Download - Global warming by robin
GLOBAL WARMING
A PRESENTATION BYROBIN
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Global Warming• an average increase in
the temperature of the atmosphere near the Earth’s surface and in the troposphere1, which can contribute to changes in global climate patterns
Causes • Burning of fossil fuels (Coal/Crude oil)
– Power plants generate electricity
– Transportation-----fuels for transports (E.g. LPG,
kerosene, fuel oil)
– Industrial processes (E.g. manufacture of cement, steel, aluminium)
Causes• Other greenhouse
gases emission
– Agriculture– Forestry– Other land uses– Waste management
Besides carbon dioxide, other
gases such as methane,
chlorofluorocarbons, nitrogen
oxides and ozone also
contribute to the greenhouse
effect.
Example : Using natural gas to cook CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere↓
Some infrared radiation is trapped ↓
Greenhouse effect
Serious greenhouse effect
Global Warming
How serious the problem is?...
Increase in greenhouse gases• Concentration of greenhouse gases
in the atmosphere is highly increasing by human activities
→ Leads to the increasing seriousness of global warming
Global surface temperatures
– increased about 0.6°C/century since the late19th century
– increased to 2°C/century over the past 25 years
Increase in Global temperatures
Temperature difference between different parts of atmosphere• troposphere temperatures (the
lowest 8 kilometers of the Earth's atmosphere) collected since 1979 also indicate warming
• Cooling effect in higher parts of the atmosphere: stratospheric temperatures have been decreasing
Increasing temperature extremes• Regions that have temperatures (1-
3°C) warmer than the average: – United States – Most of the Europe
• Regions that have temperatures (1-3°C) cooler than the average: – Australia
Sea level rising• rising at an average rate of 1 - 2
mm/year over the past 100 years
Environmental and Human
Effects
Air QualityAn increase in the
concentration of ground-level ozone
Damage lung tissue
Harmful for those with asthma and other chronic lung
diseases
Food supply
Rising temperatures and variable precipitation
Decrease the production of staple foods in many of the poorest
regions
Increasing risks of malnutrition
Population displacement
Rising sea levels
Increase the risk of coastal flooding
(Necessitate population displacement)
• More than half of the world's population now lives within 60km of the sea.
• Most vulnerable regions: Nile delta in Egypt, the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta in Bangladesh, many small islands, such as the Maldives, the Marshall Islands and Tuvalu.
Measures on controlling the problem
• Government
* set some laws to limit the amount of pollutants produced by factories
* develop the skills of using renewable fuels, e.g. solar energy, wind energy
* encourage the factories to replace fossil fuels by renewable fuels, which would not cause environmental pollution
* carry out energy saving scheme → reduce the pollution produced by burning fossil fuels
* build more plants → reduce the pollutants e.g. CO2
Measures on controlling the problem
THE END