters (CW) coverage rates.
Estimated (required) coverage times of typical areas at various spatial resolutions for the HES
Other important inputs for HES data collection locations could be: NWP, sounding instability, ABI cloud mask, NPOESS, operator, etc.
Time (UTC)
ABI HES-Sounder
HES-CW
12:45 FD 10km-CONUS 12:50 FD 12:55 FD CW area 13:00 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 13:05 CONUS+MSS CW area 13:10 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 13:15 FD CW area 13:20 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 13:25 CONUS+MSS CW area 13:30 FD 4km-MS 13:35 CONUS+MSS CW area 13:40 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 13:45 FD 10km-CONUS 13:50 FD 13:55 FD CW area 14:00 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 14:05 CONUS+MSS CW area 14:10 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 14:15 FD CW area 14:20 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 14:25 CONUS+MSS CW area 14:30 FD 4km-MS 14:35 CONUS+MSS CW area 14:40 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 14:45 FD 10km-CONUS 14:50 FD 14:55 FD CW area 15:00 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 15:05 CONUS+MSS CW area 15:10 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 15:15 FD CW area 15:20 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 15:25 CONUS+MSS CW area 15:30 FD 4km-MS 15:35 CONUS+MSS CW area 15:40 CONUS+MSS 4km-MS 15:45 FD 10km-CONUS 15:50 FD 15:55 FD 4km-MS 16:00 CONUS+MSS Land mode (1200kmx1200km)
Sample GOES-R 3-hour schedule for the ABI and (1 telescope design) HES
MSS = Mesoscale Scans from the ABIMS = HES-Sounder mesoscale
mode FD = Full imaging disk scan FSD = Full “sounding” disk scan
• Visible image to show the cloud cover (GOES-East Example).• What follows is a HES example coverage loop.
Visible image example
HES-Sounding simulation at 10 km
20:45 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
20:55 UTC
21:00 UTC
HES-Sounding at 4 km
21:05 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
21:10 UTC
HES-Sounding 4 km
21:15 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
21:20 UTC
HES-Sounding 4 km
21:25 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
21:30 UTC
HES-Sounding 4 km
21:35 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
21:40 UTC
HES-Sounding 4 km
21:45 UTC
HES-Sounding 10 km
The great amount of information from the GOES-R series will both offer a continuation of current product and services, and also allow for improved or new capabilities.
These products, based on validated requirements, will cover a wide range of phenomena. This includes applications relating to: weather, ocean, coastal zones, land, hazards, solar and space.
The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI), the Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES), the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM), the space and solar instrument suites (Solar Imaging Suite (SIS) and the Space Environment In-Situ Suite (SEISS) on GOES-R will enable much improved monitoring compared to current capabilities.
GOES-R
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/hes/http://osd.goes.noaa.gov/http://www.osd.noaa.gov/
http://goespoes.gsfc.nasa.gov/goesr_industry.htm
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Fourth GOES-R Users’ Conference:
• May 1-3 2006:– Location: Broomfield CO– Will focus on User Readiness
–For more info:•http://www.osd.noaa.gov/announcement/index.htm
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