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Geocells –An Innovative Approach to Capping Sediments in High‐EnergySandy Sediment EnvironmentsBattelle: 2019 Sediments Conference Todd Konechne
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Outline
1.Background
2.Innovative Capping Alternative
3.Cap Design & Installation
4.Performance
5.Lessons Learned
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• Tittabawassee River– From Midland to confluence with Saginaw River (24 miles)
• Saginaw River– From confluence to Saginaw Bay (22 miles)
• Saginaw Bay
• Presentation focuses onTittabawassee River
Background: Site LocationSaginaw Bay
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Background: Past Waste Disposal Practices; Dioxin and Furan Contamination • Dow operations, starting circa 1900
• Discharges to the River in the early 20thcentury contained graphitic carbon particles from chloralkali processes
• Unknown at the time, particles contained chlorinated dibenzofurans (furans)
• The graphitic carbon particles mixed with river sediments and moved downstream and eposited in certain areas
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Innovative Capping Alternative
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Innovative Capping Alternative• A new capping technology was trialed to address the Sediment Management Areas (SMAs)
• A Geoweb® product was used to create a geocell system to stabilize the sediments
• The geocells takes advantage of natural processes to isolate underlying deposits, protecting them from erosion
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Innovative Capping Alternative‐Natural Deposition Cap
• The Tittabawassee River sediments are predominantly sand and gravel with a active bedload
• The bedload moves down river at a high rate
• Bedload sediments become trapped in the geocells to form a natural cap
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Cap Design & Installation
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• A 6” deep by 8” open cell Geoweb® product is used
• Multiple geocell panels (8’ x 26’) are attached together to obtain the overall desired size
• The entire system is installed by hand– pea‐stone filled bags anchor the geocellsystem
– Tendons laced through the geocellsprovide additional anchoring
Cap Design & Installation
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Cap Design & Installation
• Around the perimeter of the geocell, rebar is used to anchor the edge of the system
• Natural stone is also place around the perimeter to create a protective transition (2 to 4.0 inch diameter stone)
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SMA Boundary
Geocell Panels
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Tendon Spools
Rebar
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Peastone Filled Bags
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Performance
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Performance
• As of the end of 2018, approximately 130,000 square feet (3 acres) of geocel cap has been installed– First geocell cap was piloted in 2010– 7 SMAs have used the natural deposition cap remedy
• The geocells fill quickly completing the cap system shortly after installation
• Cap monitoring occurs routinely and after high flow events– The caps have proven extremely resilient to high‐flow events and erosion
– Geocell caps remained stable after the 2nd largest flood on record in June 2017
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Lessons Learned
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Lessons Learned• To increase stakeholder acceptance a
pilot study was conducted on this technology
• Much of the installation is performed by hand– Labor intensive– Most caps have taken only a few days to install
• Requires a small footprint– Staging area and access to the river are minimal
– Accommodates difficult River access situations
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Lessons Learned• Water depth is a consideration for implementation
• River systems with an active bedload are likely most suitable for this technology
• Geocell caps are cost effective
• The stabilized sediments support aquatic vegetation providing habitat diversity
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Acknowledgements:
Mary Logan – Project Coordinator EPA
Al Taylor – Project Coordinator MDEQ
Chris Bowen – Construction Manager
Kristin S. Bell – Ramboll
Scott Hayter ‐ Ramboll