Download - Georgia and the American Experience Chapter 10: The Progressive Era ©2005 Clairmont Press
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Georgia Georgia and the American Experienceand the American Experience
Chapter 10:Chapter 10:
The Progressive EraThe Progressive Era
©2005 Clairmont Press
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Terms to Know:
• Separate but Equal
• Jim Crow
• Plessy v. Ferguson
• Grandfather Clauses
• Poll tax
• Gerrymandering
• Zimmerman Telegram
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Separate But EqualSeparate But Equal• Civil Rights: rights a person has as a citizen
• “Jim Crow” laws passed to separate blacks and whites
• Plessy v. Ferguson: Supreme Court decision which approved Jim Crow laws – decision in place until 1954
• Cummings V. Richmond County Board of Education: Supreme Court decision supporting segregated schools in Georgia
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A Loss of Voting RightsA Loss of Voting Rights• Laws created to keep African Americans in Georgia from
voting– Grandfather clause: only those men whose fathers or
grandfathers were eligible to vote in 1867 could vote– Poll tax: a tax paid to vote– Voters had to own property– Voters had to pass a literacy test (which was
determined by the poll worker and could be different for different people)
– Gerrymandering (try to get extra votes unfairly: to manipulate an electoral area, usually by altering its boundaries, in order to gain an unfair political advantage in an election) election districts drawn up to divide the African American voters
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African Americans OrganizeAfrican Americans Organize
• NAACP (1909): worked for the rights of African Americans
• W.E.B. DuBois left Atlanta to work for the NAACP in New York
• National Urban League formed in 1910– Worked to solve social problems of African
Americans in cities– Assisted people moving from rural South to
urban North
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The United States Enters the The United States Enters the WarWar
• President Wilson worked to keep the US out of the war
• 1915: German submarine sank passenger ship Lusitania killing 128 Americans
• 1917: sub attacks resumed sinking American ships
• Zimmerman telegram: Germany tried to get Mexico to attack the US
• Wilson finally joined the Allied powers
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Georgia and World War IGeorgia and World War I• ±100,000 Georgians volunteered to join
the US armed forces
• Training in Georgia at Camp Benning, Fort McPherson, and Camp Gordon helped Georgia economy
• Georgians contributed manufactured goods and farm produce
• 3,000 young Georgians killed in the war
• Ended November 11, 1918
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Atlanta FireAtlanta Fire
• May 21, 1917
• Lasted 10-12 hours
• Seventy city blocks destroyed
• 6,000-10,000 people left homeless
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