![Page 1: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Global Energy Picture Today
– and key trends to 2050
Dr Andrew W. CoxEnergy Intelligence & Marketing Research
![Page 2: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview - Global Primary Fuel Sources
Using data from the BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2014 [www.bp.com] – published 16 June 14
Primary Energy – consumption by fuel sources (Mtoe)
The statistics are for calendar years - and are shown in millions of tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) - and rounded to the nearest 0.1%.
Global coal [and natural gas] consumption has shown strong growth post-2000 in China/non-OECD
1990 2000 2010 2013 2013 (%)
Oil 3162.5 3583.7 4040.2 4185.1 32.9
Coal 2213.6 2342.9 3469.1 3826.7 30.1
Natural Gas 1769.5 2177.0 2868.2 3020.4 23.7
Hydro-Electric
489.8 602.4 783.9 855.8 6.7
Nuclear Energy
453.1 584.3 626.2 563.2 4.4
Renewables 28.6 51.8 168.0 279.3 2.2
TOTAL 8118.1 9342.1 11955.6 12730.4 100.0
![Page 3: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Global Primary Energy – consumption by main fuel sources
1988-2013(Calendar Years / mtoe)
1 toe (tonne of oil equivalent) equal “approximately”: 42 gigajoules; 40 million btu; 1.5 tonnes of hard coal; 3 tonnes of lignite
Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2014, page 43
![Page 4: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The BP data only comprises commercially traded fuels – and excludes many renewable energy sources.
Global Fuelwood Consumption – Post-2000 estimates by UN FAO indicate that 1.5-2.0 billion cubic metres of fuelwood are consumed annually (mainly obtained from non-commercial, non-sustainable forests). Over 1 billion people rely to varying degrees on these sources of energy.
Deforestation in Africa
![Page 5: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Underlying issues from the [complex] 2014 BP Statistical Review:
• Fossil fuels continue to dominate global energy supply [86.7% of traded primary energy sources in 2013]
• Coal continues to increase its share of primary energy – as does natural gas.
• Renewable energy and other low-carbon primary energy sources [except nuclear power] have continued to grow - but only make up 13.3% of traded global primary fuels.
• Economic growth – particularly in Asia and developing countries – continues to drive further expansion in global energy production and consumption.
![Page 6: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
During the period to 2050Demographic forecasts indicate that the global human population will increase to well over 9 billion.[Current population is over 7.2 billion]
![Page 7: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The populations of global cities and urban areas will see further expansion during the period to 2050.
By 2030 nearly 1 billion people could be living in China’s cities [approx. 1/8th of the world’s population]
Many migrants to cities will use significantly more energy per capita than rural populations [due to changes in employment, lifestyles, etc.].
![Page 8: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
However, electrification programmes are continuing throughout the developing
countries.
Not all city dwellers will
live in affluent
conditions.
![Page 9: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Increasing populations and economic development will mean more people will be able to achieve a more affluent lifestyle - purchasing consumer goods, cars and more energy-using appliances
![Page 10: Global Energy Picture Today - and key trends to 2050](https://reader037.vdocuments.us/reader037/viewer/2022102921/540485008d7f72a6768b477a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Global energy consumption [as well as water, food and resource consumption] will increase significantly by 2050.
If low-carbon energy sources don’t supply a far greater percentage of energy demand - and other key measures aren’t adopted – then atmospheric CO2 levels will rise sharply by 2050 accelerating global warming.
Atmospheric CO2 levels reached 400ppm in 2013/14.